HomeMy WebLinkAbout96-547 RothWilliam A. Roth, P.E.
Roth, Moore & Associates
14900 Route 30
North Huntingdon, PA 15642
Dear Mr. Roth:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 25, 1996
96 -547
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Borough; Building Inspector; Code Officer;
Engineering Firm; Business With Which Associated.
This responds to your letter of March 28, 1996 in which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a Borough Engineer, Building Inspector and Code Officer
as to his financial interests in private engineering firms.
Facts: You currently serve as the Building Inspector and Code Officer for the
Borough of West Homestead (Borough). You assert that you are not a Borough
employee. As the majority stockholder and President of William A. Roth Engineering,
Inc., t /d /b /a Roth, Moore & Associates (RMA), you provide engineering services to the
Borough. You are also a minority stockholder and President of SPEAD which is a land
development and redevelopment business which intends to conduct business in several
western Pennsylvania locations including, potentially, the Borough. SPEAD has
identified sites in the Borough which would be of interest to its business, some of
which are owned by the Borough. To date, no business has yet to be conducted in
the Borough.
Your specific inquiries are as follows:
1. Can you continue to serve as Borough Engineer, Building Inspector and
Code Officer while pursuing your private interests in SPEAD?
2. What restrictions, notifications or other procedures need to be observed,
made or followed, respectively, in order to continue to serve in the stated Borough
positions?
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
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April 25, 1996
Page 2
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As Engineer, Building Inspector and Code Officer for West Homestead Borough,
you are a public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you
are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Roth, 96 -547
April 25, 1996
Page 3
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public employee or his
spouse or child or any business in which the person or his
spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or where there appears
to be no express prohibitions to such contracting, the above particular provision of the
law would require that an open and public process must be used in all situations where
a public official /employee is otherwise appropriately contracting with his own
governmental body, or subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a
contract with the governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. This open
and public process would require that the following be observed as to the contract
with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor/ applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public official /employee may
not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
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April 25, 1996
Page 4
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing
a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the instant matter, it is
noted that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does not prohibit public officials /employees
from outside business activities or employment; however, the public official /employee
may not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own private pecuniary
benefit or that of a business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -01 1.
A public official /employee must exercise caution so that his private business activities
do not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013. Thus, a public
official /employee could not perform private business using governmental facilities or
personnel. In particular, the governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment,
research materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a means, in
whole or part, to carry out private business activities. In addition, the public
official /employee could not during government working hours, solicit or promote such
business activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly prohibit the
use of confidential information received by holding public office/ employment for such
a prohibited private pecuniary benefit.
As to the specific questions posed, the Ethics Law would not prohibit you from
engaging in such outside business activities subject to the qualifications noted above.
Further, you may continue with your Borough positions. However, you would have
a conflict as to matters involving such businesses which come before the Borough.
The conflict would not only extend to the businesses but also the clients of those
businesses. See, Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010; Miller, Opinion 89 -024. Furthermore,
you would have a conflict as to any submissions to the Borough that you or your
business prepared on behalf of the clients. See, Ferraro, Order 720, where the
Commission found that a municipal engineer violated Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
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April 25, 1996
Page 5
when he reviewed plans that he prepared in a private capacity for clients for
submission to the municipality.
As to your second question, you must recuse yourself from all such conflict and
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) outlined above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Engineer, Building Inspector and Code Officer for West
Homestead Borough, you are a public official /employee subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. Subject to the qualifications noted above, you may under Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law serve in the foregoing borough positions while maintaining certain
financial interests in a private capacity. However, you would have a conflict as to
matters involving such businesses, clients and submissions therefrom. In such cases,
you must recuse yourself and observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) noted
above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
forma/ Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
incent J. pko
Chief Counsel