HomeMy WebLinkAbout96-513 MunleyJanice Munley
388 Academy Street
Archbald, PA 18403
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 9, 1996
96 -513
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough, Councilmember,
Borough Police, Husband and Brother.
Dear Ms. Munley:
This responds to your letter of January 23, 1996 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a Borough
Councilmember regarding participation in matters involving the
Borough Police when the Councilmember's husband and brother are
Borough Police Officers.
Facts: You were recently elected to the Archbald Borough
Council, being sworn into office on January 2, 1996. Following the
January 17, 1996 Council meeting and executive session, you were
advised by the Borough Solicitor that you should not attend any
executive sessions where business regarding the Borough Police
Department would be discussed because your husband and brother are
employed as Police Officers
Although the Solicitor stated that they would feel uneasy
discussing police matters in your presence, you believe that as an
elected official you have the right to attend these meetings and
are requesting advice on this issue.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections
7(10) and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11),
advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which
the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does
not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does
it speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
Munley, 96 -513
February 9, 1996
Page 2
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a member of the Archbald Borough Council, you are a public
official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
unley, 96 -513
February 9, 1996
Page 3
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Munley, 96 -513
February 9, 1996
Page 4
It is clear in this case that under the Ethics Law, your
husband and brother are members of your "immediate family ". The
seminal Commission decision which applies Section 3(a) under
similar facts is Van Rensler, Opinion 90 -017. The issue in Van'
Rensler was whether the Ethics Law prohibited school board
directors from participating on a negotiating team and voting on a
collective bargaining agreement when members of their immediate
families were school district employees represented by the
bargaining units. The Commission concluded that the Ethics Law
would not restrict the school directors from voting on the
finalized agreement, but that the school directors could not take
part in the negotiations leading to the finalized agreement. In
reaching this conclusion, the Commission held that the school
directors could vote on the finalized agreement because of the
exclusion in the definition of "conflict or conflict of interest"
which applies if the immediate family member is a member of a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
containing more than one member and the family member would be
affected exactly as the other members of the subclass. The
Commission held that if these two prerequisites for applying the
exclusion were met, the school directors could vote on the final
collective bargaining agreement.
However, the Commission held that the Ethics Law precluded the
participation of the school directors in the negotiation process.
Citing prior opinions under former Act 170 of 1978, the Commission
recognized that the underlying reasoning of those prior opinions
was to insure that public officials are impartial and that their
private interests are sufficiently separated from their
responsibility to the public. Van Rensler, at 4. The Commission
cited the definition of "conflict of interest" in Act 9 of 1989 as
specifically prohibiting a public official or employee from using
confidential information relating to the family members' bargaining
units. The risk of disclosure of that information was held to
preclude the school board directors from participating in
negotiations where family members are part of the bargaining unit.
In so holding, the negotiation process would be free of any
influence of such a school board director and the potential for the
use of confidential information would be "minimized if not
eliminated ". Id, at 4 -5. Thus, a fundamental basis for the Van
Rensler Opinion was precluding the use of confidential information
obtained through the public office as school board director to
defeat the bargaining process.
In applying Section 3(a) to the questions you pose, in general
the Ethics law would not prohibit you from attending executive
sessions where police matters would be discussed. However, as
noted in Van Rensler, supra, you could not be present if
confidential salary negotiations involving the Borough police were
discussed. Of course, you could vote on the final ratification of
a salary contract provided the criteria in Van Rensler are
Manley, 96 -513
February 9, 1996
Page 5
satisfied. As to matters involving confidential information or a
private pecuniary benefit that is individual to either your husband
or brother, such as promotion, discipline or lay -off, you should
absent yourself from the executive session and must abstain in any
public meeting so that you would not participate or vote on such
matters and must observe the requirements of Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law noted above.
Thus, under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, matters involving
the subclass of the occupational group of borough policemen which
affect the members of that subclass to the same degree are not
conflicts; matters involving your husband /brother individually
which would result in a private pecuniary benefit to either of them
would be conflicts requiring abstention and the observance of the
Section 3(j) disclosure requirements.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As a member of the Archbald Borough Council, you are
a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law in general would not prohibit you
from attending executive sessions or participating in matters
concerning the Borough police where your husband and brother are
police officers subject to certain areas of exception as noted
above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you
have any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the
Advice to the full Commission. A personal appearance
before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Munley, 96 -513
February 9, 1996
Page 6
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be
actually received at the Commission within thirty (30)
days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code
§13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service,
or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file
such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
i cerely,
Vincent ' . Dopko
Chief Counsel