HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-628 LundyJeffrey Lundy, Esquire
Lukehart & Lundy
219 East Union Street
PO Box 74
Punxsutawney, PA 15767 -0074
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 20, 1995
95 -628
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Attorney, Private
Employment or Business, County Solicitor, Realty, Lease to
County, Contract.
Dear Mr. Lundy:
This responds to your letter of November 14, 1995, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a county solicitor is prohibited or restricted by
the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law from working with,
being employed by or associated with a business /person in a private
capacity in addition to public service.
Facts: You are a practicing attorney in Jefferson County and
have been asked to take the position of Solicitor. You are
presently a one -third owner in a building in Punxsutawney which is
currently being leased to the County for use as the District
Magistrate's Office. The lease is on a 2 -3 year basis and fair
rental value is negotiated at the end of each lease period. You
inquire if there would be any restrictions on you as County
Solicitor assuming that you do not involve yourself in any
negotiations concerning the lease and that you list the lease
agreement in your ethical disclosure.
Discussion: As County Solicitor for Jefferson County, you would be
a public official /employee as that term is defined under the Ethics
Law, and hence would be subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Jeffrey Lundy, Esquire, 95 -628
December 20, 1995
Page 2
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Jeffrey Lundy, Esquire, 95 -628
December 20, 1995
Page 3
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
instant matter, it is noted that Section 3 (a) of the Ethics Law
does not prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities or employment; however, the public official /employee may
not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own
private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A public official /employee
must exercise caution so that his private business activities do
not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Thus, a public official /employee could not perform private business
using governmental facilities or personnel. In particular, the
governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research
materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a
means, in whole or part, to carry out private business activities.
In addition, the public official /employee could not during
government working hours, solicit or promote such business
activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly
prohibit the use of confidential information received by holding
public office/ employment for such a prohibited private pecuniary
benefit.
In the event that the co- owners of the building or matters
concerning the building are pending before your governmental body
or if you as part of such official duties must participate, review
or pass upon such matters, a conflict would exist. Miller, Opinion
89 -024. In those instances, it will be necessary that you be
removed from that process.
In such cases as noted above, Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law
would require not only that you abstain from participation but also
file a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording
the minutes.
In summary, the Ethics Law would restrict the following:
1. The use of authority of office to obtain any business in
a private capacity;
2. Utilization of confidential information gained through
public position;
3. Participating in discussions, reviews, or recommendations
on matters which relate to the business /private employer which may
come before the governmental body and in such cases publicly
announcing the relationship or advising the supervisor as well as
filing a written memorandum as per the requirements of Section 3(j)
of the Ethics Law. Brooks, Opinion 89 -023.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Jeffrey Lundy, Esquire, 95 -628
December 20, 1995
Page 4
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no express prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of the law would
require that an open and public process must be used in all
situations where a public official /employee is otherwise
appropriately contracting with his own governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with
the governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. This open
and public process would require that the following be observed as
to the contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting
possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor/
applicant to be able to prepare and present an
application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals
considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and
accepted.
Jeffrey Lundy, Esquire, 95 -628
December 20, 1995
Page 5
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public
official /employee may not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the
contract with the governmental body.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of County Code or Rules of Professional
Conduct.
Conclusion: As County Solicitor for Jefferson County, you would be
a public official /employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics
Law. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not preclude you from
outside employment /business activity subject to the restrictions
and qualifications as noted above. In the event that the co- owners
of the building or matters concerning the building are pending
before your governmental body, then you could not participate in
that matter and the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law as outlined above must be satisfied. The provisions of
Sections 3(f) and 3(j) must be satisfied to the extent applicable.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you
have any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the
Advice to the full Commission. A personal appearance
before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be
actually received at the Commission within thirty (30)
days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Paced
§13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service,
or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file
Jeffrey Lundy, Esquire, 95-628
December 20, 1995
Page 6
such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J J Dopk
Chief Counsel