HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-598 ChristDonald M. Christ
Chairman
Board of Supervisors
Lynn Township, Lehigh County
P.O. Box 3
New Tripoli, PA 18066
Dear Mr. Christ:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 25, 1995
95 -598
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Second Class Township,
Supervisor, Fire Company, Non - profit Volunteer Association,
Assistant Fire Chief.
This responds to your letter of July 27, 1985 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a second class
township supervisor who is an assistant fire chief of a non - profit
volunteer fire company.
Facts: You serve as Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and a
roadmaster in Lynn Township. As roadmaster your duties include all
aspects of road construction, maintenance and repair. The
Community Fire Company of New Tripoli came before the Board of
Supervisors on June 1, 1995 to permit the Fire Company to place a
substation on a Township owned lot. The Fire Company is a non-
profit, volunteer organization which serves the residents of Lynn
Township. Although you have served on the Board of Directors in
the past, you are currently an Assistant Fire Chief within the
organization which delegates your responsibilities as to fire-
fighters who would look to you for direction in the absence of the
Fire Chief. This position is appointed and does not entitle you to
vote on any issues before the Board of Directors of the Fire
Company. Specifically, you seek an advisory as to:
1. whether the appointment of Assistant Fire Chief would be
considered an office of the Fire Company; and
Christ, Donald M., 95 -598
August 25, 1995
Page 2
2. if the Fire Company would be viewed as a business.
You have enclosed a copy of the Constitution and By -laws of
the Community Fire Company of New Tripoli which will be
incorporated herein by reference.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Supervisor for Lynn Township, you are a public official
as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are
subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
Christ, Donald M., 95 -598
August 25, 1995
Page 3
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business." Any corporation,
partnership, sole proprietorship, firm,
enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual,
holding company, joint stock company,
receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in business
for profit which comprises more than 5% of the
equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
Christ, Donald M., 95 -598
August 25, 1995
Page 4
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no express prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of the law would
require that an open and public process must be used in all
situations where a public official /employee is otherwise
appropriately contracting with his own governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with
the governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. This open
and public process would require that the following be observed as
to the contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting
possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor/
applicant to be able to prepare and present an
application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals
considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and
accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public
official /employee may not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the
contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Christ, Donald M., 95 -598
August 25, 1995
Page 5
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
As to the two questions you pose, the first question is beyond
the scope of the Ethics Law. The determination of whether you as
Assistant Fire Chief are an officer of the Fire Company turns upon
an interpretation of the Constitution and By -Laws of the New
Tripoli Community Fire Company. Since the State Ethics Commission
only has jurisdiction to interpret the Ethics Law and such other
laws which may impact upon the Ethics Law, your first question
cannot be addressed.
As to your second question of whether the Fire Company is
Christ, Donald M., 95 -598
August 25, 1995
Page 6
considered a business, you are advised that the Fire Company is a
business as that term is defined under the Ethics Law even though
the Fire Company is volunteer and non - profit. In Stewart, Opinion
79 -070, the Commission considered Blue Cross /Blue Shield as a
business even though non - profit; in Novack, Opinion 91 -009
Pennsylvania State University was found to be a business within the
definition of that term in the Ethics Law.
Since the New Tripoli Community Fire Company is a business
under the Ethics Law, the question is whether that business is one
with which you are associated. As long as you are not a director,
officer, owner, employee or have a financial interest in the Fire
Company, it would not be a business with which you are associated.
As noted above, the question of whether you hold any such position
in the Fire Company involves an interpretation of the Constitution/
By -Laws which is beyond the scope of the Ethics Law. Assuming
factually that you do not hold any such position, the Fire Company
would not be a business with which you are associated under the
Ethics Law in which case you would not have a conflict under
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Supervisor for Lynn Township, you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Law would not prohibit a second class township
supervisor from participating in matters related to a non - profit
volunteer fire company provided the fire company is not a business
with which he is associated. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
Christ, Donald M., 95 -598
August 25, 1995
Page 7
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
ncerely,
Vincent 1. Dopko
Chief Counsel