HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-596 MasseyAlbert L. Massey
P.O. Box 3491
Erie, PA 16508
Dear Mr. Massey:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1 610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 22, 1995
95 -596
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Community Affairs;
Recreation Advisor III.
This responds to your letter of July 25, 1995, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Recreation Adviser
III following termination of service with the Department of
Community Affairs (DCA).
Facts: You formerly served as a Recreation Advisor III with the
Bureau of Recreation and Conservation in DCA. On the 31st of May,
you were advised that since there was no money in the budget for
your position, you would be terminated from employment on June
30th. Since you had less than 10 years of service, you were
required to purchase your teaching and service time in order to
qualify for a pension. You were advised by the retirement
counselor that the 19th of June was the last day for a guaranty
that your signing of the required paperwork would insure that the
initial payment would be made (a deduction from your biweekly
paycheck). Therefore in order to insure a pension, you signed the
required paperwork and sent it to the retirement counselor. The
cost of purchasing your teaching /military time was over 18% of your
take home pay.
On the 28th of June you were advised by phone that monies had
been found and you would still be employed after the 30th. You
agreed to stay for two weeks to see if anything could be done about
having money removed from your paycheck for the purchase of your
service time. You were advised that this was not possible, but you
could make the effort. In 1991, those people, who were laid off
and then called back and who were in the same position as yourself,
were not given a reprieve for the removal of the purchase of
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 2
military time in order to qualify for a pension. You left
employment on July 14, 1995.
You have been told that you could not have contact with the
State agency with which you were associated for a one year period.
Since you are a registered landscape architect in Pennsylvania and
since you are required to place your seal on drawings that you
prepare; will this seal "going by" the State Agency with which you
are associated create a problem?
The State Agency with which you are associated was the Bureau
of Recreation and Conservation, DCA. As of July 1st this Bureau
became part of the new Department of Conservation and Natural
Resources (DCNR). This Bureau awards grants to municipalities for
the development of parks and recreation places. The municipalities
who have the responsibility for the development of parks and
recreation places hire consultants -- landscape architects,
architects or engineers for the design and preparation of contract
documents. These drawings and contract documents are reviewed by
the Bureau of Recreation and Conservation to insure the drawings
and contract documents comply with State laws.
The Commonwealth has a grant contract with the municipalities
for the development of parks. The municipalities have a contract
with the consultants and contractors to provide for the
construction of the parks. All grants were awarded before the
middle of May.
Your position, while employed by the Commonwealth, gave you
the initial contact with the grants for review and ranking.
Subsequently, the grants were reviewed by the Regional Director and
the Bureau staff in Harrisburg, the Deputy Secretary and the
Secretary of DCA and the Governor's Office.
In the course of preparing drawings and contract documents,
there is no need for contact with the Bureau if one knows and
understands the State laws and regulations. Such submissions may
be included by the municipality with the grant.
You do not understand how the following two situations cannot
be a conflict of interest based upon what you were told about your
association with your former Bureau:
"a. The former Deputy Secretary of the Department of
Community Affairs is currently serving as the mall
manager for Crown America (Johnston, PA) at the Viewmont
Mall, Scranton /Dixon City on Route 6. It is . . . [your]
. . . understanding that while he was Regional Director
of the Scranton Office of the Dept. of Community Affairs
or Deputy Secretary of DCA infrastructure monies were
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 3
provided to the Mall, either Sanitary sewer water through
the renewal monies from the Bureau of housing, DCA.
b. Raymond S. Angeli served the DCA as a Regional Director
in the Scranton Office, Deputy Secretary and Secretary of
DCA. Upon leaving DCA in December, He (sic) became
President of Lackawanna Junior College in Scranton.
There was a capital project of between 1% and 2 / million
given to the College during his tenure and a member of
the review committee."
If these two individuals can secure jobs as a result of their
positions in the DCA, you do not understand why you cannot provide
consulting services for municipalities in Pennsylvania. You have
not been in the position to give grants to municipalities where you
can receive a commission or a job. Almost all consulting jobs
awarded by municipalities are competitive. Municipalities ask for
"Requests for Proposals" and review and select those firms that can
provided services on a reasonable basis.
You have enclosed copies of your job description, letters of
June 1, 30 and July 11, resume and typical seal /title block which
appears on drawings which are incorporated herein by reference.
Discussion: As a Recreation Advisor III for DCA, you are to be
considered a "public employee" within the definition of that term
as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and the
Regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §11.1.
This conclusion is based upon the job description, which when
reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the power
exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial
nature with respect to contracting, procurement, planning,
inspecting, administering or monitoring grants, leasing,
regulating, auditing or other activities where the economic impact
is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 4
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with DCA must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service would be DCA and
DCNR. The above is based upon the language of the Ethics Law, the
legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No.
15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this Commission. Thus,
in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a former
Division Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not
merely restricted to the particular Division as was contended but
was in fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year
representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R,
it was determined that a former legislative assistant to a state
senator was not merely restricted to that particular senator but to
the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with DCA, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict
representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis DCA and DCNR.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public.employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 5
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. §1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
were associated is DCA and DCNR.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 6
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;'
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shay, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to DCA and DCNR. However, you may not be identified on documents
submitted to DCA and DCNR. You may also counsel any person
regarding that person's appearance before DCA and DCNR. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed
to DCA and DCNR. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not
prohibit or preclude the making of general informational inquiries
of DCA and DCNR to secure information which is available to the
general public. This must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known
to that body the representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
In Confidential Opinion 93 -005, the Commission held that
Section 3(g) precludes a former public official /employee from
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 7
providing consulting services to his former governmental body for
a period of one year after termination of service in that the
prohibition against representing a person includes the former
public official /employee representing himself.
Furthermore, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
In response to the issues you have raised, you are not
precluded from working for or providing consulting services to
municipalities as long as those municipalities do not make
submissions or contracts with DCA or DCNR which would include your
name or anything else which would constitute representation. The
fact that you attach a seal to a document which lists your name is
within the prohibition of Section 3(g) if submitted to your former
governmental body.
As to the two other individuals referenced in your letter, you
have not identified the first individual and hence it is unknown
whether an advisory was issued to that person. As to Raymond S.
Angeli, the Commission did issue Angell., Advice 94 -612 on September
29, 1994, specifically advising Angeli that the restrictions of
Section 3(g) applied to him as to contacts with DCA.
Section 3(g) does not focus upon the particular duties of a
public official /public employee as to his governmental body but
rather imposes the above restriction regardless of the nature of
those duties or responsibilities.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a Recreation Advisor III, you were to be considered
a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination
of service with the Department of Community Affairs, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Law. The former governmental body is the Department of
Community Affairs and the Department of Conservation and Natural
Resources. The restrictions as to representation outlined above
must be followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only
Massey, Albert L., 95 -596
August 22, 1995
Page 8
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAS transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
ncerely,
Vincent . " Dopko
Chief Counsel