HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-590 LorenzenDouglas J. Lorenzen
Supervisor
Waste Management Services
Pacific Environmental Services, Inc.
560 Herndon Parkway, Suite 200
Herndon, VA 22070 -5225
Re: Public Official; Cleanup Standards Scientific Advisory Board.
Dear Mr. Lorenzen:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 1, 1995
95 -590
This responds to your FAX transmissions of July 5, and July
11, 1995, in which you requested advice from the State Ethics
Commission.
Issue: You ask whether in your capacity as a Member of the Cleanup
Standards Scientific Advisory Board (CSSAB), you are to be
considered a "public official" as that term is defined in the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law.
Facts: You question whether your activities and functions fall
within the purview of the definition of "public official" as that
phrase is defined in the State Ethics Law and the Regulations of
this Commission.
Senate Bill No. 1, known as the "Land Recycling and
Environmental Remediation Standards Act" (Act) was recently signed
into legislation. Section 105 of the Act creates CSSAB whose
purpose will be to assist the Department of Environmental Resources
(DER) in developing statewide health standards and procedures to be
used in implementing the Act. You have enclosed a portion of that
law, the full text of which is incorporated herein by reference.
You seek an opinion from the Commission on whether you would
be covered under the Ethics Law and, if so, what restrictions will
be imposed upon you or your employer if you are appointed to CSSAB.
As an employee of an environmental consulting firm, it is your
intention to provide services to your clients pursuant to the Act.
Discussion: Since you question whether you as a CSSAB Member are
Lorenzen, Douglas J., 95 -590
August 1, 1995
Page 2
a public official, it is necessary to analyze the duties, functions
and responsibilities of CSSAB in order to determine whether you are
covered under the definition of public official and the Regulations
of the Commission. Philips v. State Ethics Commission, 79 Pa.
Commw. 491, 470 A. 2d 659 (1984).
The powers or duties of the CSSAB are set forth in the Land
Recycling and Environmental Remediation Standards Act.
The CSSAB is comprised of 13 members who will assist the DER
Environmental Quality Board (EQB) ". . . in developing Statewide
health standards, determining the appropriate statistically and
scientifically valid procedures to be used, determining the
appropriate risk factors and providing other technical and
scientific advice as needed to implement the provisions of this
act."
The following support function is provided as to CSSAB:
Support. -- The department shall provide the appropriate
administrative and technical support needed by the board
in order to accomplish its purpose, including support for
surveys and technical studies the board may wish to
undertake. The department shall publish a notice of
meeting dates, times and locations and a list of topics
to be discussed at any meeting no less that 14 days prior
to the meeting, published in the same manner as required
by the act of July 3, 1986 (P.L. 388, No. 84), known as
the Sunshine Act.
The question to be answered is whether your duties are
encompassed within the term "public official" as defined in the
Ethics Law and Regulations of the Commission.
65 P.S. §402.
Section 2. Definitions
"Public Official." Any person elected by
the public or elected or appointed by a
governmental body, or an appointed official in
the Executive, Legislative or Judicial Branch
of the State or any political subdivision
thereof, provided that it shall not include
members of advisory boards that have no
authority to expend public funds other than
reimbursement for personal expense, or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or
any political subdivision thereof.
Lorenzen, Douglas J., 95 -590
August 1, 1995
Page 3
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly
define the term "public official" as above with the additional
following criteria:
(i) The following criteria will be used
to determine if the exception in this
paragraph is applicable:
(A) The body will be deemed to have the
power to expend public funds if the body may
commit funds or may otherwise make payment of
monies, enter into contracts, invest funds
held in reserves, make loans or grants, borrow
money, issue bonds, employ staff, purchase,
lease, acquire or sell real or personal
property without the consent or approval of
the governing body and the effect of the power
to expend public funds has a greater than de
minimis economic impact on the interest of a
person.
(B) The body will be deemed to have the
authority to otherwise exercise the power of
the Commonwealth or a political subdivision if
one of the following exists:
(I) The body makes binding decisions or
orders adjudicating substantive issues which
are appealable to a body or person other than
the governing authority.
(II) The body exercises a basic power of
government and performs essential governmental
functions.
(III) The governing authority is bound by
statute or ordinance to accept and enforce the
rulings of the body.
(IV) The body may compel the governing
authority to act in accordance with the body's
decisions or restrain the governing authority
from acting contrary to the body's decisions.
(V) The body makes independent decisions
which are effective without approval of the
governing authority.
(VI) The body may adopt, amend and repeal
resolutions, rules, regulations or ordinances.
Lorenzen, Douglas J., 95 -590
August 1, 1995
Page 4
51 Pa. Code §11.1.
(VII) The body has the power of eminent
domain or condemnation.
(VIII) The enabling legislation of the
body indicates that the body is established
for exercising public powers of the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
(ii) The term does not include judges
and inspectors of elections, notary publics
and political party officers.
(iii) The term generally includes
persons in the following offices:
(A) Incumbents of offices filled by
nomination of the Governor and confirmation of
the Senate.
(B) Heads of executive, legislative and
independent agencies, boards and commissions.
(C) Members of agencies, boards and
commissions appointed by the General Assembly
or its officers.
(D) Persons appointed to positions
designated as officers by the Commonwealth or
its political subdivisions.
(E) Members of municipal, industrial
development, housing, parking and similar
authorities.
(F) Members of zoning hearing boards and
similar quasi- judicial bodies.
(G) Members of the public bodies meeting
the criteria in paragraph (i)(A).
We must review the question you present under these provisions
of the statute and the regulations of the Commission in light of
your duties and responsibilities as described above. Our inquiry
necessarily focuses on the job itself and not on the individual
incumbent in the position, the variable functions of the position,
or the manner in which a particular individual occupying a position
may carry out those functions. See Philips v. State Ethics
Commission, supra; Mummau v. Ranck. 531 Fed. Supp. 402 (E.D. Pa.
Lorenzen, Douglas J., 95 -590
August 1, 1995
Page 5
1982) .
Also, in reviewing your question, the Commonwealth Court in
its ruling in Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs us to construe
coverage of the Ethics Act broadly, rather than narrowly, and
conversely, directs that exclusions from the Ethics Act should be
narrowly construed.
Reviewing the definition of "public official" in the Ethics
Law, the Regulations and opinions of this Commission, questions
arise as to the scope of the powers of CSSAB because the
authorizing legislation does not delineate whether CSSAB performs
a purely advisory function or has powers to determine health
standards and various procedures. If the power of CSSAB is limited
to performing advisory functions only, you as a Board Member would
not be a public official under the Ethics Law. Contrariwise, if
CSSAB has the power to make determinations, you as a Board Member
would be covered by the Ethics Law and subject to the restrictions
therein.
Assuming that the power of the CSSAB is limited to a purely
advisory function, you would not be a "public official" as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law and the proposed activity
would not be restricted by the Ethics Law subject to the
qualification that Section 3(b) and 3(c) apply to everyone.
Section 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of
monetary value and no public official /employee shall solicit or
accept any thing of monetary value based upon the understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Conclusion: You are not considered a "public official" in your
capacity as a CSSAB Member assuming that the Board functions only
in an advisory capacity. The propriety of the proposed conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
Lorenzen, Douglas J., 95 -590
August 1, 1995
Page 6
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
ncerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel