HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-588 OBartoDaniel E. O'Barto
1406 Pine Street
South Greensburg, PA 15601
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 28, 1995
95 -588
Re: Conflict, Simultaneous Service, Public Official /Employee,
Borough Council Member, Municipal Authority Member, Salary.
Dear Mr. O'Barto:
This responds to your letter of June 28, 1995 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a municipal authority
board member who may be elected to borough council from holding
both positions and accepting the salary for one, the other or both
positions.
Facts: After referencing a recent telephone inquiry to the Ethics
Commission, you ask for an advisory regarding your nomination on
both the Democratic and Republican ballots for Councilman in the
Borough of South Greensburg. You currently hold the position of
Treasurer of the Greater Greensburg Sewage Authority (GGSA) with a
salary of $100.00 per month. Your appointment on the Authority
expires in January of 1996.
You ask whether you may hold both positions and, if so,
whether you may accept one or the other salary. After you asked
the Authority solicitor for an opinion, he advised that the law was
vague and that you could only accept the lower salary from the
Borough of $75.00 per month and not the new salary of $200.00 per
month from the Authority.
On July 27, 1995, you provided the following additional
information through a telephonic communication. You serve as a
board member of the GGSA which is a regional authority created by
the City of Greensburg and the Boroughs of Southwest Greensburg and
South Greensburg. You were elected to the position of Treasurer by
the GGSA Board and receive the $100.00 a month salary as a board
O'Barto, Daniel E., 95 -588
July 28, 1995
Page 2
member. A new salary of $200.00 has been approved by the governing
bodies for newly appointed GGSA board members.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As Board Member for GGSA, you are a public official as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to
the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
O'Barto, Daniel E., 95 -588
July 28, 1995
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
O'Earto, Daniel E., 95 -588
July 28, 1995
Page 4
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict arising if you were to serve both as a public
official /employee and as Borough Council Member. Assuming the
Authority is a governmental entity separate from the Borough under
the Municipality Authorities Act, the Ethics Law does not state
that it is inherently incompatible for a public official /employee
to serve as Borough Council Member. The main prohibition under the
Ethics Law and Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that one may
not serve the interests of two persons, groups, or entities whose
interests may be inherently adverse. Smith Opinion, 89 -010. In
the situation outlined above, you would not be serving entities
with interests which are inherently adverse to each other.
As to the second question of the receipt of salary in the one,
the other or both positions, the Commission has determined if a
particular statutory enactment prohibits an official from receiving
a particular benefit, then that official's receipt of such a
prohibited benefit, through the authority of public office, would
also be a use of the authority of office contrary to Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Law. In this respect, this Commission has been
called upon, on various occasions, to determine whether a specific
pecuniary benefit or financial gain is prohibited by law.
In order to determine whether compensation would constitute a
prohibited "private pecuniary benefit" under the Ethics Law, the
provisions of the Municipality Authorities Act (MAA) must be
reviewed:
Members shall hold office until their successors have
been appointed, and may succeed themselves, and . . .
shall receive such salaries as may be determined by the
governing body or bodies of the municipality or
municipalities.
53 P.S. §309(B). In order to determine whether such pecuniary
benefit is strictly prohibited by law and, therefore, a private
pecuniary benefit, the provisions of the Borough Code must be also
reviewed:
O'Barto, Daniel E., 95 -588
July 28, 1995
Page 5
Unless there is incompatibility in fact, any elective or
appointive officer of the borough shall be eligible to
serve, on any board, commission, bureau or other agency
created by or for the borough, or any borough office
created or authorized by statute and may accept
appointments thereunder, but no mayor or councilman shall
receive compensation therefor.
53 P.S. §46104.
Lichty, Advice 92 -635 concluded that simultaneous service as
a councilmember and an authority board member was permitted by the
Borough Code. However, with respect to the compensation question,
that advice stated:
It is not clear whether a position on the Municipal
Authority, which has presumably been created under the
Municipality Authorities Act, 53 P.S. §301 et seq., and
is a separate governmental body from the Borough Council,
would be deemed to be a Borough position. Therefore,
while it is clear that the Borough Code would not
preclude you from holding both positions, a judicial
determination would be required as to whether you could
be compensated as an Authority member.
Lichty, Advice 92 -635 at 6(emphasis in original).
Therefore, borough councilmembers may also serve as authority
board members under the Borough Code without transgressing the
Ethics Law. However, determining whether such councilmembers may
receive compensation as authority members requires a more in -depth
statutory analysis of the Borough Code. The Commission
jurisdiction is limited to the Ethics Law and only peripherally
involves other laws to determine whether a particular pecuniary
benefit is not authorized, or "private." Therefore, until an
appropriate judicial forum interprets the relevant portion of the
Borough Code, it is not clear whether a councilmember may be
compensated as an authority member. Assuming the appropriate forum
decides that compensation is not permitted as per the above quoted
prohibition in the Borough Code, a councilmember who accepts
compensation as an authority member would be receiving a private
pecuniary benefit contrary to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
Assuming, on the other hand, the appropriate forum decides that
such compensation is not prohibited by the above quoted provision
of the Borough Code, a councilmember who accepts compensation as an
authority member would not be receiving a private pecuniary-benefit
and would not be contrary to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
O'Barto, Daniel E., 95 -588
July 28, 1995
Page 6
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As Board Member for GGSA, you are a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Under Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law, a borough councilmember who is also an authority
board member may or may not be allowed to accept compensation as a
member or officer of the GGSA depending upon the appropriate
judicial forum determining whether such compensation is permitted
under the Borough Code, 53 P.S. §46104. Lastly, the propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
cerely,
Vincent 5. Dopko
Chief Counsel
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