HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-583 HowellSteven Howell, Esquire
Attorney at Law
2929 Gettysburg Road
Camp Hill, PA 17011
Dear Mr. Howell:
July 17, 1995
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
95 -583
Re: Attorney III; Department of Labor and Industry; Bureau of
Worker's Compensation; Public Employee; FIS.
This responds to Anniken U. Davenport, Esquire's Financial
Interest disclosure appeal, which will be treated as a request for
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether under the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
an Attorney III, formerly employed by the Department of Labor and
Industry (L &I), was a public employee required to file a Financial
Interest Statement.
Facts: From January 1, 1994, to July 7, 1994, Ms. Anniken U.
Davenport (Davenport) was an Attorney III with the Bureau of
Worker's Compensation, Labor and Industry (L &I). Since Davenport
claims she was wrongfully discharged on July 7, 1994, she has
brought suit against the Commonwealth and various individuals. Due
to the pending litigation, Davenport objects to providing the
Commonwealth or the other defendants any information not required
by the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure regarding discovery.
Notwithstanding Davenport's objection, she states that from January
1, 1994, to the present time she has not represented, with promised
or actual compensation, any person, corporation, or partnership on
any matters before the governmental body with which she was
associated from January 1, 1994 to July 7, 1994.
The classification /specification for an Attorney III together
with a generic job description for an attorney in the Workers'
Compensation Bureau of L &I have been obtained which are
incorporated herein by reference. The classification /specification
describes the Attorney III position as advanced non - supervisory
professional legal work performing highly responsible legal duties
with personal responsibility for difficult, novel and important
Howell, Steven, Esquire, 95 -583
July 17, 1995
Page 2
legal matters such as conducting high impact /complex litigation,
possibly involving large sums of money with broad Commonwealth
implications. The generic job description lists the following
duties: representing the Bureau in litigation as to the Supersedeas
(Injury) Fund or under the Occupational Disease Act; investigating/
prosecuting employers as to violations of Section 305 of the
Workers' Compensation Act; representing the Bureau in
administrative proceedings relative to violations of the Workers'
Compensation Act; representing the Bureau in bankruptcy proceedings
filed by employers where workers' compensation benefits may be
secured by bonds; representing the Bureau in special litigation;
serving as a legal advisory to the Bureau regarding government
operations and interaction as to other agencies; and advising as to
administrative adjudicative functions of the Bureau.
Discussion: The question to be answered is whether Anniken U.
Davenport, Esquire, in her capacity as an Attorney III for L &I, was
considered a "public employee." The Ethics Law defines that term
as follows:
65 P.S. §402.
Section 2. Definitions
"Public employee." Any individual employed by
the Commonwealth or a political subdivision
who is responsible for taking or recommending
official action of a nonministerial nature
with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or
auditing any person; or
(5) any other activity where the official
action has an economic impact of greater
than a de minimis nature on the interests
of any person.
"Public employee" shall not include individ-
uals who are employed by the State or any
political subdivision thereof in teaching as
distinguished from administrative duties.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly
define the term public employee as above with the additional
following criteria:
Howell, Steven, Esquire, 95 -583
July 17, 1995
Page 3
(ii) The following criteria will be
used, in part, to determine whether an
individual is within the definition of "public
employee ":
(A) The individual normally performs his
responsibility in the field without onsite
supervision.
(B) The individual is the immediate
supervisor of a person who normally performs
his responsibility in the field without onsite
supervision.
(C) The individual is the supervisor of
a highest level field office.
(D) The individual has the authority to
make final decisions.
(E) The individual has the authority to
forward or stop recommendations from being
sent to the person or body with the authority
to make final decisions.
(F) The individual prepares or
supervises the preparation of final
recommendations.
(G) The individual makes final technical
recommendations.
(H) The individual's recommendations or
actions are an inherent and recurring part of
his position.
(1) The individual's recommendations or
actions affect organizations other than his
own organization.
(iii) The term does not include
individuals who are employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of the
Commonwealth in teaching as distinguished from
administrative duties.
(iv) Persons in the following positions
are generally considered public employes:
(A) Executive and special directors or
Howell, Steven, Esquire, 95 -583
July 17, 1995
Page 4
51 Pa. Code §11.1.
assistants reporting directly to the agency
head or governing body.
(B) Commonwealth bureau directors,
division chiefs or heads of equivalent
organization elements and other governmental
body department heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in
representing the department, agency or other
governmental bodies.
(D) Engineers, managers and secretary -
treasurers acting as managers, police chiefs,
chief clerks, chief purchasing agents, grant
and contract managers, administrative
officers, housing and building inspectors,
investigators, auditors, sewer enforcement
officers and zoning officers in all
governmental bodies.
(E) Court administrators, assistants for
fiscal affairs and deputies for the minor
judiciary.
(F) School superintendents, assistant
superintendents, school business managers and
principals.
(G) Persons who report directly to heads
of executive, legislative and independent
agencies, boards and commissions except
clerical personnel.
(v) Persons in the following positions
are generally not considered public employes:
(A) City clerks, other clerical staff,
road masters, secretaries, police officers,
maintenance workers, construction workers,
equipment operators and recreation directors.
(B) Law clerks, court criers, court
reporters, probation officers, security guards
and writ servers.
(C) School teachers and clerks of the
schools.
Howell, Steven, Esquire, 95 -583
July 17, 1995
Page 5
The question Ms. Davenport presents must be reviewed under
these provisions of the statute and the regulations of the
Commission in light of her duties and obligations as described in
her job description and /or classification specifications, under
which she operated. The inquiry necessarily focuses on the job
itself and not on the individual incumbent in the position, the
variable functions of the position, or the manner in which a
particular individual occupying a position may carry out those
functions. See Phillips v. State Ethics Commission, 79 Pa. Commw.
491, 470 A.2d 659 (1984); and Mummau v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp. 402
(E.D. Pa. 1982).
Also, in reviewing her question, the Commonwealth Court in its
ruling in Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs that coverage of
the Ethics Act be construed broadly, rather than narrowly, and
conversely, directs that exclusions from the Ethics Law should be
narrowly construed. Based upon this directive and reviewing the
definition of "public employee" in the statute and the regulations
and opinions of this Commission, in light of Ms. Davenport's job
functions and the information available to us, the necessary
conclusion is that she is a "public employee" subject to the
financial reporting and disclosure requirements of the State Ethics
Act.
It is clear that in Ms. Davenport's capacity as an Attorney
III, she had the ability to recommend official action with respect
to subparagraph (5) within the definition of "public employee" as
set forth in the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §402. These activities fall
within the definition of public employee as contained in the
regulations of the Commission in Section 11.1, subparagraph (iv).
51 Pa. Code §11.1. Under these circumstances and given her duties
and responsibilities as outlined above, she was a "public employee"
as that term is defined in the Ethics Law.
Lastly, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court in Maunus v.
Commonwealth State Ethics Commission, 518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324
(1988), rejected various constitutional arguments raised and upheld
the Financial Interest Statements filing requirements of the Ethics
Law as to Commonwealth employed attorneys.
Conclusion: Ms. Davenport was considered a "public employee" in
her capacity as an Attorney III with L &I. Accordingly, she must
file a Statement of Financial Interests for each year in which she
held the position outlined above and for the year following the
termination of this service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
Howell, Steven, Esquire, 95 -583
July 17, 1995
Page 6
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa .Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery-service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
erely,
Vihcent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel