HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-581 ConfidentialSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG. PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 6, 1995
95 -581
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Private Employment or
Business, General Assembly, State Representative, Attorney,
Representation of Clients Before Governmental Bodies.
This responds to your letter of June 9, 1995, in which you
requested confidential advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a state representative is prohibited or restricted
by the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law from working with,
being employed by or associated with a business /person in a private
capacity in addition to public service.
Facts: You are a State Representative from A. At the present
time, a client wishes to have you represent him in an appeal he has
filed to B. You would like to represent this client in this matter
and do not intend to charge any fee.
You are requesting a confidential advisory opinion from the
Commission with regard to your proceeding as counsel for your
client in this appeal.
Discussion: As State Representative for the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, you are a public official as that term is defined
under the Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to the provisions
of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions,
Confidential Advice, 95 -581
July 6, 1995
Page 2
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
instant matter, it is noted that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
does not prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities or employment; however, the public official /employee may
not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own
private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A public official /employee
must exercise caution so that his private business activities do
Confidential Advice, 95 -581
July 6, 1995
Page 3
not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Thus, a public official /employee could not perform private business
using governmental facilities or personnel. In particular, the
governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research
materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a
means, in whole or part, to carry out private business activities.
In addition, the public official /employee could not during
government working hours, solicit or promote such business
activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly
prohibit the use of confidential information received by holding
public office/ employment for such a prohibited private pecuniary
benefit.
In your case, you in a private capacity as an Attorney seek to
represent a client before a governmental body.
Pennsylvania Public Utility Bar Association v. Thornburgh, 434
A.2d 1327, 62 Pa. Commw. 88 (1981), affirmed per curiam 450 A.2d
613, 498 Pa. 589 (1982), dealt with the applicability of Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act of 1978 to attorneys in the regulation of
their practice of law. In Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission
Bar Association, supra, the Court held that former Section 3(e) of
the Ethics Act of 1978, the predecessor of Section 3(g), was an
impermissible intrusion upon the Supreme Court's authority to
regulate an attorney's conduct; the State Ethics Commission has
applied this decision to mean that there are no prohibitions under
Section 3 (g) of the current Ethics Law upon your conduct insofar as
that conduct constitutes the practice of law. Spataro, Opinion 89-
009.
Therefore, insofar as your conduct would constitute the
practice of law, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law cannot be applied
to restrict that proposed activity. Particular reference should be
made to the decision of the Commonwealth Court at Footnote 7, 434
A.2d at page 1331 -1332. In this note, the Court indicated that any
activity in which the attorney purports to render professional
services to a client may only be regulated by the Supreme Court.
We must conclude that to the extent that you as an attorney in the
practice of law would represent a client, Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law would not operate to bar such activity.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the propriety of any other statute,
code, regulation or ordinance other than the Ethics Law has not
been considered. Specifically not addressed in this Advice is the
applicability of the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does not restrict your
representation or your activities as to the private practice of
law, as outlined above, insofar as those activities constitute the
Confidential Advice, 95 -581
July 6, 1995
Page 4
practice of law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Vincent J. Dop
Chief Counsel