HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-570 WeldonDonna S. Weldon, Esquire
Keefer, Wood, Allen & Rahal
210 Walnut Street
P.O. Box 11963
Harrisburg, PA 17108 -1963
Dear Ms. Weldon:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 22, 1995
95 -570
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Member, School Board, Area
Vocational Technical School, Joint Operating Committee.
This responds to your letter of April 28, 1995, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon members_ of an Area
Vocational Technical School (AVTS) Joint Operating Committee when
one of them is an applicant for a teaching position in the same
AVTS.
Facts: Ms. Sandra Hockensmith is a member of the Big Springs
School District School Board and the Cumberland -Perry AVTS Joint
Operating Committee. Her term as an elected school board member
runs from December 1994 to December 1997, and her term as an
appointed Joint Operating Committee member runs from December 1994
to December 1997. The Big Springs School District is a
participating district in the Cumberland -Perry AVTS. Ms.
Hockensmith applied for a position as health assistant teacher for
the Perry - Cumberland AVTS, a vacant position that was posted and
advertised beginning March 25, 1995, and is to be filled for the
1995 -96 school year. On behalf of Ms. Hockensmith and the AVTS
Joint Operating Committee you seek advice from the Commission under
the Ethics Law and ask four questions. First, you ask whether the
employment of Ms. Hockensmith as a health assistant teacher in the
AVTS would violate the Ethics Law. Second, you ask, if there is no
absolute prohibition to her employment, whether the Ethics Law
places any restrictions on the AVTS Joint Operating Committee
employment process. Third, you ask whether the Ethics Law requires
any public disclosures. Fourth, you ask at what point in the
Weldon, Donna S., Esquire, 95 -5'70
May 22, 1995
Page 2
employment process must Ms. Hockensmith resign her a
the AVTS Joint Operating Committee. With ppoo ad v to
Your re vi
you included a copy quest for adce,
py of a letter in which you interpreted relevant
provisions of the Public School Code that you wrote to the
administrative director of the AVTS.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § 5407(10),
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which advisories
the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S.
advisory only affords a defense to the extent Othe0 =e (11) . as
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts. requestor has
As members of the Cumberland -Perry AVTS Joint Operating
Committee, Ms. Hockensmith and the other members are public
officials as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
they are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
Weldon, Donna S., Esquire, 95 -570
May 22, 1995
Page 3
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
Weldon, Donna S., Esquire, 95 -570
May 22, 1995
Page 4
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed
contracting, the above particular Pr °vision of the to o u l d
reqir that an open and e law would
e public u where a process must be used in all
public official /employee is otherwise
appropriately contracting with his own
governmental
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with
the governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. is en
and public process would require that the following be observed as
to the contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting
possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and
applica or be able to prepare prudent t present toann
proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals
considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and
accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also re
official /employee may not have any supervisory quires that the overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administrat on of the
contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
Weldon, Donna S., Esquire, 95 -570
May 22, 1995
Page 5
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In your request for advice, you ask several questions. You
ask whether the Ethics Law places any restrictions or prohibitions
on the employment of Ms. Hockensmith as an AVTS teacher or on the
AVTS Joint Operating Committee in filling the position when Ms.
Hockensmith is an applicant. You also ask whether the Ethics Law
requires any disclosures. The Ethics Law restricts Ms. Hockensmith
from participation as to the hiring of a teacher in a position for
which she is also an applicant. The conflict of Ms. Hockensmith
extends not only to her application but all other applicants for
that position. The Commission has held that a conflict exists
where a public official participates so as to eliminate competitors
for a position. Pepper, Opinion 87 -008. Ms. Hockensmith must
satisfy the requirements of the Ethics Law as outlined above.
However, the other members of the committee would not have a
conflict under the Ethics Law when voting to fill a teaching
position for which Ms. Hockensmith is one of the applicants
provided that they nor an immediate family member would receive a
private pecuniary benefit as a result of such action.
Weldon, Donna S., Esquire, 95 -570
May 22, 1995
Page 6
You also ask at what point in the employment process must Ms.
Hockensmith resign her appointment to the AVTS Joint Operating
Committee. Under the Ethics Law, Ms. Hockensmith would have to
meet the requirements as outlined above. However, the Ethics Law
does not impose any requirements as to her resignation. Although
the employment in question would not be prohibited provided the
requirements of the Ethics Law were satisfied, a problem may exist,
as you are aware, under the Public School Code. Due to the
Commission's limited jurisdiction, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law; the
applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or
other code of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been
considered in that they do not involve an interpretation of the
Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability
of the Public School Code.
Conclusion: As members of the Cumberland -Perry AVTS Joint
Operating Committee, Ms. Hockensmith and the other members of the
committee are public officials subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. Although the Ethics Law would not prohibit Ms.
Hockensmith from being employed as a AVTS teacher provided the
restrictions above were followed, the Public School Code should
also be considered. The Ethics Law would not prohibit the other
members of the AVTS Joint Operating Committee from voting on Ms.
Hockensmith's teaching appointment subject to the limitation noted
above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa .Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAS transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Weldon, Donna S., Esquire, 95 -570
May 22, 1995
Page 7
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty
(30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
I c\ ncerely,
Vincent Dop
Chief Counsel