HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-537 CollieGeorge M.
Benchmark
3326 York
Furlong,
Collie
Realty
Road
PA 18925
Dear Mr. Collie:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 22, 1995
95 -537
Re: Former Public Official /Employee; Section 3(g); Township,
Supervisor, Real Estate Sales.
This responds to your letter of February 23, 1995, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a supervisor following
termination of service with a second class township.
Facts: You were a Township Supervisor for Buckingham Township
from January 1982 until December 28, 1994, when the Board
officially accepted your resignation at a public meeting. You
presently are employed as a licensed real estate sales person
working for a developer. Your duties include meeting with owners
of property for the purpose of purchasing their property, listing
and selling their property, or selling them property. You seek
advice as to restrictions under the Ethics Law concerning such
activities
Specifically, you ask if you are permitted to meet with
township residents to discuss purchasing their property. You also
ask if you may speak with township residents about selling them
property. You understand that, for one year, you cannot appear
before the Board of Supervisors, its Commissions, or employees in
a paid capacity, nor can you sign documents or letters that will be
presented to the township. You also understand that the above
conditions apply to telephone calls and ask if this is a correct
interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Discussion: As a Township Supervisor for Buckingham Township, you
were considered a "public official" within the definition of that
term as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
Collie, George M., 95 -537
March 22, 1995
Page 2
and the Regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code
§11.1.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became
a "former public official" subject to Section 3(g) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the Ethics Act
provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with Buckingham Township
must be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated
with the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service would be Buckingham
Township. The above is based upon the language of the Ethics Law,
the legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session,
No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this Commission.
Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a
former Division Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW)
was not merely restricted to the particular Division as was
contended but was in fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the
one year representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion
90- 009 -R, it was determined that a former legislative assistant to
Collie, George M., 95 -537
March 22, 1995
Page 3
a state senator was not merely restricted to that particular
senator but to the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with Buckingham Township, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would
apply and restrict representation of persons or new employers vis-
a-vis Buckingham Township.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. §1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
were associated is Buckingham Township.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Collie, George M., 95 -537
March 22, 1995
Page 4
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shav, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to Buckingham Township. However, you may not be identified on
documents submitted to Buckingham Township. You may also counsel
any person regarding that person's appearance before Buckingham
Township. Once again, however, the activity in this respect should
not be revealed to Buckingham Township. Of course, any ban under
Collie, George M., 95 -537
March 22, 1995
Page 5
the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude the making of general
informational inquiries of Buckingham Township to secure
information which is available to the general public. This must
not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
In Confidential Opinion 93 -005, the Commission held that
Section 3(g) precludes a former public official /employee from
providing consulting services to his former governmental body for
a period of one year after termination of service in that the
prohibition against representing a person includes the former
public official /employee representing himself.
Furthermore, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the "vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
As to the specific questions you posed, your meeting with
Buckingham Township residents to discuss purchasing their property,
listing and selling their property, and /or selling them property
would not be prohibited under the Ethics Law. As to your
understanding of the one -year prohibition of certain activities
with Buckingham Township, your attention is drawn to the above
explanation of the parameters of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a Township Supervisor, you were considered a
"public official" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination
Collie, George M., 95 -537
March 22, 1995
Page 6
of service with Buckingham Township, you became a "former public
official" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former
governmental body is Buckingham Township. The restrictions as to
representation outlined above must be followed. The propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of
Financial Interests be filed for the year following termination of
service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAX' transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within fifteen
(15) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
erely,
Vincent Dopko
Chief Counsel