HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-615 WilliardMargaret A. Williard
1565 Old Mountain Road
Wellsville, PA 17365
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Director, Division of
Capitation Policy and Program Development, DPW.
Dear Ms. Williard:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 29, 1994
94 -615
This responds to your letter of September 15, 1994, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of the Director of the
Division of Capitation Policy and Program Development following
termination of service with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Public Welfare.
Facts: As Director of the Division of Capitation Policy and
Program Development within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Public Welfare ( "DPW ") you request an advisory from
the State Ethics Commission. You will be leaving your present
position with DPW to join Keystone Health Plan Central effective
close of business September 16, 1994. Your duties with DPW consist
of contracting with managed care organizations throughout the state
to provide prepaid capitated health care to medical assistance
recipients. You have submitted a copy of your most current job
description, which document is incorporated herein by reference.
Having reviewed the Ethics Law, you state your assumption that
you will not be permitted to contact the Office of Medical
Assistance on behalf of Keystone Health Plan Central for a period
of one year, but you indicate that you are not sure what
restrictions may apply to the rest of DPW. Regarding your
interaction with the Office of Medical Assistance, you state your
assumption that your attendance at public meetings is permitted, as
long as you do not participate on behalf of Keystone Health Plan
Central. You seek an advisory as to whether your interpretation is
correct.
Williard, Margaret A., 94 -615
September 29, 1994
Page 2
Discussion: As the Director of the Division of Capitation Policy
and Program Development within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Public Welfare ( "DPW "), you are to be considered a
"public employee" within the definition of that term as set forth
in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations
of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code 511.1. This
conclusion is based upon the job description, which when reviewed
on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to
take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with
respect to contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting,
administering or monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing
or other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you have been associated while working with DPW must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
Williard, Margaret A., 94 -615
September 29, 1994
Page 3
must conclude that the governmental body with which you have been
associated upon termination of public service would be DPW,
including but not limited to the Division of Capitation Policy and
Program Development and the Office of Medical Assistance. The
above is based upon the language of the Ethics Law, the legislative
intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290,
291) and the prior precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli,
Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a former Division
Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely
restricted to the particular Division as was contended but was in
fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year representation
restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was
determined that a former legislative assistant to a state senator
was not merely restricted to that particular senator but to the
entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with DPW, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict
representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis DPW in its
entirety, including but not limited to the Division of Capitation
Policy and Program Development and the Office of Medical
Assistance.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Leaislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290,. 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. §1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
have been associated is DPW, including but not limited to the
Division of Capitation Policy and Program Development and the
Office of Medical Assistance.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
Williard, Margaret A., 94 -615
September 29, 1994
Page 4
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
Williard, Margaret A., 94 -615
September 29, 1994
Page 5
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shav, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3 (g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to DPW. However, you may not be identified on documents submitted
to DPW. You may also counsel any person regarding that person's
appearance before DPW. Once again, however, the activity in this
respect should not be revealed to DPW. Of course, any ban under
the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude the making of general
informational inquiries of DPW to secure information which is
available to the general public. This must not be done in an
effort to indirectly influence the former governmental body or to
otherwise make known to that body the representation of, or work
for the new employer.
Similarly, in response to your specific inquiry, the
prohibitions of Section 3(g) would not preclude your attendance at
public meetings of the Office of Medical Assistance, as long as you
do not participate on behalf of Keystone Health Plan Central and /or
otherwise indicate your employment or association with that entity.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
In Confidential Opinion 93 -005, the Commission held that
Section 3(g) precludes a former public official /employee from
providing consulting services to his former governmental body for
a period of one year after termination of service in that the
prohibition against representing a person includes the former
public official /employee representing himself.
Furthermore, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
Williard, Margaret A., 94 -615
September 29, 1994
Page 6
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code of
Conduct.
Conclusion: As the Director of the Division of Capitation Policy
and Program Development for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Public Welfare ( "DPW "), you are to be considered a
"public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination
of service with DPW, you would become a "former public employee"
subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former governmental
body is DPW in its entirety, including but not limited to the
Division of Capitation Policy and Program Development and the
Office of Medical Assistance. The restrictions as to
representation outlined above must be followed. The propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requester has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Fa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
Williard, Margaret A., 94 -615
September 29, 1994
Page 7
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by ?AI transmission (717 -787- 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within fifteen
(15) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
erely,
cent ., 1 Do¢ko
Chief Counsel