HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-594-S2 KriznerFrank P. Krizner, Esquire
County Solicitor
County of Butler
P.O. Box 1208
Butler, PA 16003 -1208
Dear Mr. Krizner:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 19, 1995
94- 594 -S2
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County Commissioner,
Member of County Retirement Board, Early Retirement Incentive
Program, Participation by Public Official /Employee,
Supplemental Advice.
This responds to your letters dated March 14 and March 30,
1995, in which you requested a second supplemental advice from the
State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law would
prohibit or restrict a county commissioner who is a member of the
county retirement board from voting and participating as to his own
election for early retirement incentive program and secondly,
whether Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law would permit such voting by
the commissioner if one or more members of the five member
retirement board has a conflict.
Facts: You seek a third advice as to the conduct of County
Commissioner James Green regarding an Early Retirement Incentive
Program. Previously, Advice of Counsel No. 94 -594 was issued on
August 22, 1994. Thereafter, Supplemental Advice No. 94 -594 -S was
issued on September 26, 1994. Advice No. 94 -594 provided the
general parameters under which James Green as Chairman of the
Butler County Board of Commissioners and Retirement Board would be
able to apply for an early retirement with the Advice delineating
specific conditions that had to be met before such participation
would be permissible under the Ethics Law. Thereafter, Advice No.
94 -594 -S dealt with the issue of Commissioner Green voting and
participating in the preparation of the Early Retirement Incentive
Program under the factual circumstance where he publicly stated
that he would not opt for the Early Retirement Plan. Those two
Krizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 2
prior Advices of Counsel are incorporated herein by reference as if
set forth fully herein.
You now write on behalf of Commissioner Green relative to his
participation in the Butler County Early Retirement Incentive
Program of 1994. You considered filing a declaratory judgement
action on the question but believe that such a proceeding would not
be proper in that it would be more appropriate for the State Ethics
Commission to address this issue.
You present the following factual outline which reflects your
view as to the events leading up to this third request on your
part:
"1. On July 8, 1994, the Governor signed House Bill 358 which
became Act 71 of 1994, known as the Early Retirement In-
centive Act.
2. On July 13, 1994, each member of the Butler County Re-
tirement Board was advised by Norman Pickering, Senior
Vice President of Hay /Huggins Company of the new Act and
of the related time limitations for participation. (Hay/
Huggins is engaged by the Retirement Board as its
actuary)
3. On July 18, 1994, Commissioner Green recognized a possi-
ble problem with the implementation of the Act as it re-
lated to two Retirement Board members and wrote to John
J. Contino for advice.
The question presented was:
"In view of the fact that two members of the
Retirement Board will be voting on an incen-
tive package from which they would benefit if
they take the early retirement, may they cast
a vote, or must they abstain from voting ?"
4. On July 20, 1994, the Ethics Commission declined to ad-
dress the issue because the request was not made by an
authorized person.
5. On July 22, 1994, Commissioner Green again submitted the
following request:
"As a member of the Retirement Board who will
be voting on the incentive package from which
I would benefit if I took advantage of the
early retirement under provisions of Act 71,
may I cast a vote, or must I abstain from
Krizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2.
April 19, 1995
Page 3
voting ?"
6. On July 26, 1994, Commissioner Green was notified that an
"advice" would be issued at a later date.
7. On August 12, 194, at a duly advertised regular quar-
terly meeting of the Retirement Board, Commissioner
Green, as Chairman of the Retirement Board, referenced
the information received from Hay /Huggins on July 25,
1994, regarding the new retirement incentive legislation
and opened the floor for discussion and questions.
8. At the Retirement Board meeting, after discussion, a
motion was made to "authorize the expenditures to Hay/
Huggins for the implementation of the early retirement
program." Commissioner Green seconded the motion. Upon
voting there was an abstention by a board member who
could participate in the program, one opposed, one absent
and two voted for the motion including Commissioner
Green. The abstaining board member was advised by her
solicitor to abstain. Commissioner Montgomery was on
vacation.
9. Commissioner Green asked my advice before his action and
I advised him that since the motion was only to pay for
an information gathering study regarding the retirement
incentive program, in my opinion, there would be no con-
flict of interest for Commissioner Green to participate
in the vote.
10. At the same meeting a further motion was made to:
"authorize Maher Duessel (the County's inde-
pendent auditors) to provide a proposal to
make an initial evaluation and in -house com-
prehensive study ?"
Commissioner Green seconded the motion. As in the prior
vote, there was one abstention, one absent, one opposed
and two affirmative votes, one of which was Commissioner
Green's.
(It must be noted that the Retirement Board is a five -
member board.)
11. On August 23, 1994, Commissioner Green confirmed in writ-
ing the action taken by the Retirement Board regarding
Maher Duessel's requested proposal to study the proposed
incentive program and their costs to conduct the study
and regarding the services to be provided by Hay /Huggins
Rrizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 4
in conjunction with the study to be done by Maher
Duessel.
12. On August 24, 1994, Commissioner Green received "the Ad-
vice of Counsel" 94 -594 dated August 22, 1994.
(Reference Paragraph 6 above)
13. "Advice of Counsel" 95 -594 set forth five requirements
that a public official who wishes to participate in an
early retirements program must observe. (Reference Para-
graph 6 above)
14. On August 25, 1994, Commissioner Green conveyed to all
Retirement Board members the "Advice of Counsel."
15. On August 30, 1994, Commissioner Green advised Mr. Dopko,
Chief Counsel of the Ethics Commission, that he agreed
with the answer presented by Advice of Counsel 94 -594 but
asked for further clarification.
16. By letter dated September 2, 1994, Commissioner Green was
informed that a Supplement to the Advice of Counsel 94-
594 would be issued at a later date.
17. On September 2, 1994, the secretary of the Retirement
Board was requested by the abstaining Retirement Board
member to make a notation to the official minutes of the
August 12, 1994, meeting regarding the reason for the
abstention.
18. On September 12, 1994, at a regular session of the Board
of Commissioners, Resolution No. 94 -24 providing for
Early Retirement Incentive for Butler County was passed.
Commissioner Green made a public statement regarding his
planned inactivity with the program and his reason for
abstention in any vote. A written notice of his inten-
tion to abstain from participating in the development of
the program was also submitted. Commissioner Green did
not vote on the motion. The motion was passed two yes
votes and one abstention. (It is to be noted the Board
of Commissioners is a three member board.)
19. By letter dated September 26, 1994, a supplemental Advice
of Counsel 95 -594 -S was transmitted. Commissioner Green
was advised, that his assumption, that a public renounc-
ing of benefits of the Early Retirement Program would
permit him to vote on the matter at the Retirement Board
meeting, was correct. (See item #16)
20. On October 3, 1994, at a special meeting of the Butler
Krizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 5
County Retirement Board the matter of the approval of
Resolution of the Butler County Board of Commissioners,
94 -24, was brought to the floor. After significant on
the record discussion a vote was called for on a motion
to approve the resolution.
21. At this point, the question for the consideration of the
Ethics Commissioner arises. In order to vote at this
time, the other Board Member who could participate in the
Early Retirement Incentive Program renounced her right to
all benefits. From the comments at the :meeting it became
evident therefore that the vote would be split evenly two
for, two against with the one abstention of Commissioner
Green. There would not be a majority vote either way and
the motion would be defeated by less than a majority vote
by inaction.
22. Commissioner Green recognized this scenario, publicly
renouced[sic] his right to participate in the Early
Retirement Program as the other qualified Board Member
had done and proceeded to vote in favor of the approval
of the Resolution 94 -24.
"I make the declaration now and will provide
this board with a coy[sic] of the Ethics
Commission advice as well as my statement that
I withdraw any interest . . ." (Minutes of
Retirement Board meeting of October 3, 1994)
The motion to approve the Resolution 94 -24 was
a three to two vote.
23. On October 4, 1994, Commissioner Green sent
memo to the secretary of the Retirement Board
his withdrawal from the benefits of the County
tirement Incentive Program.
"I will not participate in the Early Retire-
ment Incentive Program as provided by Act 71
of 1994."
passed on
a written
regarding
Early Re-
24. On my advice, Commissioner Green wrote to the Ethics Com-
mission on October 6, 1994, asking for a clarification of
your Advice of Counsel and Supplement as it pertains to
a tie vote on a five member board with one abstention for
Ethics Commission reasons relating to a conflict of
interest.
25. On October 12, 1994, Mr. Dopko responded to Commissioner
Green's request for clarification and declined to comment
Krizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 6
for two reasons. First, an advice was declined because
Commissioner Green did not inquire about his duties and
secondly, the request was not for future consideration.
26. On October 24, 1994, Commissioner Green again made his
request for clarification in terms that he believed were
in accord with Mr. Dopko's letter of October 12, 1994.
27. Again on November 30, 1994, Commissioner Green wrote to
Mr. Dopko concerning his participation in the Early Re-
tirement Incentive Program. This letter was prompted by
action of Mr. Norm Pickering of Hay /Huggins.
28. On December 5, 1994, Commission[sic] Green was again
informed that the Ethics Commission had declined to
provide the clarification he sought.
29. On December 29, 1994, Commissioner Green made his elec-
tion under the Butler County Early Retirement Program
which action qualified him for participation."
The Retirement Board now has before it the matter of
Commissioner Green's election to participate in the Early
Retirement Program and must decide whether to honor or reject that
election. You state that protracted litigation could occur which
would involve an interpretation of the provisions of the Ethics Law
and Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as applied to five - member
boards. After quoting Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law in part, you
state that there are two areas of interpretation under the Ethics
Law: the effect of the exception to the general rule in Section
3(j) that permits a party to vote on a matter as to which they will
benefit, where the majority or other legally required vote is
unattainable because of abstentions legally required or otherwise;
and second, the implied effect of the provision relating to a
three - member board as to action taken by a five - member board.
After concluding that one of the above two issues will
determine the course of conduct of the Retirement Board as to
Commissioner Green, you state that you can speculate and develop an
opinion on these issues but believe that this Commission was
created to advise and guide public officials in such areas. You
argue that Commissioner Green has kept his options open with
respect to Early Retirement participation by his timely election
and that the critical time will not be reached until Commissioner
Green actually retires in December of 1995 at which time it must be
decided if he is entitled to the incentive program as per the
resolution of the Board of Commissioners. After asserting that
Commissioner Green mistakenly renounced his rights to the incentive
in order to vote for the program, you conclude that he should be
entitled to claim the incentive. You state that the issue is
Rrizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 7
whether he was required by the Act to renounce his incentive rights
in order to vote for the program that provides benefits that would
apply to him as a member of the targeted potential retirees.
In a second letter of March 30, 1995, you state that
Commissioner Green was contacted by Norm Pickering, the actuary of
the Butler County Retirement Program, who advised Commissioner
Green that after review of Act 171 of 1995 and the correspondence
from the Commission, the view of Pickering is that there would be
no conflict. You further state that Pickering intends to advise
the Butler County Retirement Board that he is processing the
necessary paperwork in response to Commissioner Green's application
to participate in the Butler County Early Retirement Incentive
Program. After conceding that Mr. Pickering is not an authority
regarding an interpretation of conflict of interest, you note that
Pickering is an authority on Retirement Board matters. You note
that Pickering has advised Commissioner Green that he has been
voting for many years on pension board matters that increase
benefits for employees which include elected officials and himself.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Additionally, it is noted that a question exists regarding
Commissioner Green's election in this case in that Commissioner
Green has previously indicated that he would not participate in the
Early Retirement Incentive Program which formed the factual basis
for issuing Advice 94- 594 -S. That or any advisory only provides a
defense to the extent that the material facts are truthfully
disclosed as noted above. Further, there has been certain past
action in this case which is not addressed in this advisory format
which is limited to future prospective conduct only. Finally, it
is noted that as to item number 26 listed in the facts, there is no
record of the receipt of Mr. Green's letter of October 24, 1994
which explains the lack of any response.
As Commissioner for Butler County and the Retirement Board,
James Green is a public official as that term is defined under the
Ethics Law, and hence he is subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Rrizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 8
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest.." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
Rrizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 9
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91 -523 -S wherein it was noted:
"Thus, in order for this provision to be operative,
it is necessary that a sufficient number of public
officials who may have a conflict under the Ethics Law
would abstain so that the majority or legally required
vote could not be attained. To be specific, in the case
of a five member board, three public officials would have
to have a conflict under the Ethics Law in order for this
provision to become operative; in the case of seven
member board, it would be necessary for four public
officials to have a conflict under the Ethics Law in
order for this Section to become operative. Conversely,
in a five member board, the fact that one or two members
would have a conflict under the Ethics Law would be
insufficient basis under 3(j) for these members to vote
after disclosure since a majority or legally required
Krizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -S2
April 19, 1995
Page 10
Id at 4.
vote could still be attainable despite their abstention.
Further, the fact that the abstention by one member would
result in a 2 -2 deadlock as to the remaining four
member [s] is not a circumstance under Section 3(j) which
would allow voting. Such a situation would be similar to
a case where a five member board would be deadlocked due
to a resignation or absence of one of the board members."
In this case, Commissioner Green would have a conflict in
participating or voting as to his own election to opt for the Early
Retirement Program. Such participation or voting constitutes a use
of authority of office, Juliante, Order 809. Further, that use of
authority of office would result in a private pecuniary benefit
consisting of the retirement benefit which would accrue to
Commissioner Green himself. Therefore, such action would be
prohibited under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
As to the five member board, Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law
would only have application if three or more members of the board
had conflicts under the Ethics Law. See, Mlakar, supra.
Finally, the exclusionary provisions of Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law would not have application in this matter. First, the
Early Retirement Program benefit would not be a de minimis matter.
See Schweinsberq, Order 900. Further, the matter of Commissioner
Green's election is individual to him and therefore does not affect
a class or a subclass consisting of a group, occupation or industry
with more than one member. See Davis, Opinion 89 -012. Therefore,
Commissioner Green has a conflict, must abstain and must observe
the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j).
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Commissioner for Butler County for Butler County
Retirement Board, James Green is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would
prohibit James Green from participating in voting upon the
acceptance or rejection of his election to participate in the Early
Incentive Retirement Program. If the Retirement Board consisting
of five members is deadlocked, Section 3(j) would only have
application if three or more members of that Board would have a
conflict under the Ethics Law. The disclosure requirements of
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as noted above would have to be
Krizner, Frank P., Esquire, 94- 594 -52
April 19, 1995
Page 11
satisfied. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAS transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within fifteen
(15) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
cerely,
Vincent J. �••k
Chief Counse