HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-594 GreenSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 22, 1994
James A. Green, Chairman
Butler County Board of Commissioners
P.O. Box 1208
Butler, PA 16003 -1208
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County Commissioner,
Member of County Retirement Board, Early Retirement Incentive
Program, Participation by Public Official /Employee.
Dear Mr. Green:
94 -594
This responds to your letters of July 18, 1994 and July 22,
1994 in which you requested advice from the State Ethics
Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a county commissioner
who is a member of the county retirement board with regard to
adopting an early retirement incentive provision for members of the
county employees' retirement system where he would qualify to take
advantage of such an early retirement incentive and would benefit
from same.
Facts: As Chairman of the Butler County Board of Commissioners and
as a Member of the County Retirement Board, you request advice from
the State Ethics Commission. New legislation, specifically Act 71
of 1994, would permit the Retirement Board to approve an early
retirement incentive program for the Butler County employees who
qualify for retirement. You have submitted a copy of Act 71 of
1994 which is incorporated herein by reference. It is noted that
this legislation sets minimum eligibility standards for such an
early retirement provision, but otherwise allows significant
latitude to county commissioners /county councils and retirement
boards in establishing the specific requirements for taking
advantage of the early retirement provision.
Two of the Members of the Retirement Board, including
yourself, qualify to take advantage of the provisions of the new
legislation. You ask whether you would have a conflict of interest
Green, James A.,94 -594
August 22, 1994
Page 2
and would be required to abstain from participating as to such an
early retirement provision authorized by Act 71, in your capacity
as a Member of the Retirement Board who would benefit by taking
advantage of such an early retirement provision.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. 6S407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. 55407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts. The advisory is
limited in scope to addressing only the question(s) asked.
As Chairman of the Butler County Board of Commissioners and as
a Member of the Retirement Board for Butler County, Pennsylvania,
you are a public official as that term is defined under the Ethics
Law, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
Green, James A.,94 -594
August 22, 1994
Page 3
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment
with the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
Green, James A.,94 -594
August 22, 1994
Page 4
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
The State Ethics Commission must observe the stated purpose of
the Ethics Law which is to strengthen the faith and confidence of
people in their government by assuring the public that the
financial interests of the holders of or candidates for public
office do not present a conflict with the public trust.
It is initially noted that Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law
which pertains to contracts between a public official /public
employee and his governmental body would not apply to your inquiry
given that the above definition of "contract" specifically excludes
agreements or arrangements for retirement from current public
service.
Green, James A.,94 -594
August 22, 1994
Page 5
We will now address the propriety of the proposed conduct
under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law. A recognized concern arises
where a public program, funded with public monies and administered
through a public agency, political subdivision, or governmental
body is available to and is controlled by public officials or
employees of that agency or governmental body. Public concern and
criticism may arise if a public official or public employee who
serves a governmental body receives benefits under a program of
this nature.
It is clear that the Ethics Law, and in particular Section
3(a), was primarily designed to restrict the activity of a public
official or employee from using the authority of office for private
pecuniary benefit. However, as a general rule, the Ethics Law was
not enacted nor should it be interpreted to preclude public
officials or employees from participating in programs which might
otherwise be available to them. Wolff, Opinion 89 -030; Woodrina,
Opinion 90 -001.
In order to insure that a public official or employee is not
in a conflict when he seeks to participate in a program such as an
early retirement incentive program, he must observe the following:
1. play no role in establishing the terms and
conditions for the early retirement provision;
2. abstain from voting and other official action as to
the resolution for an early retirement provision
and as to the early retirement provision itself,
while publicly disclosing the reason for his
abstention as required by Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law set forth above;
3. play no role in the process of selecting and
reviewing applicants for early retirement under the
early retirement incentive program;
4. use no confidential information acquired
during the holding of public office to apply
for participation in the early retirement
incentive program; and
5. have no involvement with the administration of the
program.
Through application of the above criteria, the State Ethics
Commission has sought to eliminate the possibility that a public
official /employee who is seeking to participate in such a program
would be in a position to insure that the program benefits would be
available for his own benefit. Thus, a public official or public
Green, James A.,94 -594
August 22, 1994
Page 6
employee in such a situation should refrain from participating in
making decisions or recommendations about the program and regarding
distribution of the limited funds which might be available as a
result of such a program.
Expressly conditioned upon the assumption that you act in
conformance with the above criteria, you may apply for and
participate in the benefits associated with the early retirement
incentive program.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the County Code or the County
Pension Law.
Conclusion: As Chairman of the Butler County Board of
Commissioners and as a Member of the Retirement Board for Butler
County, Pennsylvania, you are a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would
not preclude you from applying for early retirement under an early
retirement incentive provision which may be adopted for Members of
the Butler County Employees' Retirement System pursuant to Act 71
of 1994, provided you play no role in establishing the terms and
conditions of the early retirement provision; abstain from voting
and other official action as to the resolution for an early
retirement provision and as to the early retirement provision
itself, while publicly disclosing the reason for your abstention as
required by Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law set forth above; play no
role in the process of selecting and reviewing applicants for early
retirement under the early retirement incentive program; use no
confidential information acquired during the holding of public
office to apply for participation in the early retirement incentive
program; and finally have no involvement with the administration of
the program. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and •
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Green, James A.,94 -594
August 22, 1994
Page 7
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission- A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the- date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h1) . The appeal may
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States
mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission. (71.7- 787 -0806) .
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within fifteen
(15) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
1
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel