HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-586 PealeDear Mr. Peale:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 29, 1994
Michael O'Hara Peale, Jr., Esquire
Timoney, Knox, Hasson & Weand
Attorneys at Law
P.O. Box 7544
400 Maryland Drive
Fort Washington, PA 19034 -7544
94 -586
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, School Director,
Attorney, Law Practice, Business with which Associated, Bond
Counsel to School District.
This responds to your letter of June 29, 1994 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a school director
who is a partner in a law firm which serves as special bond
counsel to the school district.
Facts: As solicitor of the Wissahickon School District (District)
and on behalf of School Director Russell C. Bellavance
(Bellavance) you seek an advisory opinion. On November 10, 1994
Bellavance was elected to the School Board with his term
beginning on December 8, 1993. Bellavance since February 1, 1985
has been a partner in the law firm of Saul, Ewing, Remick & Saul
which has served as special bond counsel to the District in
connection with the following nine bond issues:
(a) $9,975,000 General Obligation Bonds, Series of
1985;
(b) $4,250,000 General Obligation Bonds,
1987;
(c) $2,700,000 General Obligation Bonds,
1988;
Series of
Series of
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 2
(d) $4,999,202.35 General Obligation Bonds, Series of
1989;
(e) $9,998,377
1990;
(f) $3,760,000
1991;
(g) $2,750,000
1992;
General Obligation Bonds,
General Obligation Bonds,
General Obligation Bonds,
Series of
Series of
Series of
(h) $5,635,000 General Obligation Bonds, Series
of 1992 (Federally Taxable);
(i) $14,700,000 General Obligation Bonds, Series of
1993.
The above transactions were closed prior to Bellavance's
election to the School Board. Bellavance has stated that he has
performed no legal work regarding the transactions and the
initial engagement; continued representation by the law firm was
done with out Bellavance's efforts. The continued representation
by the law firm was the result of the District's satisfaction
with their service in the field of municipal finance as well as
the competitive fees charged. In addition to specific bond
financing, the firm also provides services relative to advice on
building projects, capital financing, tax laws and regulations.
The District has never been separately billed for related
services and no bill has been submitted nor fee paid since April
1993.
There have been some consultations with the law firm since
the last financing was completed on April 13, 1993, and the
District would like the firm to continue its relationship as Bond
Counsel regarding financing which is expected to be consummated
later in 1994. Given the continuing relationship between the
District and the law firm, no formal bidding or other selection
process is contemplated.
After reviewing the provisions•of the Ethics Law, you advise
that Bellavance and the law firm intend to take the following
steps: Bellavance will exclude himself from the partnership in
all instances where it serves as Counsel to the District with
Bellavance having no interest in any fees received by the law
firm and with Bellavance performing no work for the District; and
Bellavance will abstain from any vote relating to the
continuation of the firm, will not participate in any discussions
relating to the fees of the firm and will cause a statement
regarding his relationship with the law firm to be read into the
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 3
public record during the District meeting at which any matters
are discussed or voted.
You argue that the law firm under the above approach would
not be a business with which Bellavance is associated for
purposes of Section 3 of the Ethics Law on the theory that
Bellavance will have no financial interest in the firm when the
firm is representing the District, thereby creating the economic
equivalent of a separate partnership when the firm is acting in
such capacity. You assert that separate partnerships or non-
participation of a partner as to particular fees have been
approved by the Commission as an appropriate means to insure
compliance with the Ethics Law in Orders No. 597 and 659. You
conclude that the District may continue its relationship with the
law firm in connection with bond financing during Bellavance's
term without undertaking any public bidding or other selection
process to award a contract.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections
7(10) and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11),
advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which
the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does
not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does
it speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is
the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11).
An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor
has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As School Director for Wissahickon School District, Russell
C. Bellavance is a public official as that term is defined under
the Ethics Law, and hence he is subject to the provisions of that
law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 4
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in
business for profit which comprises more than
5% of the equity of the business or more than
5% of the assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 5
consideration of his current public
employment with the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or
administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this
subsection shall be voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the
contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of the law would
require that an open and public process must be used in all
situations where a public official /employee is otherwise
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 6
appropriately contracting with his own governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more.
This open and public process would require that the following be
observed as to the contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting
possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent
competitor/ applicant to be able to prepare and present
an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals
considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered
and accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public
official /employee may not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the
contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 7
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the provisions of Section 3(a) and 3(f) of the
Ethics Law to the instant matter, it is clear that the law firm
of Saul, Ewing, Remick & Saul is a business with which Bellavance
is associated since he is a partner in that firm. The fact that
Bellavance will exclude himself from the partnership when the law
firm acts as Counsel with no interest in any fees received does
not negate the fact that the law firm is a business with which
Bellavance is associated. The Ethics Law in its statutory
definitions provides no exception or exclusion regarding the term
business with which associated. In addition, the cited
Commission cases of Kulik, Order No. 597 and Bartle, Order 659
are totally inapposite for two reasons. First, the cited orders
did not involve a contracting issue which is present in the
instant matter. Second, neither of the two cited orders dealt
with or accepted any limitation as to the term business with
which associated merely because legal fees were placed into
segregated accounts from which the public official would receive
no funds.
Since the law firm is a business with which Bellavance is
associated, he would have a conflict under Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law regarding any matters that the law firm had with the
District, including but not limited to representation and the
approval of legal fees. Under such circumstances Bellavance
would have to abstain and observe the disclosure requirements of
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law noted above. In addition, since
the business with which Bellavance is associated would be
contracting with the District in such matters, the contracting
requirements of Section 3(f) noted above must be followed for all
contracts valued at $500 dollars or more. Therefore, you are
advised that the open and public process, as outlined in Section
3(f) above, must be followed.
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -58'6
July 29, 1994
Page 8
Lastly, you are advised that the conflict which Bellavance
would have regarding the business with which he is associated not
only extends to the law firm but to the clients of the law firm.
See Miller, Opinion No. 89 -024 and Kannebecker, Opinion No. 92-
010 wherein the full Commission held that a public official would
not only have a conflict as to the business with which he or she
was associated but also as to the clients of such business where
those clients would have matters before the governmental body.
In Rannebecker, super, the Commission held that an attorney
supervisor would have a conflict as to matters that his private
law clients would have before the township even though his legal
representation was as to unrelated matters.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the Public School
Code and Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: As School Director for Wissahickon School District,
Russell C. Bellavance is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Bellavance has a conflict under
Section 3 (a) as to all matters before the School District
involving the law firm of Saul, Ewing, Remick & Saul wherein
Bellavance is a partner. Bellavance would have a conflict as to
any matters before the School District involving clients of the
law firm. As to such conflicts, Bellavance must abstain and
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3 (j) of the
Ethics Law noted above. In addition, as to the contracts between
the law firm of Saul, Ewing, Remick & Saul and the School
District, all such contracts of $500 dollars or more must be
completed through an open and public process as required by
Section 3 (f) of the Ethics Law noted above. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if
Peale, Jr., Michael O'Hara, 94 -586
July 29, 1994
Page 9
you have any reason to challenge same, you may appeal
the Advice to the full Commission. A personal
appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and
a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be
actually received at the Commission within fifteen
(15) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa .Code 513.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787-
0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within fifteen (15) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
erely,
Vincent J.Eopko
Chief Counsel