HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-583 YacopecSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 22, 1994
Stephen Yacopec, Jr., Esquire
1706 Fifth Avenue
Arnold, PA 15068 94 -583
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Mayor, Third Class City,
Private Consulting Business, Clients, Land Development
Projects.
Dear Mr. Yacopec:
This responds to your letter of April 13, 1994, received June
13, 1994, in which you requested advice from the State Ethics
Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a third class city
mayor from voting upon land development projects by individuals or
businesses as to which the mayor has provided independent
consulting services.
Facts: As Solicitor for the City of Lower Burrell and on behalf of
the Mayor, an advisory is sought regarding whether the Ethics Law
poses any prohibition or restrictions upon a Mayor of a Third Class
City who has a private consulting business from voting upon land
use projects under the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code
(MPC) as to individuals or companies with whom the Mayor is hired
or may be hired to perform independent consulting work which is
unrelated to the land use projects.
The Mayor has an independent consulting business wherein he
advises various individuals and companies on the running of •
bakeries. In the future, there may be land development projects by
some of his clients which would come before the City Council.
Under the Third Class City Code, the Mayor is a member of Council
and therefore has the right to approve or deny land development
projects pursuant to the MPC. None of the Mayor's independent
consulting work has anything to do with land use matters which may
be presented before Council by his clients. The Mayor is concerned
if a situation arises where his participation or vote on a land use
Yacopec, Stephen, Jr., 94 -583
June 22, 1994
Page 2
project is owned by a company for whom he currently performs
consulting work or for whom he may be hired at some later date to
perform such work for a bakery business which may be placed on that
property. There is no contract with the Mayor's clients which
indicates that he would be hired to perform consulting work at the
site.
After citing Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law and the definition
of business with which associated, you conclude that the Mayor
would not be voting on a business with which he is associated under
the Act and, in that regard, you cite Smythe, Order 733, Smeal,
Order 743, and Shaffer, Order 751, in support of your position.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As Mayor for Lower Burrell City, the individual is a public
official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence he
is subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict ok interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
Yacopec, Stephen, Jr., 94 -583
June 22, 1994
Page 3
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
Yacopec, Stephen, Jr., 94 -583
June 22, 1994
Page 4
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Applying the provisions of the Ethics Law to the instant
matter, the Lower Burrell City Mayor would have a conflict
regarding land use and development projects or other matters
submitted by businesses or individuals to whom he provides
independent consulting business services. In Miller, Opinion 89-
024, the Commission held that a zoning hearing board officer who
worked for a private firm had a conflict regarding any matters
presented by that firm or its clients before her governmental body.
In addition, in Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010, the Commission held
that a township supervisor who was also an attorney had a conflict
as to any matters involving his law clients before the township
even though he represented the clients on totally unrelated
matters. In Amato, Opinion 89 -002, the Commission held that a
township commissioner would have a conflict voting on development
plans if he could legitimately and reasonably anticipate that by
voting on such plans that the developer would award a contract to
a general contractor who would engage subcontractors who in turn
would make purchases from a building supply company with which the
township commissioner was associated.
Therefore, based upon the prior precedent of the full Ethics
Commission as noted above, the Dower Burrell Mayor would have a
conflict as to his independent consulting business clients,
individuals or companies, who had land development projects or
other matters before a Borough Council and could not participate on
such matters. In addition he would be required to observe the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law noted
above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Yacopec, Stephen, Jr., 94 -583
June 22, 1994
Page 5
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Mayor for Lower Burrell City, the individual is a
public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Under
the Ethics Law, the Lower Burrell Mayor would have a conflict as to
his independent consulting business clients, individuals or
companies, who had land development projects or other matters
before a Borough Council and could not participate on such matters.
The disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law must
be satisfied. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within fifteen (15) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
ncerely, �
Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel