HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-579 AleciEugene L. Aleci, AIA
Architetto -Aleci
355 West Orange Street
Lancaster, PA 17603
Dear Mr. Aleci:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 21, 1994
94 -579
Re: Former Public Official; Section 3(g); City; Consulting
Services.
This responds to your letter of June 8, 1994, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a former city council
member following termination of service with the city.
Facts: You inquire about the possibility of contracting for
services with the City of Lancaster as a Professional Consultant.
The City is seeking professional consulting services for the
preparation of a Historic Resources Survey for which you are well
qualified. The contract would be with the City of Lancaster and
administered by the Department of Housing and Community
Development, Bureau of Planning. Funding for the project will come
from the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC), and
in part from the City's Community Development Block Grant (CDBG)
funding with an approximate total contract expense of $18,000.
According to the Request for Proposal (RFP) of the City, the
"Contract will be subject to the rules and regulations of the US
Department of Housing and Urban Development (USHUD) and the PHMC,
including those involving non - discrimination, conflict of interest,
and acknowledgement of state and /or federal assistance in all
publications.:
You have served as an elected City Member from January
1, 1990 to January 1, 1994. Near the end of term of your office,
in November 23, 1993 at a City Council Meeting, there was a vote by
Council to approve a resolution authorizing the City's application
to the PHMC for a $20,000 grant under PHMC's Certified Local
Government (CLG) program, "to be used for various Historical
Aleci, Eugene L., 94 -579
June 21, 1994
Page 2
Architectural Review Board (HARB) purposes." During that vote you
abstained and acknowledged the possibility that you would work as
an architect and could have some relationship with cases before the
City's HARB. The resolution did pass with a 6 -0 vote with your
abstention as recorded in Council's Meeting Minutes. At the time
you did not know what involvement you would have. From speaking
with the Planning Bureau, you understand that an element of the
grant application relates to work of a subject consultant services
contract. You are not sure how definitely this specific use
activity was defined at the time of the vote, and you voted to
approve the City's annual budgets from 1991 to 1994 and the CDBG
budgets for 1990 -91 through 1993 -94, and, to the best of your
recollection, you did not abstain from any of those votes.
In response to the City's RFP, you have submitted a proposal
to provide consulting services wherein you noted that you would
seek an opinion on a potential conflict of interest, and would
withdraw the proposal, or withdraw from the contract, if any valid
contract would be determined to exist.
You would appreciate any clarification on the question, and in
general, regarding all potential consulting contracts with the City
to the extent possible without specified details of those
contracts. You conclude by requesting a prompt response since the
City intends to select the consultant for the particular contract
by June 24, 1994 with services beginning by July 15, 1994 with
contract execution anticipated between those times.
Discussion: As a Councilman for City of Lancaster, you were to be
considered a "public official" within the definition of that term
as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and the
Regulations of the Commission. 65 P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code 511.1.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public official" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with the City of Lancaster
must be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions
Aleci, Eugene L., 94 -579
June 21, 1994
Page 3
associated with the concept and term of "representation" must be
reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service would be City of
Lancaster including all Bureaus and Commissions. The above is
based upon the language of the Ethics Law, the legislative intent
(Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291)
and the prior precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli,
Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a former Division
Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely
restricted to the particular Division as was contended but was in
fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year representation
restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was
determined that a former legislative assistant to a state senator
was not merely restricted to that particular senator but to the
entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with City of Lancaster, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply
and restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
City of Lancaster.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
Aleci, Eugene L., 94 -579
June 21, 1994
Page 4
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. 51901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
were associated is City of Lancaster.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion '89-005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
Aleci, Eugene L., 94 -579
June 21, 1994
Page 5
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shav, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to City of Lancaster. However, you may not be identified on
documents submitted to City of Lancaster. You may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before the City of
Lancaster. Once again, however, the activity in this respect
should not be revealed to the City of Lancaster. Of course, any
ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude the making
of general informational inquiries of the City of Lancaster to
secure information which is available to the general public. This
must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
In Confidential Opinion 93 -005, the Commission held that
Aleci, Eugene L., 94 -579
June 21, 1994
Page 6
Section 3(g) precludes a former public official /employee from
providing consulting services to his former governmental body for
a period of one year after termination of service in that the
prohibition against representing a person includes the former
public official /employee representing himself.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Therefore based upon Confidential Opinion, 93 -005 supra,
wherein the Commission determined that a former public
official /employee could not provide consulting services to his
former governmental body via contract within a period of one year
after termination of service, you are advised that the Ethics Law
would specifically prohibit your submitting an RFP to the City of
Lancaster to provide consulting services.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a City Council Member of the City of Lancaster, you
are to be considered a "public official" as defined in the Ethics
Law. Upon termination of service with the City of Lancaster, you
would become a "former public official" subject to Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law. The former governmental body is the City of
Lancaster including all Bureaus and Commissions. The restrictions
as to representation outlined above must be followed. The Ethics
Law would prohibit you for a period of one year after termination
of service from submitting a contract or from providing consulting
services to your former governmental body. The propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
Aleci, Eugene L., 94 -579
June 21, 1994
Page 7
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within fifteen (15) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
rcere
,
Vincent . llopko
Chief Counsel