HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-569 McTiernanSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 2, 1994
Robert L. McTiernan, Esquire
Solicitor, Municipality of Bethel Park
Tucker Arensberg, P.C.
1500 One PPG Place
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee,
Rezoning, Property, Developer, Bank,
Associated.
Dear Mr. McTiernan:
94 -569
Borough, Council,
Business with which
This responds to your letter of May 2, 1994 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough
councilmember from voting on the rezoning of certain property
wherein the developer of the property may obtain financing from a
bank in which the councilmember is a branch manager.
Facts: After Judith A. Lorigan (Lorigan), a Councilmember in
Bethel Park, received Advice of Counsel 94 -533 on the issue of
whether she may vote on the rezoning of certain property in Bethel
Park, certain developments have occurred which require
clarification. Further, important facts were not submitted in the
prior advice.
The rezoning issue which will be revoted by Council at its
regular monthly meeting on Monday, May 9, 1994, involves a tract of
land in Bethel Park comprised of ninety -six (96) acres of,which
eighty (80) are owned by the Bethel Park School District. The
property is currently zoned R1 and R3 for residential use but a
request has been made by the School District to rezone the property
to C -D as a conservation district. The local zoning ordinance for
a conservation district permits uses such as farming, single family
detached dwellings, golf courses and lakes; however, the School
District has requested that the zoning ordinance be amended to
permit additional recreational uses such as skating rinks. The
McTiernan, Robert L, Esquire, 14 -569
June 2, 1994
Page 2
property in question is not owned by the developer but by the
School District which has not successfully sold the property to the
developer.
Council will address the issues of whether the area should be
rezoned from residential to a conservation district and whether the
zoning ordinance should be amended to allow for a skating rink in
the conservation district.
The School District has proposed to sell a four acre parcel of
property to the developer to construct an ice skating rink which is
proceeding as a private sale pursuant to Section 707(3) of the
School Code, 24 P.S. S7- 707(3). In order for the sale to go
forward, a hearing must be held in Common Pleas Court with public
input. The sale has not yet been approved but a hearing has been
scheduled in Common Pleas Court. A sale may not be completed
without permission of the Court and a decision has not been made by
the Court. A representative of the developer who is working with
the School District mentioned to Lorigan a plan to utilize Integra
Bank, in which Lorigan is a branch manager, for financing.
Inquiry is made as to whether Lorigan may vote with respect to
the zoning issues in light of the fact that the developer has
indicated that he plans to use Integra. Bank for financing. After
referencing Advice 94 -533, you conclude that Lorigan may vote on
the issues based upon advice which you rendered as Solicitor.
Although you indicate that your advice letter was enclosed with the
May 2, 1994 request, no attachment was submitted with your letter.
You conclude that the decision Bethel Park Council will make
with respect to the rezoning is substantially removed from any
decision of the developer to use Integra Bank for financing. You
further argue that if Council rezones the large tract including the
School District property as a conservation district and permits
certain recreational uses, it does not confer any direct economic
benefit on Integra Bank or Lorigan for the four proffered reasons
below.
First, the decision to rezone does not guarantee that the
School District will sell or be able to sell the property to the
developer. The School District must vote to sell the property
which is independent of any zoning, decision. Any possible sale
needs approval by the Court of Common Pleas after full public
hearing. Any decision to involve the developer is at least two
steps removed from the decision by Council.
Second, if the property is successfully sold, an application
for conditional use must be made and approved by the planning
committee. The decision then would have to be submitted for a
separate vote to Bethel Park Council.
McTiernan, Robert L, Esquire, 94 -569
June 2, 1994
Page 3
Third, if the developer uses Integra Bank for financing, such
action would not involve Lorigan's branch. Lorigan would not have
any involvement in making any loans nor would she receive any
credit compensation or advancement as result of the use of Integra
Bank by the developer.
Fourth, the developer would have to make a definite commitment
to obtain financing through Integra Bank.
Based upon the above arguments, you conclude that the
utilization of Integra Bank is at least four steps removed from any
decision of Council: as to the decision of the School District to
sell the property; as to the decision of the Court to approve the
sale; as to a decision to permit a special conditional use and as
to a decision by the developer to use Integra Bank which would not
directly benefit Lorigan or her branch.
You conclude that any decision of Council on the zoning issue
is further removed from any financial benefit, as in the Amato
case, so that Lorigan should be permitted to vote. You argue that
a ruling of ineligibility for Lorigan could impact on the ability
of any local business person to serve on Council. Further, any
time a decision is made by council to rezone property, which could
lead to the sale of property to a third person who could become a
customer or user of any local businesses services, would prevent
any independent business person from voting on any zoning issue and
effectively exclude an entire class of potential public officials.
You seek a ruling that Lorigan may be permitted to vote on the
zoning issues even if a particular developer expresses a definite
intention to use the bank in which she is a branch manager.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §5407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §S407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Council Member of Bethel Park, Lorigan is a public
official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
she is subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
McTiernan, Robert L, Esquire, ' =569
June 2, 1994
Page 4
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
McTiernan, Robert L, Esquire, , 94.569
June 2, 1994
Page 5
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the provision of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law to
the instant matter, Amato, Opinion 89 -002 sets forth the principle
that a public official may not participate or vote on a matter,
wherein a financial relationship exists or could reasonably and
legitimately be anticipated to exist, between a developer and the
business with which the public official is associated. Although
you argue that the instant matter is more removed from the
situation in the Amato case, given the need for the School District
to sell the property, the need for the Court to give the requisite
approval, the need for the grant of a special conditional use and
the need by the developer to utilize Integra Bank, there is a
fundamental difference between the facts in Amato and the instant
matter. In Amato, after a project received a recommendation from
the planning commission, it was necessary for the township to
render approval after which the developer would hire a general
contractor who would hire various subcontractors who in turn could
contact the public official in his capacity as a sales manager for
a building supply company. The Commission there noted that the
McTiernan, Robert L, Esquire? .94-569
June 2, 1994
Page 6
voting for the development project would not result in any
identifiable subcontractor who would be dealing with the official's
company.
In this case, you have stated that the developer has expressed
an intention to utilize Integra Bank for financing. It is clear
that Integra Bank is a business with which Lorigan is associated as
per the statutory definition quoted above. Thus, although the
principals in Amato applies, the facts and results in Amato are
distinguishable from the instant case.
Further, the fact that there are several intermediary steps
before the finalization of the development plan is not necessarily
operative on the question of whether a conflict exists. Thus, for
example, it is possible for a development plan to be reasonably
assured of approval even though there are numerous steps in the
process whereas in another case a development plan could be
reasonably assured of disapproval even if there were only one step
in the process.
Likewise, it is not relevant under the Ethics Law that the
financing would not go to Lorigan's branch office of Integra. See
AncTelini, Order 677 where the Commission found that a Mellon Bank
Vice President violated Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law when she
participated as a Councilmember in various matters concerning
Mellon Bank and one of its branch offices. Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law merely requires a private pecuniary benefit, in this
case the interest income from the financing, be obtained by the
business with which associated.
What is being asked in the instant matter is for a factual
conclusion that Lorigan could not reasonably or legitimately
anticipate from her vote on the rezoning issue that the developer
would obtain financing from Integra Bank, a business with which
Lorigan is associated. As noted above, in an advisory format, it
is not a province to investigate the facts nor to make factual
conclusions as to the state of mind of Lorigan regarding the
circumstances of this case.
Therefore, Lorigan would not be prohibited under Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Act from voting on the proposed rezoning where the
developer has expressed an intention to obtain financing from a
bank with which Lorigan is associated provided that as a factual
matter there would be no reasonable and legitimate anticipation by
Lorigan of a financial relationship between the developer and the
business with which she is associated relative to her voting on the
zoning matter.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
McTiernan, Robert L, Esquire, 94 -569
June 2, 1994
Page 7
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Council Member for Bethel Park, Judith A. Lorigan,
is a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Lorigan would not be prohibited under Section 3(a) of the Ethics
Act from voting on the proposed rezoning where the developer has
expressed an intention to obtain financing from a bank with which
Lorigan is associated provided that as a factual matter there would
be no reasonable and legitimate anticipation by Lorigan of a
financial relationship between the developer and the business with
which she is associated relative to her voting on the zoning
matter. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787- 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within fifteen (15) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
erely,
Vincent J . opko
Chief Counsel