HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-566 ReillyJ. Thomas Reilly, P.E.
President
The EADS Group
Neilan Engineers Division
P.O. Box 837
1065 Tayman Avenue
Somerset, PA 15501
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 26, 1994
94 -566
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough Engineer, Use of
Authority of Office or Confidential Information, Business with
which Associated, Owner of Land in Borough, Sale of Land to
School District, Opinion to Borough regarding Land Use.
Dear Mr.Reilly:
This responds to your letter of April 26, 1994 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough engineer
from providing an opinion to the borough regarding a school
district's use of land that is the subject of a contract for sale
from a business with which the engineer is associated to the school
district.
Facts: Your firm, Neilan Engineers Division (NED), is the
appointed Consulting Engineer for Somerset Borough (Borough) and as
such, you, and R. Eric Critchfield, as principal owners of Neilan
Engineers Division, represent the Borough.
Both you and Mr. Critchfield, along with several other
employees, indirectly own FADS Development Partnership, which owns
land in the Borough. This group of employees of NED along with
employees of EADS, NED's parent company, indirectly have a 27%
interest in EADS Development Partnership. Somerset Area School
District is planning to build a new elementary school on a parcel
of ground adjacent to the EADS Development Partnership property and
as part of the District's development, a right -of -way will be
required across the property of FADS Development Partnership.
Reilly, J. Thomas, 94 -566
May 26, 1994
Page 2
In its capacity as Consulting
Mr. Critchfield, will be called
opinions as to whether the Borough
necessary capacity to accommodate
EADS Development Partnership has negotiated the sale of this
right -of -way to the Somerset Area School District for a price of
$9,900.00. The right -of -way is 40 feet wide by 500 feet long.
The sale was negotiated even though EADS Development
Partnership does not want the District going across its land; EADS
wanted to avoid condemnation proceedings. The sale of the right -
of -way will be finalized upon the District obtaining all local and
state approvals.
Engineer, NED, and in particular
upon by the Borough to render
water and sewer system have the
the proposed school.
You state this possible action raises the following question:
Is it a violation of the State Ethics Act for NED employees to
render an opinion to the Borough with regard to the Somerset Area
School District meeting the necessary Borough approvals? Based
upon the above, you request an advisory from the State Ethics
Commission.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections
7(10) and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11),
advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which
the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does
not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does
it speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Pursuant to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law of
June 26, 1989, Act No. 9, the Commission may only administer the
Act as to public officials, public employees, candidates for public
office and other persons involved in official activity with the
above persons. The authority of the Ethics Commission to issue an
opinion /advice regarding a person's duties under the Ethics Law is
limited by statute, to those persons who request it relative to
their duties or to the appointing authority of such persons or the
employer of such persons at the request of the appointing authority
or employer. Thus, the Commission cannot issue an opinion /advice
concerning the duties of a public official /employee under the
Ethics Law unless the request is made by one of the above
authorized persons or entities.
In this case, an advisory may be issued only as to your
conduct and cannot address the Ethics Act as to Mr. Critchfield or
Reilly, J. Thomas, 94 -566
May 26, 1994
Page 3
any other NED employee.
As an Engineer for Somerset Borough, you are a public employee
as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are
subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
Reilly, J. Thomas, 94 -566
May 26, 1994
Page 4
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in business
for profit which comprises more than 5% of the
equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
•
Reilly, J. Thomas, 94 -566
May 26, 1994
Page 5
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
You are further advised that the use of authority of office is
more than the mere mechanics of voting and encompasses all of the
tasks needed to perform the functions of a given position. See,
Juliante, Order No. 809. Use of authority of office includes
discussing, conferring with others, lobbying for a particular
result and /or any other use of the authority of office in which the
result would be a private pecuniary benefit to a business with
which a public official or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
In applying the Ethics Law to this case, it is noted that the
Ethics Law, pursuant to Section 3(a), prohibits a public official
from using the authority of office public office or confidential
information received by holding a public office for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official, any member of his
immediate family, or any business with which the public official or
a member of his immediate family, or any business with which the
public official or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In this case EADS is clearly a business with which you are
associated as that term is defined under the Ethics Law. Further
advising the borough on whether the proposed school project may be
accommodated by the Borough water /sewer system is a use of
authority of office. Juliante, Order 809.
The question becomes whether such use of authority of office
will result in a� private pecuniary benefit to the business with
which you are associated.
In this case, your advice could impact upon whether the
Borough will give the necessary approval which will in turn affect
the finalization of the sale of the right -of -way by EADS to the
District. If that sale occurs, EADS will receive $9,900.00.
Accordingly, you would have a conflict as to participating or
Reilly, J. Thomas, 94 -566
May 26, 1994
Page 6
advising as borough engineer as to the District project, the
capacity of the Borough water /sewer system to accommodate the
project, the right -of -way and the granting of approval for the
project. You must observe and follow the disclosure requirement
of Section 3(j) noted above.
In Deemer, Order 905, the Commission held that a municipal
engineer violated Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law when he
participated as to municipal decisions regarding development plans
or modules wherein he as a private engineer or his business, his
engineering firm, performed certain engineering services for
private clients who submitted such plans. In Brooks, Opinion 89-
023, the Commission held that a school director who was employed by
an architectural firm that was project manager for a school
construction project had a conflict as to the project, its
financing, and the performance of contractors and the architectural
firm. See also Rannebecker, Opinion 92 -010; Miller, Opinion 89-
024.
As noted above, your participation or advice to borough
council could impact upon whether EADS will sell the right -o -way to
the District. The argument the EADS is reluctant to sell is not
relevant since notice or intent is not a condition for the
applicability of the Ethics Law. Yacobet v. SEC, 109 Pa. Commw.
Ct. 432, 531 A.2d 536 (1987).
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Engineer for Somerset Borough, you are a public
employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Law would prohibit your participation or involvement
as borough engineer as to a school project which involves the sale
of a right -of -way by the business with which you are associated to
the School District. The restrictions of Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law must be followed. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Reilly, J. Thomas, 94 -566
May 26, 1994
Page 7
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file the
appeal at the Commission within fifteen (15) days may result in the
dismissal of your appeal.
cerely,
■ '.
Vincent , . Dopko
Chief Counsel