HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-563 Cherry7
94 -563
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 22, 1994
The Honorable John F. Cherry
Dauphin County District Attorney
Harrisburg, PA 17105 -1109
Re: Simultaneous Service, Member of Borough Council and Senior
Deputy District Attorney.
Dear Mr. Cherry:
This responds to your letter of March 21, 1994, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law imposes
any prohibition or restrictions upon a President of Borough Council
from also serving or being employed as a Senior Deputy District
Attorney.
Facts: Recently, you have had discussions with Attorney Michael
Rozman concerning the possibility of his filing a position as a
Senior Deputy District Attorney in the Dauphin County District
Attorney's Office. Mr. Rozman had several years experience as a
Deputy District Attorney prior to entering the private practice of
law. Mr. Rozman also serves as Council President of the Borough of
Steelton, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania. He receives $2,000.00 per
year for his duties.
In that your office desires to avoid any appearance of
impropriety or conflict with regard to hiring Mr. Rozman as a
Senior Deputy District Attorney while he continues to maintain his
position as Borough Council President, you have requested that the
State Ethics Commission provide your office with a written advisory
opinion as to whether a conflict would exist if Mr. Rozman
maintains his position on Borough Council while being employed on
the staff of the Dauphin County District Attorney's Office.
Pursuant to a telephone conference with Assistant Counsel on April
14, 1994, you confirmed that Mr. Rozman has authorized you to make
this request on his behalf.
Discussion: As a President of Borough Council for the Borough of
Steelton, Mr. Rozman is a "public official" as that term is defined
Cherry, The Honorable John F., 94 -563
April 22, 1994
Page 2
in the Ethics Law and hence he is subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §11.1. As a Senior Deputy
District Attorney, Mr. Rozman would become a public employee as
that term is defined by the Ethics Law and would be subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law in that position as well.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
any thing of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept any thing of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Cherry, The Honorable John F., 94 -563
April 22, 1994
Page 3
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because, a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
Cherry, The Honorable John F. 14 -563 --
April 22, 1994
Page 4
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict arising if Mr. Rozman were to serve both as a public
official /employee and as Senior Deputy District Attorney.
Basically, the Ethics Law does not state that it is inherently
incompatible fora public official /employee to serve or be employed
as a Senior Deputy District Attorney. The main prohibition under
the Ethics Law and Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that one
may not serve the interests of two persons, groups, or entities
whose interests may be inherently adverse. Smith Opinion, 89 -010.
In the situation outlined above, Mr. Rozman would not be serving
entities with interests which are inherently adverse to each other.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, pursuant to
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee
is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment
or confidential information received by holding such a public
position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. Should a situation arise where the use of
authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding the above public positions could result in a
prohibited private pecuniary benefit, a conflict of interest would
arise. In each instance of a conflict of interest, he would be
required to fully abstain and to publicly announce and disclose the
abstention and the reasons for same in a written memorandum filed
with the appropriate person (supervisor or secretary who keeps the
minutes). If such a situation would arise, additional advice may
be sought from the Commission.
Parenthetically, it is noted that the County Code provides in
part:
No district attorney shall be eligible to a seat in
the Legislature or to any other office under the laws and
Constitution of the Commonwealth, excepting an office or
commission in the militia of the Commonwealth, during his
continuance in office.
16 P.S. 51401(f), 16 P.S. 54401(c), 65 P.S. 57.
In all cases where more than one assistant district
attorney is appointed, the district attorney shall
designate one of such assistants as his first assistant.
Such first assistant or the assistant district attorney
where only one is appointed shall, in the absence of the
district attorney from the jurisdiction or during his
disability to perform the duties of his office through
sickness or other cause, be vested with all the duties,
Cherry, The Honorable John F..,.,. 94 -563
April 22, 1994
Page 5
powers and privileges given by law to the district
attorney, and generally, at such time, be empowered to do
and perform all things in connection with his office
which the district attorney may by law be entitled to do
or perform. In case of any such incapacity of the
district attorney-or his first assistant, or both, any or
all such duties, powers and privileges may be done by
such other assistant district attorneys, if any, as may
be designated by the district attorney.
16 P.S. §1421
No elected county officer or county solicitor shall,
at the same time, serve as a member of the legislative
body-of any city, borough, town or township of any class,
nor as treasurer or tax collector of any city, borough,
incorporated town or township, nor as school director of
any school district, nor as a member of any board of
health.
16 P.S. 5402(a), 65 P.S. S14.
However, since it is not within the jurisdiction of the Ethics
Commission to interpret the County Code, it is recommended that Mr.
Rozman seek the advice of private counsel as to applicability, if
any, of that.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed is the applicability of the County and Borough Code.
Conclusion: As President of Borough Council for the Borough of
Steelton, Mr. Michael Rozman is a "public official" subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. As a Senior Deputy District
Attorney, he would become a "public employee" subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law in that position also. As a public
official / employee, he may, consistent with Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law, simultaneously serve in the positions of Borough
Council President and Senior Deputy District Attorney, subject to
the restrictions, conditions and qualifications set forth above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
Cherry, The Honorable John F ;8�4
April 22, 1994
Page 6
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806).
cerely,
incentVJ . Dopko
Chief Counsel