HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-533 LoriganJudith A. Lorigan
7090 Dumbarton Place
Bethel Park, PA 15102
94 -533
Dear Ms. Lorigan:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 28, 1994
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Member of Council, Use of
Authority of Office or Confidential Information, Bank Manager,
Vote, Zoning Change, Construction by School District,
Contractor obtaining Financing from Bank.
This responds to your letter of February 25, 1994 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a Council Member who
is a Manager of a Bank from voting on a zoning change so that the
school district will be able to construct a skating rink with the
contractor obtaining financing from the bank.
Facts: You are a Member of Council for Bethel Park, which you
describe as a Home Rule Municipality. You are also employed by
Integra Bank /Pittsburgh as Manager of the branch office in Bethel
Park. Integra Bank operates 252 branch offices in western
Pennsylvania.
Bethel Park Council will be voting on a zoning change
regarding the development of the skating rink. You state that the
community is divided on the issue.
At a recent meeting with the Bethel Park School Board and
developers of a newly proposed skating rink to be constructed on
school grounds, the developer indicated that Integra Bank would be
providing the financing for the project. Even though the financing
and other accounts of the developers are corporate accounts and
have nothing to do with your branch, and you do not believe that
there is a conflict of interest since your branch receives no
credit nor do you personally benefit, you nevertheless seek an
advisory from this Commission. You indicate that if the developer
had not mentioned financing, you never would have known of the
Lorigan, Judith A., 94 -533
March 28, 1994
Page 2
proposed transaction with the bank. You state that borrowing such
as these are maintained and financed through the headquarter loan
offices and never involve branch managers.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. S5407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. 55407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Council Member for Bethel Park, you are a public official
as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are
subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or .employment or any .
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business ,with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
Lorigan, Judith A., 94 -533
March 28, 1994
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director,- officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three- member governing body of a political
Lorigan, Judith A., 94 -533
March 28, 1994
Page 4
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
You are further advised that the use of authority of office is
more than the mere mechanics of voting and encompasses all of the
tasks needed to perform the functions of a given position. See,
Juliante, Order No. 809. Use of authority of office includes
discussing, conferring with others, lobbying for ".a particular
result and /or any other use of the authority of office in which the
result would be a private pecuniary benefit to a business with
which a public official or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
In applying the Ethics Law to this case, it is noted that the
Ethics Law, pursuant to Section 3(a), prohibits a public official
from using the authority of - public, office or . confidential
information received by holding a public office for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official, any member of his
immediate family, or any business with which the public official or
a member of his immediate family, or any business with which the
public official or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In Amato, Opinion 89 -002, the issue before the Commission was
whether a first class township commissioner could vote on
development projects where the developers hire general contractors
who hire subcontractors who contract with a business with which
that Commissioner was associated. The State Ethics Commission held
that since a financial relationship developing between a
subcontractor and the commissioner's company could not be
reasonably and legitimately anticipated, the activity being twice
removed from the commissioner's initial vote, and further, given
the fact that the commissioner worked for his company on a straight
salary rather than on a commission basis, the commissioner was not
Lorigan, Judith A., 94 -533
March 28, 1994
Page 5
prohibited from voting on the project.
In this case, if it is factually true that there is no
reasonable expectation of the development of a relationship between
the bank and the contractor, the Ethics Law would not prohibit you
from voting on the zoning change.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Optional Home Rule Charter Law.
Conclusion: As Member of Bethel Park Council, you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. In this
case, subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth
above, the Ethics Law would not prohibit you from voting on the
zoning change issue. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806).
cerely,
)07v(4-d
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel