HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-513 SellersLinda M. Sellers
R.D. #1, Box 265
Turbotville, PA
Dear Ms. Sellers:
17772
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 14, 1994
This responds to your letter of January 18, 1994
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a member
board whose husband operates a business in the same
which the school district is located.
94 -513
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, School Board Director,
Immediate Family, Spouse, Contractor within Township.
in which you
Ethics Law
of a school
township in
Facts: You are a resident of Anthony Township, Montour County.
You are also a School Board Director for the Warrior Run School
District which is located, in part, in Anthony Township. Your
husband is the sole proprietor of an excavating business which is
also located in Anthony Township.
Due to the fact that an Anthony Township supervisor is
publicly stating that your husband cannot work for the township in
any capacity which is claimed to be a conflict and a violation of
the Ethics Law, given that you are on the school board from Anthony
Township, you request a written advisory to present to the township
to resolve the matter.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11). An
Sellers, Linda M., 94 -513
February 14, 1994
Page 2
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requester has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Member of the Warrior Run School District, you are a
public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and
hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or - public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he . or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment. The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
_duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Immediate family."
child, brother or sister.
"Business with which
Any business in which the
A parent, spouse,
he is associated."
person or a member
Sellers, Linda M., 94 -513
February 14, 1994
Page 3
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest. Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in business
for profit which comprises more than 5% of the
equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment
with the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
Sellers, Linda M., 94 -513
February 14, 1994
Page 4
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of law would require
that an open and public process must be used in all situations
where a public official /employee is otherwise appropriately
contracting with his own governmental body, or subcontracting with
any person who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. This open and public
process would require that the following be observed as to the
contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting
possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor/
applicant to be able to prepare and present an
application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals
considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and
accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public
official /employee may not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or .administration of the
contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
Sellers, Linda M., 94 -513
February 14, 1994
Page 5
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted' above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to this
case, it is noted that this advisory will be limited to the
specific question asked. To answer your request, the governmental
body with which you are associated by serving as a school board
member must be identified.
Sellers, Linda M., 94 -513
February 14, 1994
Page 6
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, it
must be concluded that the governmental body with which you are
associated is the Warrior Run School District. This conclusion is
based upon the language of the Ethics Law, the legislative intent
(Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291)
and the prior precedent of this Commission.
Anthony Township is a separate and distinct governmental body,
not associated with or related to the Warrior Run School District
in any manner, for purposes of applying the Ethics Law to this
case. Since your governmental body is the Warrior Run School
District and not Anthony Township, the restrictions set forth above
would not apply if your husband would contract to do work for the
township. Under the provisions of the Ethics Law, as a member of
the Warrior Run School District, you would have no conflict as to
any work your husband does for Anthony Township.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Pennsylvania Public School Code.
Conclusion: As a Member of the Warrior Run School District, you
are a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Your governmental body is Warrior Run School District, not Anthony
Township. Subject to the Sections 3(b) and 3(c), which apply to
everyone, you would not have any conflict as a school board member
in relation to any work your husband does for Anthony Township.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Sellers, Linda M., 94 -513
February 14, 1994
Page 7
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
ncerely,
o
Vincent Dopko
Chief Counsel