HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-613 MutschlerKevin Mutschler
326 Berry Street
Baden, PA 15005
Dear Mr. Mutschler:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 18, 1993
93 -613
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Member of Borough Council,
Simultaneous Service, Employee of Borough Municipal Authority,
Laborer.
This responds to your letter of October 6, 1993 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough council
member from also being employed by the borough municipal authority
as a laborer.
Facts: You state that you will be serving on the Baden Borough
Council for a four (4) year term beginning Monday, January 3, 1994.
You are considering employment with the Baden Municipal Authority
as a laborer at the Baden Sewage Treatment Plant. The Municipal
Authority is a separate entity from the Borough. Based upon the
above, you request an advisory from the State Ethics Commission as
to whether a conflict of interest exists under the Ethics Law
regarding your serving on the Borough Council and working for the
Municipal Authority at the same time.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §S407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the materials
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
Mutschler, 93 -613
October 18, 1993
Page 2
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Member of the Baden Borough Council, you will be a public
official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
you will be subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
Mutschler, 93 -613
October 18, 1993
Page 3
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
Mutschler, 93 -613
October 18, 1993
Page 4
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
Turning to your specific inquiry, it is initially noted that
the Borough Code and the Municipality Authorities Act of 1945 fail
to reveal any statutory provisions declaring the position of
Borough Council Member to be incompatible with service as an
employee of a municipal authority which serves the Borough.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict merely by virtue of simultaneous service as a Borough
Council Member for the Borough of Baden and as an employee of the
Baden Municipal Authority which serves the Borough. Basically, the
Ethics Law does not state that it is inherently incompatible for a
Borough Council Member to serve or be employed as an employee of a
municipal authority which serves the Borough. The main prohibition
under the Ethics Law and Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that
one may not serve the interests of two persons, groups, or entities
whose interests may be adverse. Smith Opinion, 89 -010. In the
situation outlined above, you would not be serving entities with
interests which are adverse to each other. See, Swick /Aman,
Opinion 91 -006 and Bartaes, Advice 92 -628.
Pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public
official /public employee is prohibited from using the authority of
public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of
the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. Should a situation arise where the
use of authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding the above public positions could
result in a prohibited private pecuniary benefit, a conflict of
interest would arise. For example, you would be prohibited from
being involved, in any manner, in the hiring of yourself as a
municipal authority employee. See Koslow v. State Ethics
Commission, 116 Pa. Commw. Ct. 19, 540 A.2d 1374 (1988) appeal
denied 520 Pa. 609, 533 A.2d 972. Also, should any authority
matter, which would have a financial impact upon you, come before
the Borough Council, a conflict of interest would exist. Another
example of where a conflict would arise for you would be as to
appointments of Authority Members who would, in effect, be your
employers. In analogous situations, the Commission has noted that
official action where such a circular relationship exists presents
a conflict of interest. See, Bassi, 86- 007 -R; Woodrina, 90 -001.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required
Mutschler, 93 -613
October 18, 1993
Page 5
to fully abstain and to publicly announce and disclose the
abstention and the reasons for same in a written memorandum filed
with the appropriate person (supervisor or secretary who keeps the
minutes), thereby satisfying the requirements of Section 3(j), as
set forth above.
Should any other situations arise which may present a conflict
of interest, additional advice may be sought from the Commission.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Borough Code or the Municipal
Authorities Code.
Conclusion: As a Member of the Baden Borough Council, you will
become a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics
Law. As a public official, subject to the limitations,
restrictions and conditions noted above, you may, consistent with
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, simultaneously serve as a Member of
the Borough Council for the Borough of Baden and as an employee of
the Baden Municipal Authority. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Anv such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h).
cerely,
Vi • ent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel