HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-598 AleciSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 7, 1993
Eugene L. Aleci
355 West Orange Street
Lancaster, PA 17603 93 -598
Re: Conflict of Interest, Public Official, City Council Member,
Contracting with Governmental Body, Private Employment,
Business with which Associated, Architect, Use of Authority of
office or Confidential Information, Reconstruction Project.
Dear Mr. Aleci:
This responds to your letter of August 9, 1993, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition upon a City Council Member, who is also an
Architect, from contracting with the city for work on a city
reconstruction project.
Facts: You are a Member of the Lancaster City Council. You are
also a self - employed architect. Recently, the City Hall tower and
dome was partially destroyed by lightning and fire. The building
is to be reconstructed with insurance funds. The City will be
seeking proposals from selected architects qualified in these types
of restoration and reconstruction projects. You are one of the
qualified architects. You expect that the City will request
statements of qualifications and proposed compensation from the
architects and that the architect who is awarded the project will
be selected by a small committee of city department heads such as
the Director of Public Works, the City Engineer and the City
Building Official. You do not believe that this matter would come
before the City Council for discussion or vote. You state that if
you submit a proposal, it would be either as a prime contractor
with supporting technical consultants or as a sub - contractor
working with another architect. Based upon the above, you request
an advisory from this Commission regarding any possible conflicts
of interest.
Aleci, 93 -598
September 7, 1993
Page 2
Discussion: As Member of the Lancaster City Council, you are a
"public official" as that term is defined in the Ethics Law. 65
P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §11.1. As such, you are subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law and the restrictions therein.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Restricted Activities
No public official or public employee
shall engage in conduct that constitutes a
conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member or his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Aleci, 93 -598
September 7, 1993
Page 3
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment
with the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision.
65 P.S. S402.
Under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law quoted above, a public
official may not use the authority of office or confidential
information to obtain a private pecuniary benefit for himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he is or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
Generally, the Ethics Law places no per se prohibition upon a
public official or business with which he is associated from
contracting with his governmental body. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011.
As a self - employed architect, it is clear that your business
is a "business with which you are associated" as that term is
defined under the Ethics Law.
Under Sections 3(a), you could not participate or vote on
matters involving the contract between the government body and the
"business with which you are associated." In addition, the
requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law must be followed
whereby the reasons for the abstention must be publicly noted as
well as a written memorandum to that effect must be filed with the
secretary recording the minutes.
Therefore, under Section 3(a), you are not precluded from
contracting with your governmental body but you could not
participate or vote as to the matter of the contract and must
comply with the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law.
Section 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of
monetary value and no public official /employee shall solicit or
accept any thing of monetary value based upon the understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Aleci, 93 -598
September 7, 1993
Page 4
Section 3. Regtricted activities.
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public .
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public `employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
In relation to the above provision of law, the State Ethics
Commission has generally determined that this provision is a
procedure to be used when a public official or employee contracts
with his own governmental body in an amount of $500 or more. The
process must be open and public with prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure. In addition, the public official/
employee may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility for
the implementation or administration of the contract.
Thus, the open and public process, must be used in all
situations where a public official is otherwise appropriately
contracting with his own governmental body in an amount of $500 or
more. This open and public process would require:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or
contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent
competitor /applicant to be able to prepare and
present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or
proposals considered and;
Aleci, 93 -598
September 7, 1993
Page 5
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and
offered and accepted.
Further, Section 3(f) requires that the public official could
not have supervisory or overall responsibility as to the
implementation or administration of the contract.
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his official
duties, would be required to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain, from
voting and, prior to the vote being taken, publicly
announce and disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed with the
person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of voting
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or
other legally required vote of approval unattainable,
then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In
the case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining
two members of the governing body have cast opposing
votes, the member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Although the contracting in question would not be prohibited
under the Ethics Law provided the requirements of Sections 3(a),
(f) and (j) are satisfied, a problem may exist as to such
contracting under the Optional Third Class City Charter Law.
In the instant situation, the Optional Third Class City
Charter Law provides as follows:
Aleci, 93 -598
September 7, 1993
Page 6
§41601. Interest in contracts with city or public utilities.
No officer or employee elected or appointed in any
city shall be interested, directly or indirectly, in any
contract or job for work or materials or the profits
thereof, to be furnished or performed for the city, and
no such officer or employee shall be interested, directly
or indirectly, in any contract or job for work or
materials or the profits thereof, to be furnished or
performed for any person operating any interurban
railway, street railway, bus line, gas works, waterworks,
electric light or power plant, heating plant, telegraph
line, telephone exchange, or other public utility within
the territorial limits of such city. 1957, July 15, P.L.
901, S601. 53 P.S. §41601.
Since such contracting may be prohibited by the above quoted
provision, but not under the Ethics Law, it is suggested that
advice in that regard be sought from the municipal solicitor or
from private counsel.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed in this advice is the applicability of the Third Class
City laws.
Conclusion: As a Council Member for the City of Lancaster, you are
a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official /employee or
a "business with which he is associated" may contract with the
governmental body but could not vote or participate in the matter
of the contract. The disclosure requirements of Section 3(j)
outlined above must be observed. If the contract is $500 or more,
the open and public process as outlined above must be accomplished.
The public official /employee could not have any supervisory or
overall responsibilities as to the contract. Lastly, the propriety
of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law. Due to the possible application of the Third Class City
statute, it is suggested that advice be obtained from the municipal
solicitor or private counsel in that regard.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
Aleci, 93 -598
September 7, 1993
Page 7
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h).
cerely,
) 141111
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel