HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-595 BernerR. Thomas Berner
Borough of State College
118 South Fraser Street
State College, PA 16801
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 3, 1993
93 -595
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough Council Member,
Uncompensated Position, Vote, Leave of Absence.
Dear Mr. Berner:
This responds to your letter of July 31, 1993, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a non - compensated
Borough Council Member from voting in favor of awarding himself a
leave of absence from the Council.
Facts: As a Member of the Borough Council of State College, Centre
County, you serve without receiving any compensation. In the near
future, you may seek a five -month leave of absence so that you may
teach in China. You question whether you may vote to approve your
leave. You add that you do not stand to gain financially if you
receive the leave of absence and further, by receiving the leave,
the community will be able to retain a Council Member with almost
ten (10) years of service. Based upon the above, you request an
advisory from the State Ethics Commission.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §S407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the materials
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. S5407(10), (11). An
advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
Berner, 93 -595
September 3, 1993
Page 2
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As Council Member for the Borough of State College, you are a
public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and
hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
Berner, 93 -595
September 3, 1993
Page 3
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
Berner, 93 -595
September 3, 1993
Page 4
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
Under Section 3(j), if during the discharge of your official
duties you would be called upon to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain
and comply with the provisions and restrictions set forth in that
section. That is, if voting for your leave of absence constitutes
a conflict of interest, you may not vote. If, on the other hand,
such voting would not be considered a conflict of interest, then
you may do so without violating the Ethics Law. The use of the
authority of your position of Borough Council Member for private
pecuniary benefit would constitute a conflict of interest.
Since you have factually stated that there would be no private
- pecuniary benefit in this case, there would be no conflict of
interest based upon the foregoing factual assumption. Since there
is no conflict of interest, the provision of Section 3(j) would not
apply and you would not be required to abstain from voting on the
matter of your leave of absence. Therefore, you may vote on your
own leave of absence.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As Member of Borough Council for the Borough of State
College, you are a public official subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. You may not vote on your own leave of absence if such
voting would result in a conflict of interest. Based upon the
factual assumption that no pecuniary benefit is to be received by
you in this case, no conflict of interest results in which case you
may vote on your own leave of absence. Lastly, the propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
Berner, 93 -595
September 3, 1993
Page 5
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Anv such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h).
Sincerely,
1 ,/fiLee.,A- 4pkM
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel