HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-587 YorkievitzDear Ms. Yorkievitz:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 29, 1993
Ms. Kathy Yorkievitz
Pennsylvania Partnerships for Children
931 North Front Street
Suite 101
Harrisburg, PA 17102 -3422
93 -587
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Pennsylvania Department
of Public Welfare; Director of Bureau of Employment and
Training Programs; Service on Advisory Committee for
Department of Public Welfare.
This responds to your letter of July 13, 1993, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of the Director of the
Bureau of Employment and Training Programs within the Department of
Public Welfare following termination of service with the Bureau.
Facts: From July 1, 1987 through June 25, 1993, you served as
Director of the Bureau of Employment and Training Programs within
the Department of the Public Welfare. You have submitted a copy of
your job description and organizational chart and those documents
are incorporated herein by reference. You state that in this job
your primary responsibilities were planning and operating
employment and job training programs for welfare recipients.
Further, you worked with numerous other departments to identify
educational and training resources which could be used to assist
welfare clients in obtaining skills needed for employment. You
were also responsible for assuring that the Public Welfare
Department provided adequate child care assistance to clients
participating in education and training programs.
In May and June, 1992, you worked on a special assignment with
the office of State and Federal Relations of the Welfare Department
representing the Department in legislative discussions on the
July 29, 1993
Page 2
subject of welfare reform. You also assisted that office in
discussions with the House of Representatives in May, 1993.
On July 6, 1993, you became an employee of Pennsylvania
Partnerships for Children. This organization is an independent,
non - profit research, resource and advocacy center for children.
You have enclosed a copy of the Mission Statement of the
organization and that document is also incorporated herein by
reference.
Further, you refer to possibly serving on the Child Health
Subcommittee of the Medical Assistance Advisory Committee within
the Department of Public Welfare. Pursuant to a telephone
conference with the Department, the State Ethics Commission has
been advised that the Medical Assistance Advisory Committee is a
federally mandated committee that advises the State Medicaid
Director. Members of the Committee are appointed by the Secretary
of Public Welfare and are representatives of the medical community,
consumers of medical assistance and members of welfare rights
organizations. Positions on the Committee are uncompensated,
however, travel expenses are reimbursed. There are various
subcommittees on which members of the Committee serve as Chairs.
These subcommittees advise the Committee. The Chair of each
subcommittee appoints the subcommittee members. Positions on the
subcommittees are similarly non - compensated, but travel expenses
are reimbursed. Neither the Committee nor the subcommittees have
any administrative or directive power or authority over any
department policy or any expenditure of funds. Their function is
strictly to advise and while the Medical Assistance Advisory
Committee may follow the advice of the subcommittees, and the State
Medicaid Director may follow the advice of the Committee, there is
no legal requirement to do so.
Based upon the above, you request an advisory from the State
Ethics Commission as to what restrictions apply to you under the
Ethics Law in connection with your new employment. You further ask
whether you may serve as a member of the Department of Public
Welfare, Medical Assistance Advisory Committee, Child Health
Subcommittee.
Discussion: As Director of the Bureau of Employment and Training
Programs for the Department of Public Welfare, you were a "public
employee" within the definition of that term as set forth in the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this
Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §11.1. This conclusion is
based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an objective
basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take or recommend
official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting, administering or
monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing or other
July 29, 1993
Page 3
activities where the economic impact is greater than de
the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service,
a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of
Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
provides that:
minimis on
you became
the Public
Ethics Act
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with The Bureau of
Employment and Training Programs must be identified. Then, the
scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and term of
"representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service would be The
Department of Public Welfare, in its entirety. The above is based
upon the language of the Ethics Law, the legislative intent
(Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291)
and the prior precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli,
Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a former Division
Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely
July 29, 1993
Page 4
restricted to the particular Division as was contended but was in
fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year representation
restriction. Similarly in Sharp Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was
determined that a former legislative assistant to a state senator
was not merely restricted to that particular senator but to the
entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with the Bureau of Employment and Training Programs, Section 3(g)
of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict representation of
persons or new employers vis -a -vis the Department of Public
Welfare.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Lecrislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. 51901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
were associated is the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare,
in its entirety.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
July 29, 1993
Page 5
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shay, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
July 29, 1993
Page 6
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to the Department of Public Welfare. However, you may not be
identified on documents submitted to the Department. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the
Department. Once again, however, the activity in this respect
should not be revealed to the Department. Of course, any ban under
the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude the making of general
informational inquiries of the Department to secure information
which is available to the general public. This must not be done in
an effort to indirectly influence the former governmental body or
to otherwise make known to that body the representation of, or work
for the new employer.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
In Confidential Opinion 93 -005, the Commission held that
Section 3(g) precludes a former public official /employee from
providing consulting services to his former governmental body for
a period of one year after termination of service in that the
prohibition against representing a person includes the former
public official /employee representing himself.
Further, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in
part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee and
no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
You next inquire as to whether you may serve as a Member of
the Child Health Subcommittee of the Medical Assistance Advisory
Committee within the Department of Public Welfare. Positions on
the Subcommittee are non - compensated, however, travel expenses are
reimbursed. This subcommittee is one of several that advise the
Medical Assistance Advisory Committee. This subcommittee has no
administrative or directive power or authority over any department
policy or any expenditure of funds. Its function is strictly to
advise the Committee and the Committee is not legally required to
July 29, 1993
Page 7
follow that advice.
Under the State Ethics Law and Regulations, if an advisory
board has no authority to expend public funds, other than
reimbursement for personal expense, or to exercise otherwise the
power of the Commonwealth or a political subdivision thereof, its
members are not considered to be "Public Officials ". 51 Pa Code 5
11.1. Since members of advisory boards are not public officials,
they are not subject to the Ethics Law, except Sections 3(b) and
3(c), which apply to everyone.
In this case, the Medical Assistance Advisory Committee and
its subcommittees do not have the authority to expend public funds
other than reimbursement of personal expenses. They cannot
exercise the power of the Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
Thus, the members of the Committee and its subcommittees are not
"public officials" as defined in the Ethics Law. Accordingly, as
a Member of the Medical Assistance Advisory Committee, Child Health
Subcommittee, you would not be considered a "public official ".
Hence, you would not be subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law
in this position other than Sections 3(b) and 3(c). The Ethics Law
does not prohibit you from serving on that subcommittee. While
serving as a member of the subcommittee, however, you may not have
any prohibited contact with the Department of Public Welfare
regarding the Pennsylvania Partnerships for Children, in violation
of Section 3(g), as discussed above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a Director of the Bureau of Employment and Training
Programs with the Department of Public Welfare, you were a "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination of
service with the Bureau, you became a "former public employee"
subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former governmental
body is the Department of Public Welfare, in its entirety. The
restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed.
Further, you may serve on the Medical Assistance Advisory Committee
Child Health Subcommittee. In that position, you would not be a
public official and would not be subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law, except Sections 3(b) and 3(c). As a member of the
subcommittee, however, you may not engage in any activity in
violation of Section 3(g). The propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, since service has been terminated, as outlined above,
the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial
July 29, 1993
Page 8
Interests be filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h).
'ncerely,
Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel