HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-510 DaddonaSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 - 1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 11, 1993
Honorable Joseph S. Daddona 93 -510
City of Allentown
435 Hamilton Street
Allentown, PA 18101 -1699
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, City, Mayor, Private
Employment or Business, Talk Show Host.
Dear Mayor Daddona:
This responds to your letters of December 18, 1992, December
30, 1992, and January 15, 1993 in which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
prohibits or restricts a city mayor from being employed by or
associated with a business /person in a private capacity-in addition
to public service.
Facts: As Mayor for the City of Allentown, you seek an advisory
from the State Ethics Commission. You have announced that you will
not be seeking, nor would you accept the nomination of your party
as a candidate for, re- election to the Office of Mayor of Allentown
in 1993.
You have one year remaining in your term as Mayor. You state
that although you expect to devote the overwhelming majority of
your time to continuing your responsibilities and duties as the
City's Chief Executive, you must begin preparing for a new career
as a private citizen when you leave office on January 3, 1994. You
have had several proposals which would give you an opportunity to
work part -time in the electronic media industry in Allentown. In
particular, there is an Allentown -based radio station and a local
television station where the possibility exists for you to serve as
a host of a talk show, accepting listeners' phone calls and talking
about various issues of the day as well as peoples' problems and
concerns.
Your initial letter of inquiry stated that your compensation
for this part -time position would be a commission based on the
amount of air time that is sold by the station for commercial spots
Joseph S. Daddona
February 11, 1993
Page 2
during the program. Commission compensation would be one level if
the station sells and produces the commercial spots and a slightly
higher level if you were involved in selling and /or producing the
commercial spots. However, your subsequent letter of December 30,
1992 clarified that you will not be engaged in any sales of
advertising time for your radio talk show or any other program on
the radio station. Therefore, you will only receive one level of
compensation based strictly on the total amount of air -time
commercials sold by the station. You represent and assure this
Commission that you will accept no compensation either directly or
indirectly for any commercials which advertise any firm that has
any business pending before the City in which you would have any
influence or decision - making role as Mayor.
You would continue devoting a minimum of 40 -50 hours per week
to your responsibility as Mayor. You estimate that the maximum
time you would spend on these private, part -time responsibilities
would not exceed 8 -10 hours per week. You also state that the time
you would be devoting to the part -time job with the Allentown radio
station would be a maximum of one and one -half hours per day, five
days per week.
You state that having recognized that there is a potential for
at least an appearance of a conflict of interest in fulfilling this
part -time responsibility as related to your full -time duties,
authorities and responsibilities as Mayor, you have prepared a
contractual agreement with the stations that spells out in detail
the terms of your appointment and your strict avoidance of
accepting any compensation either directly or indirectly that could
be construed as a possible conflict of interest with your job as
Mayor. You have submitted a copy of the said contractual agreement
which document is incorporated herein by reference.
You state that to the best of your knowledge, the City of
Allentown conducts no official business and does not purchase any
services from either the radio station or the television station.
You further state that to the best of your knowledge, neither
station has on file with the City any requests for permits, tax
assessment appeals, or any other action over which you would have
any official jurisdiction. You assure this Commission that if such
action would ever arise, you would remove yourself from any
influence or decision - making role in such action while employed by
either station.
You ask whether your proposed acceptance of this part -time
work during your last year in office as Mayor would be restricted
or prohibited by the Ethics Law. You have sent a similar inquiry
to the Allentown Code of Ethics Board and you have submitted a copy
of that Board's opinion, which document is incorporated herein by
reference. It is noted that the City's Board found no violation of
the City's Code of Ethics arising out of your proposed part -time
Joseph S. Daddona
February 11, 1993
Page 3
position, but stated that:
1. You should not be involved in selling commercial spots,
so as to avoid further demands on your time as well as
any implication that the proposed advertiser would
receive any favor from you or the City as a result of his
sponsoring your program; and
2. You should not read any of the advertisements, so as to
avoid any implication that the Mayor or the City endorses
any particular firm, product or service.
Letter Opinion of the Board of Ethics of the City of Allentown,
dated December 30, 1992.
Based upon all of the above, you request an advisory from the
State Ethics Commission.
Discussion: As Mayor for the City of Allentown, Pennsylvania, you
are a public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law,
and hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business 'with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
Joseph S. Daddona
February 11, 1993
Page 4
immediate family is. associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided bylaw, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented-
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has 'been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
Joseph S. Daddona
February 11, 1993
Page 5
if the suit is Commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Given your representation that your prospective employer does
not do business with the City, Section 3(f) will not be discussed
further. Should you determine that contracting situations do
exist, you may seek further advice from this Commission in this
regard.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order=or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Joseph S. Daddona
February 11, 1993
Page 6
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee is prohibited
from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position
for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does not prohibit public
officials /employees from outside business activities or employment;
however, the public official /employee may not use the authority of
office for the advancement of his own private pecuniary benefit or
that of a business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion
89 -011.
A radio station or television station which would employ you
part -time would by definition be a business with which you are
associated. A public official /employee must exercise caution so
that his private business activities do not conflict with his
public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013. Thus, a public official/
public employee could not perform private business on government
time. Although the Ethics Law does not set the number of hours
which a city mayor must work, the mayor must actually work the
amount of time for which he is compensated. See, Confidential
Opinion 91 -001.
A public official /public employee could not perform private
business using governmental facilities or personnel. In
particular, the governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment,
research materials, personnel or any other property could not be
used as a means, in whole or part, to carry out private business
activities. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly prohibit the
use of confidential information received by holding public office /
employment for such a prohibited private pecuniary benefit.
Furthermore, the public official /public employee could not use
the authority of office to obtain any business in a private
capacity. The public official /public employee could not during
government working hours, solicit or promote such private business
activity. Pancoe, supra.
In the event that a private employer or its client /commercial
sponsor would have a matter pending before the City of Allentown or
if you as part of your official duties must participate, review or
pass upon such a matter, a conflict would exist. Miller, Opinion
89 -024. In each instance of a conflict of interest, it will be
necessary that you be removed from that process. You may not
participate in discussions, review, or recommendations on matters
which relate to the business /private employer or its clients/
commercial sponsors which may come before the governmental body.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you must also fully
Joseph S. Daddona
February 11, 1993
Page 7
satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth
above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code and /or
the Code of Ethics for the City of Allentown.
Conclusion: As Mayor for the City of Allentown, Pennsylvania, you
are a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not preclude you from outside
employment /business activity subject to the restrictions and
qualifications as noted above. In the event that the employer/
business has matters pending before your governmental body, then
you may not participate in that matter and the disclosure
requirements of Section 3(j) of theā¢Ethics Law as outlined above
must be satisfied. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel