HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-662v•
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STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 31, 1992
92 -662
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Simultaneous Service,
Member of County Redevelopment Authority and Member of City
Redevelopment Authority, Sale of Facility by County
Redevelopment Authority to City Redevelopment Authority.
This responds to your letters of October 22, 1992, November
24, 1992, and December 3, 1992, in which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a member of a county
redevelopment authority from also serving as a member of a city
redevelopment authority, specifically with regard to the
prospective sale of a facility by the county redevelopment
authority to the city redevelopment authority.
Facts: As the Solicitor for County A, you request an advisory from
the State Ethics Commission on behalf of an individual who
simultaneously serves as a Member of County Redevelopment Authority
B and City Redevelopment Authority C. You note that both of the
aforesaid Redevelopment Authorities are located in County A.
Currently, County Redevelopment Authority B is the owner of a
facility which is leased to the other Redevelopment Authority, City
Redevelopment Authority C, for industrial development. This
particular facility is the subject of a study being undertaken by
County Redevelopment Authority B which could result in the sale of
the facility to City Redevelopment Authority C. You pose the
following specific question:
What prohibitions, if any, apply to an individual who
serves as a voting member of a County Redevelopment
Authority and a City Redevelopment Authority with respect
to matters involving potential contractual arrangements
between those two entities?
You specifically inquire whether this particular Member of the
Confidential Advice No. 92 -662
December 31, 1992
Page 2
County Redevelopment Authority would have a conflict of interest
under the Ethics Law in the event the Member engaged in
discussions, negotiations or ultimately voting upon matters
involving the sale or lease of real estate to the City
Redevelopment Authority which he also serves as a voting Member.
This individual is also concerned as to whether he is subject to a
conflict of interest by serving on both of these Redevelopment
Authorities.
You state your understanding of the Ethics Law as being that
this individual who serves on both Authorities must: a) disclose
during the course of any public meetings of both entities his
potential conflict of interest; and b) refrain from taking part in
any discussions relative to a potential contract between these two
entities and ultimately abstain from any votes which impact upon
these matters. You ask whether your above analysis is correct.
Finally, you note the significance of this project, as well as
the concern that the Ethics Law not be transgressed.
Discussion: In each of his capacities as a Member of County
Redevelopment Authority B and City Redevelopment Authority C, the
individual on whose behalf you inquire is a public official as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence that individual is
subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
Confidential Advice No. 92 -662
December 31, 1992
Page 3
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Turning to your specific inquiries, the question of
simultaneous service shall first be addressed.
A review of the Urban Redevelopment Law, 35 P.S. S1701, et
sea., fails to reveal any provision declaring the position of a
member of a county redevelopment authority to be incompatible with
the position of a member of a city redevelopment authority.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
restriction precluding simultaneous service in these capacities.
First, it is difficult to imagine a private pecuniary benefit
arising merely as a result of the simultaneous service, because
neither of these positions is compensated. 35 P.S. §1706. Second,
as for inherent incompatibility, the main prohibition under the
Ethics Law and Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that one may
not serve the interests of two persons, groups, or entities whose
interests may be inherently adverse. Smith Opinion, 89 -010. In
the situation outlined above, the individual on whose behalf you
inquire would not be serving entities with interests which are
inherently adverse to each other.
City and county redevelopment authorities are deemed to be
agencies of the Commonwealth. 35 P.S. S1709. Thus, in each of his
capacities, the individual on whose behalf you inquire is serving
a Commonwealth agency.
Confidential Advice No. 92 -662
December 31, 1992
Page 4
Particular matters of contention may arise between these
redevelopment authorities, perhaps even as to the proposed sale of
this facility, but the possibility that occasional adversities may
arise does not present an inherent adversity which could preclude
simultaneous service.
Your remaining specific inquiry asks whether this individual
who simultaneously serves on both the city and county redevelopment
authorities would have a conflict of interest under the Ethics Law
in matters involving potential contractual arrangements between the
entities, such as the proposed sale of a facility by one to the
other. The necessary conclusion is that this individual would not
have a conflict of interest under the Ethics Law as to such
matters, because the requisite element of a private pecuniary
benefit would be lacking. As noted above, neither of these
positions is compensated. Furthermore, redevelopment authority
members are not personally liable on the bonds or other authority
obligations. 35 P.S. §1707.
However, the above conclusion that a conflict of interest
would not exist under the Ethics Law should not be construed to be
a blanket approval of this individual's participation in matters
involving both authorities. A concern is noted that members of
redevelopment authorities appear to be considered fudiciaries.
See, 20 Pa.C.S. §7301, et seq. It is recommended that this
individual secure the advice of legal counsel with regard to his
responsibilities to each authority under other laws. It may well
be that the better course of action would be for this individual to
abstain from matters involving both authorities, even though such
abstention would not be required by the Ethics Law.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: In each of his capacities as a Member of County
Redevelopment Authority B and City Redevelopment Authority C, the
individual on whose behalf you inquire is a public official subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Law. The said individual may,
consistent with Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, simultaneously
serve as a Member of the aforesaid County Redevelopment Authority
and City Redevelopment Authority. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
would not restrict said individual from participating in
discussions, negotiations, or voting upon matters involving the
sale or lease of real estate by the County Redevelopment Authority
to the City Redevelopment Authority. It is recommended that this
individual secure the advice of legal counsel with regard to his
responsibilities to each authority under other laws. Lastly, the
Confidential Advice No. 92 -662
December 31, 1992
Page 5
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel