HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-660John L. McLaughlin, Esquire
Marks & Wagner
12 West Market Street
P.O. Box 179
Danville, PA 17821 -0179
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 29, 1992
92
Re: Simultaneous Service, County Planning Commission Member and
County Zoning Officer.
Dear Mr. McLaughlin:
This responds to your letters of November 18, 1992, and
December 18, 1992, in which you requested advice from the State
Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law imposes
any prohibition or restrictions upon a County Planning Commission
Member from also serving or being employed as the County Zoning
Officer.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Montour County Planning Commission in
Danville, Pennsylvania, you seek an advisory from the State Ethics
Commission on behalf of Mr. George Dietz, one of the Board Members
of the Planning Commission.
Montour County has enacted a Subdivision and Land Development
Ordinance creating a planning agency and a planning commission
pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, 53 P.S.
510101, et seq. The Director and the Members of the Planning
Commission are appointed by the Montour County Commissioners. Mr.
Dietz simultaneously serves as a Board Member of the Planning
Commission and as the Montour County Zoning Officer. Mr. Deitz's
duties as Zoning Officer are as set forth in the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code and in a 1968 County Ordinance enacted
by the Montour County Commissioners, a photocopy of which has not
been supplied.
You state that the Montour County Planning and Subdivision
Board meets monthly to consider approval of subdivisions and other
issues submitted to the Planning Agency. The Montour County
John L. McLaughlin, Esquire
December 29, 1992
Page 2
Planning Commission makes final decisions on subdivision issues
presented by developers to the Board. If a subdivision is
approved, it is thereafter filed with the Register and Recorder
without further action on behalf of the governing body.
You state that there is a concern that a potential conflict
exists if Mr. Dietz votes on or is the sponsor of a motion to
approve or deny a subdivision when he has had or will have contact
with the owner of the subdivision in his capacity as Zoning
Officer. As Zoning Officer, Mr. Dietz routinely has contact with
the subdividers after subdivision approval and during the process
of administering the terms of the Zoning Ordinance. Occasionally,
Mr. Dietz has contact with the subdividers before considering the
subdivision as a voting member of the Planning Commission. As
Zoning Officer, Mr. Dietz is paid a flat monthly salary regardless
of the number of permits issued or the work which he undertakes
each month.
Based upon the all of the above, you request an advisory from
the State Ethics Commission.
Discussion: As a County Zoning Officer for Montour County, Mr.
George Dietz is a "public employee" as that term is defined in the
Ethics Law and hence he is subject to the provisions of the Ethics
Law. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1.
As a Member of the Montour County Planning Commission, Mr.
George Dietz is also a "public official" as defined in the Ethics
Law, subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. 65 P.S. §402; 51
Pa. Code §1.1. In this regard, it is noted that members of
planning commissions which are purely advisory and which do not
spend public funds other than reimbursing personal expenses are
excluded from the definition of "public official." However, the
Montour County Planning Commission makes final decisions on
subdivisions, without further action by the governing body, and
therefore the statutory exclusion would not apply to its Members.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
John L. McLaughlin, Esquire
December 29, 1992
Page 3
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
John L. McLaughlin, Esquire
December 29, 1992
Page 4
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby.
The State Ethics Commission would not have the express
statutory jurisdiction to interpret the Pennsylvania Municipalities
Planning Code, 53 P.S. §10101 et seg. However, the two positions
held by Mr. Dietz, as Montour County Zoning Officer and as an
appointed Member of the Montour County Planning Commission, do not
appear to have been statutorily declared incompatible by the
General Assembly. The following provisions of the Code are noted
for your information.
53 P.S. §10614 appears on its face to prohibit a zoning
officer from holding any elective office in the municipality, but
appointive positions are not specifically addressed.
53 P.S. §10205 provides the following with regard to members
of planning commissions:
S10205. Membership
All of the members of the planning
commission shall be residents of the
municipality. On all planning commissions
appointed pursuant to this act, a certain
number of the members, designated as citizen
members shall not be officers or employees of
the municipality. On a commission of three
members at least two shall be citizen members.
John L. McLaughlin, Esquire
December 29, 1992
Page 5
On a commission of four or five members at
least three shall be citizen members. On a
commission of either six or seven members at
least five shall be citizen members, and on
commissions of either eight or nine members at
least six shall be citizen members.
53 P.S. §10205 (Emphasis added). It is recommended that any
concerns as to these provisions be addressed with legal counsel.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict arising if Mr. Dietz were to simultaneously serve as a
public official /employee in both of the aforesaid positions.
Basically, the Ethics Law does not state that it is inherently
incompatible for a public official /employee to simultaneously serve
or be employed as a Member of a County Planning Commission and as
a County Zoning Officer. The main prohibition under the Ethics Law
and Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that one may not serve the
interests of two persons, groups, or entities whose interests may
be adverse. Smith Opinion, 89 -010. In the situation outlined
above, Mr. Dietz would not be serving entities with interests which
are adverse to each other.
It is further noted that under the facts which you have
submitted, Mr. Dietz is paid a flat monthly salary as a Montour
County Zoning Officer, regardless of the number of permits issued
or the work undertaken by him each month. Thus, absent any
prohibited understandings which would contravene Sections 3(b)
and /or 3(c) of the Ethics Law, there would be no private pecuniary
benefit resulting to Mr. Dietz merely through exercising the
authority of his two positions.
Thus, the simultaneous service of Mr. Dietz in the two
aforesaid positions does not present an inherent conflict of
interest under the Ethics Law. However, if a situation arises
where Mr. Dietz or the respective entities he represents develop an
adverse interest, then Mr. Dietz must remove himself from that
particular matter and fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as set forth above. If such a
situation would arise, additional advice may be sought from the
Commission.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the County Code, the
John L. McLaughlin, Esquire
December 29, 1992
Page 6
Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, and /or the Ordinances of
Montour County.
Conclusion: As a County Zoning Officer for Montour County, Mr.
George Dietz is a "public employee" subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Law. As a Member of the Montour County Planning
Commission, Mr. Dietz is also a "public official" subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. As a public official /employee, Mr.
Dietz may, consistent with Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law,
simultaneously serve as a Montour County Zoning Officer and as a
Member of the Montour County Planning Commission. Lastly, th0
propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
Very truly yours,
Vincent Dopko,
Chief Counsel