HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-658Mr. Barry W. Scherer
465 Lehigh Avenue
Palmerton, PA 18071
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG. PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 18, 1992
92 -658
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough Council Member,
Private Employment or Business, Use of Authority of Office or
Confidential Information, Business with which Associated.
Dear Mr. Scherer:
This responds to your letter of November 12, 1992, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough council
member from being employed in a private capacity in addition to
public service, or with regard to matters before the borough
council involving his employer.
Facts: As a Member and President of Borough Council for the
Borough of Palmerton in Carbon County, Pennsylvania, you seek an
advisory from the State Ethics Commission. You are employed as a
Safety Supervisor for Horsehead Resource Development Company, Inc.
(HRD), located in Palmerton. HRD is a division of Horsehead
Industries, Inc. (HII). Zinc Corporation of America (ZCA) is
another division of HII, with corporate headquarters located in
Monaca, Pennsylvania. There are also ZCA operations located in
Palmerton.
You state that a large zinc residue pile which lies on company
property has been designated a Superfund Site, listed on the
National Priorities List in December, 1982. ZCA is the primary
potential responsible party regarding clean up /remediation costs.
The Borough has also been named as a possible potential responsible
party due to municipal solid waste dumped on the pile many years
ago.
You state that there have been many public meetings held by
the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Resources (DER) regarding the status
and clean up of the pile. Heavy metals contamination on the pile
and also in the municipality are a concern of the environmental
Mr. Barry W. Scherer
December 18, 1992
Page 2
agencies. The main focus within the municipality is whether the
heavy metals in the soil pose a health threat. There are two
organized groups in the Borough. One advocates a complete clean up
and remediation of heavy metals contaminated soil. The other group
advocates a decision to clean up or remediate based on a health
study of which the Borough is currently awaiting the results.
You indicate that Borough Council has taken no official
position on the Superfund matter, having elected to remain neutral
so as to not give the appearance of officially favoring the pro or
anti clean up groups. Council has been instrumental in forming a
Community Task Force to review data and serve as the focal point of
information distributed by federal and state environmental
agencies.
On October 19, 1992, the Borough Manager received a letter
from the Mayor of Leadville, Colorado, containing an invitation to
attend a meeting of a "panel of experts" gathered by EPA to
"determine whether or not the soil -lead levels in Aspen represent
a health threat, and what, if anything, should be done about it."
You have submitted a copy of the letter which document is
incorporated herein by reference.
You state that the most important aspect of the letter is the
seating of the panel of experts to review data and recommend
remedial action. This was a "first" anywhere in the United States,
a position never before agreed to by EPA. You and the Borough
Manager discussed the letter and agreed that someone from the
Borough should attend the meeting.
The Manager advised Borough Council, by memorandum, of the
invitation and recommended that the Borough Solicitor, the Manager
and you attend. You state that you were interested in seeing if
the process of EPA agreeing to seat a panel of experts was a
workable option in resolving the ten -year old Superfund issue in
Palmerton.
You state that the Borough had no funds budgeted for the trip.
The Borough Manager felt that you should still attend the meeting
because of the relevance to the Borough's situation. He contacted
HRD officials and advised them of the meeting and the purpose
behind it. He also asked them to consider underwriting the cost of
the trip for Borough officials which the company agreed to do.
The Borough Manager advised Council by memorandum of the
request to HRD to underwrite the trip. No one from Council raised
any objections.
You state that since the trip several questions have been
raised by residents of the Borough. You request an advisory from
the State Ethics Commission as to the following three specific
Mr. Barry W. Scherer
December 18, 1992
Page 3
questions:
1. Was it a violation of ethical conduct to request the company
to underwrite the cost of the trip?
2. Was it a violation of ethical conduct for you to accept the
company's underwriting of the trip?
3. Does your position as a Council Member conflict with your
being employed by HRD and does it preclude you from voting on
any matters that come before Council regarding the company?
Discussion: As a Member and President of Borough Council for the
Borough of Palmerton, you are a public official as that term is
defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to the
provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
Mr. Barry W. Scherer
December 18, 1992
Page 4
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
Mr. Barry W. Scherer
December 18, 1992
Page 5
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Before applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted, it is initially noted that
your first and second specific inquiries regard past conduct and
therefore may not be addressed within the scope of an advisory.
A reading of Sections 7(10) and (11) of the Ethics Act makes it
clear that an opinion /advice may be given only as to prospective
(future) conduct. If the activity in question has already
occurred, the Commission may not issue an opinion /advice but any
person may then submit a signed and sworn complaint which will be
investigated by the Commission if there are allegations of Ethics
Law violations by a person who is subject to the Ethics Law.
Your third specific inquiry regards your prospective conduct
and therefore shall be addressed. It is noted that your request
for an advisory is very narrow in scope, and therefore this Advice
shall be narrow in scope as well, responding solely to the question
which you have posed in your third specific inquiry.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to your
third specific inquiry, you are advised that Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law does not prohibit public officials /employees from
outside business activities or employment; however, the public
official /employee may not use the authority of office for the
advancement of his own private pecuniary benefit or that of a
business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A
public official /employee must exercise caution so that his private
business activities do not conflict with his public duties.
Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Your employer, by definition, would be a "business with which
[you are] associated." In the event that your private employer or
business has a matter pending before your governmental body or if
you as part of such official duties must participate, review or
pass upon that matter, a conflict would exist. Miller, Opinion 89-
024. In those instances, it will be necessary that you be removed
from that process.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be
required to abstain from any participation of any nature --
Mr, Barry W. Scherer
December 18, 1992
Page 6
including but not limited to participating in discussions, lobbying
for a particular result, and voting -- and to full satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As a Member and President of Borough Council for the
Borough of Palmerton in Carbon County, Pennsylvania, you are a
public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not prohibit you from being
employed by Horsehead Resource Development Company, Inc., but your
conduct as a public official would be subject to the restrictions
and qualifications as noted above. In the event that your employer
would have a matter pending before your governmental body, then you
could not participate in that matter and you would be required to
fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law as outlined above. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
erely,
i cent i Dopko
Chief Counsel