HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-657STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG. PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 17, 1992
Mark A. Longietti, Esquire 92 -657
Routman, Moore, Goldstone & Valentino
194 East State Street
P.O. Box 690
Sharon, PA 16146 -0690
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, School Director, Use of
Authority of Office or Confidential Information, Accountant,
Private Clients, Option to Purchase, Client's Sale of Building
to School District.
Dear Mr. Longietti:
This responds to your letter of November 16, 1992, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a school director who
is also a certified public accountant, with regard to the school
district's decision of whether to exercise an option to repurchase
a building from the school director's private business clients.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Sharon City School District, you
request an advisory on behalf of School Director Joseph Evans.
You state that several years ago, the Sharon City School
District sold an elementary school building to a private
individual, Mr. Richard McMahon. Since the point of sale to the
present time, Mr. McMahon has operated a private enterprise from
the building, known as the Shenango Valley School of Business.
Included in the sales agreement between Mr. McMahon and the
School District was an option for the School District to repurchase
the building. That option must be exercised by the School District
by April 1, 1993. You indicate that the School Board is currently
considering whether to exercise the option and repurchase the
building.
Mr. Evans, who was elected to the School Board approximately
one year ago, is also a certified public accountant. He is and has
Mark A. Longietti, Esquire
December 17, 1992
Page 2
been the accountant and financial advisor to Mr. McMahon. You
state that as a Member of the School Board, Mr. Evans is concerned
about the decision as to whether the School District should
exercise its option and repurchase the school building owned by Mr.
McMahon, and Mr. Evans would like to get involved in the discussion
and the decision. You state that the question which arises is
whether Mr. Evans is prohibited by the conflict of interest law
from engaging in any discussions concerning repurchase of the
building and /or whether he is prohibited from voting on the same
issue.
You have submitted a copy of a letter dated November 13, 1992,
from Mr. Evans detailing his relationship with Mr. McMahon, which
document is incorporated herein by reference. The letter states
that Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. McMahon, owners of the Shenango Valley
School of Business, Incorporated, and the commercial building
housing the School of Business, are currently clients of the
accounting firm of Evans and Evans, Certified Public Accountants,
of which Mr. Joseph Evans is a partner. Listed among the
professional services provided by Mr. Evans to these specific
clients are personal financial planning and tax planning, and
discussions and advisory services over a wide range of personal
financial and tax matters as well as corporate operations of the
Shenango Valley School of Business, Incorporated.
Discussion: As a School Director for the Sharon City School
District, Mr. Joseph Evans is a public official as that term is
defined under the Ethics Law, and hence he is subject to the
provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
Mark A. Longietti, Esquire
December 17, 1992
Page 3
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
Mark A. Longietti, Esquire
December 17, 1992
Page 4
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee is prohibited
from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position
for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
It is clear that Mr. Evans would have a conflict of interest
as to the matter of the School District's possible repurchase of
the building from Mr. Evans' private business clients, Mr. and Mrs.
McMahon and /or the Shenango Valley School of Business,
Incorporated. This conclusion is based upon the Commission's prior
decisions in Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010 and Miller, Opinion 89-
024.
In Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010, the Commission held that a
township supervisor who was also an attorney would have a conflict
of interest in matters before the township involving an ongoing
client or a client represented on a retainer basis, even though his
legal representation of the client was not related to the matters
before the township. See, also, Miller, Opinion 89 -024.
Mark A. Longietti, Esquire
December 17, 1992
Page 5
In this case, there is no doubt that Mr. and Mrs. McMahon, and
their corporation, the Shenango Valley School of Business,
Incorporated, are current clients of Mr. Evans' accounting firm.
Thus, Mr. Evans would have a conflict of interest in matters before
the School District involving his clients, even if those matters
were unrelated to the services which he provides to them. In this
case, the conflict of interest is even more manifest because the
matter before the School Board, the question of whether to
repurchase the building from Mr. Evans' clients, would be directly
in line with the services which Mr. Evans provides to the clients.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, Mr. Evans would be
required to abstain from any participation of any nature --
including but not limited to participating in discussions, lobbying
for a particular result, exerting influence, and voting -- and to
fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set
forth above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the School Code.
Conclusion: As a School Director for the Sharon City School
District, Mr. Joseph Evans is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Mr. Evans would have a conflict of
interest in his capacity as a School Director with regard to the
School District's possible exercise of an option to repurchase a
building from his private business clients, Mr. and Mrs. Richard P.
McMahon and /or the Shenango Valley School of Business,
Incorporated. In each instance of a conflict of interest, Mr.
Evans would be required to abstain from any participation and to
full satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the
Ethics Law. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
Mark A. Longietti, Esquire
December 17, 1992
Page 6
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
incerely,
Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel