HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-655Emil W. Kantra, II,
County of Lehigh
Department of Law
P.O. Box 1548
Allentown, PA 18105
Dear Mr. Kantra:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG. PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Esquire
December 11, 1992
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County Commissioner, Use
of Authority of Office or Confidential Information,
Contracting, Sublease of Lands Leased from County.
This responds to your letter of November 4, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a county commissioner
with regard to his proposed subleasing of lands leased from the
county.
Facts: As Assistant County Solicitor for Lehigh County,
Pennsylvania, you request an advisory from the State Ethics
Commission on behalf of County Commissioner Sterling Raber,
regarding the propriety of his subleasing lands presently leased by
the County to the Pennsylvania Game Commission.
Your detailed factual recitation is set forth verbatim:
On September 27, 1982, the County of Lehigh and the
Pennsylvania Game Commission entered into a Lease
Agreement (hereinafter referred to as "Lease Agreement ")
for a tract of ground consisting of approximately 407
acres owned by the County of Lehigh adjacent to a game
preserve operated by the County of Lehigh known as the
Trexler Game Preserve. A copy of the Lease Agreement is
enclosed with this letter. As required by the Lehigh
County Home Rule Charter, the Lease Agreement was
approved by an ordinance adopted by the Board of
Commissioners on August 26, 1982. A copy of the
approving ordinance, Ordinance 1982 -No. 124, is enclosed
92-655
Emil W. Kantra, II, Esquire
December 11, 1992
Page 2
with this letter.
As you will note, the Lease Agreement has an
indeterminate term. The Lease Agreement has continued in
effect up to and including the present time. Some time
between the effective date of the Lease Agreement and the
present time, the Pennsylvania Game Commission entered
into a sublease arrangement with a local farmer
permitting the farmer to farm only a portion of the 407
acres subject to the original Lease Agreement. In the
event that sublease arrangement is terminated by the
Pennsylvania Game Commission, Commissioner Raber, whose
primary occupation is that of farming, would be
interested in attempting to make a similar sublease
arrangement with the Pennsylvania Game Commission.
As you will note, the original Lease Agreement
contains neither a prohibition against subleasing nor
authority for the lessee to sublease all or any portion
of the premises. In addition, while there is some
monetary consideration paid by the present sublessee to
the Pennsylvania Game Commission in an amount unknown to
me, the County of Lehigh receives no financial benefits
from these rental payments in that they are made directly
to the Pennsylvania Game Commission and the County of
Lehigh does not share in all or any portion of these
payments.
Letter of November 4, 1992, at 1 -2.
The documents which you have submitted including the aforesaid
Lease Agreement dated September 27, 1982, and Ordinance 1982 -No.
124 of the County are incorporated herein by reference.
Discussion: As a County Commissioner for Lehigh County,
Pennsylvania, Mr. Sterling Raber is a public official as that term
is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence he is subject to the
provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
Emil W. Kantra, II, Esquire
December 11, 1992
Page 3
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment
with the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
Emil W. Kantra, II, Esquire
December 11, 1992
Page 4
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of law would require
that an open and public process must be used in all situations
where a public official /employee is otherwise appropriately
contracting with his own governmental body, or subcontracting with
any person who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. This open and public
process would require that the following be observed as to the
contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting
possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent
competitor /applicant to be able to prepare and present an
application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals
Emil W. Kantra, II, Esquire
December 11, 1992
Page 5
considered and;
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and
accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public
official /employee may not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the
contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
Emil W. Kantra, II, Esquire
December 11, 1992
Page 6
minutes or supervisor.
Before applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted, it is initially noted that
any question as to the permissibility of farming under the County's
lease with the Pennsylvania Game Commission would be beyond the
jurisdiction of the State Ethics Commission and will not be
addressed.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee is prohibited
from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position
for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In this case, should the matter of the proposed sublease
between Commissioner Raber and the Pennsylvania Game Commission
come before the Lehigh County Commissioners, Commissioner Raber
would clearly have a conflict of interest which would require him
to abstain from any participation in the matter and which would
necessitate his compliance with the disclosure requirements of
Section 3(j) as set forth above. Additionally, Commissioner Raber
would be precluded from otherwise using the authority of his office
to advance his prospects for such a sublease, for example, by
exerting his influence as a County Commissioner.
As for Section 3(f), it is clear that provision of the Ethics
Law would be implicated in this case if the value of the sublease
is $500.00 or more. Commissioner Raber would be entering into a
subcontract with a "person" (defined to include a governmental body
such as the Pennsylvania Game Commission, 65 P.S. 5402) which has
been awarded a contract with the governmental body (the Lehigh
County Commissioners). Thus, if the value of the sublease is
$500.00 or more, the restrictions of Section 3(f) would have had to
have been observed as to the lease between the Pennsylvania Game
Commission and the County of Lehigh in order for the proposed
sublease to be valid and permissible under the Ethics Law.
Assuming there is compliance with the above provisions of the
Ethics Law, the Ethics Law would not preclude Commissioner Raber
from entering into the proposed sublease with the Pennsylvania Game
Commission.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
Emil W. Kantra, II, Esquire
December 11, 1992
Page 7
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the County Code.
Conclusion: As a County Commissioner for Lehigh County,
Pennsylvania, Mr. Sterling Raber is a public official subject to
the provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
would prohibit Commissioner Raber from using the authority of
office or confidential information received by holding his public
position to advance his prospects for a sublease with the
Pennsylvania Game Commission for lands presently leased by the
Pennsylvania Game Commission from Lehigh County. In each instance
of a conflict of interest, Commissioner Raber would be required to
abstain from any participation of any nature and to fully observe
the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j). If the value of the
proposed sublease is $500.00 or more, the restrictions of Section
3(f) would have had to have been observed as to the lease between
the Pennsylvania Game Commission and Lehigh County in order for the
proposed sublease to be valid and permissible under Section 3(f) of
the Ethics Law. Assuming there is compliance with the above
provisions of the Ethics Law, the Ethics Law would not preclude
Commissioner Raber from entering into the proposed sublease with
the Pennsylvania Game Commission. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
Sincerely,
1/016et/
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel
Akt 61.