HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-650STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 8, 1992
Mr. Daniel Sheftick 92-650
Senior Civil Engineer
Bureau of Design
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
Room 1113, Transportation Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Geometric Review
Engineer; Senior Civil Engineer; Bureau of Design, PennDOT.
Dear Mr. Sheftick:
This responds to your letter of November 2, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Geometric Review
Engineer classified as a Senior Civil Engineer following
termination of service with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Transportation.
Facts: As a Geometric Review Engineer classified as a Senior Civil
Engineer in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation's Bureau of Design, you request an advisory from the
State Ethics Commission regarding your prospective acceptance of
employment with a private consulting firm in Pennsylvania which has
been awarded and /or bids on Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation (PennDOT) projects. You state that as a Geometric
Review Engineer, you directly review plans, District scope of work
narratives, environmental documents and consultant proposals for
projects located in Engineering Districts 9 -0, 10 -0, 11 -0 and 12 -0.
You have submitted copies of your job description, job
classification specification, and an organizational chart for the
Bureau of Design, which documents are incorporated herein by
reference.
You specifically request an advisory from this Commission as
to what functions you may perform as an employee of a consultant
who has been awarded design contracts in Engineering Districts 4 -0
and 5 -0. As an employee of the consultant, you ask whether you may
perform design functions and charge payroll time to these projects,
attend field views on these projects in the presence of PennDOT
Mr. Daniel Sheftick
December 8, 1992
Page 2
employees, and attend design meetings on these projects. You
further ask whether your name may be included in future consultant
technical and price proposals to PennDOT or any other state agency.
Discussion: As a Geometric Review Engineer classified as a Senior
Civil Engineer for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you are a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this Commission. 65
P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. This conclusion is based upon the job
description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates
clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official action
of a non - ministerial nature with respect to contracting,
procurement, planning, inspecting, administering or monitoring
grants, leasing, regulating, auditing or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you will have been associated while working with PennDOT must
be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated
with the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
Mr. Daniel Sheftick
December 8, 1992
Page 3
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you will have
been associated upon termination of public service will be PennDOT
in its entirety. You are specifically advised that this is not
limited to the Bureau of Design or to any particular Engineering
Districts. The above is based upon the language of the Ethics Law,
the legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session,
No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this Commission.
Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a
former Division Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW)
was not merely restricted to the particular Division as was
contended but was in fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the
one year representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion
90- 009 -R, it was determined that a former legislative assistant to
a state senator was not merely restricted to that particular
senator but to the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with PennDOT, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and
restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
PennDOT in its entirety.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public
official /employee had influence or control but extended to the
entire governmental body with which the public official /employee
was associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the
legislative debate relative to the amendatory language for the
above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. S1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
are associated is PennDOT in its entirety.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
Mr. Daniel Sheftick
December 8, 1992
Page 4
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from the governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
The Commission, in Polovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
Mr. Daniel Sheftick
December 8, 1992
Page 5
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
To the extent you are able to perform design functions within
the above parameters, such would be permissible under the Ethics
Law. However, it appears that your attendance at field views on
your new employer's projects, in the presence of PennDOT employees,
and your attendance at design meetings on these projects --
presumably also in the presence of PennDOT employees -- would
constitute impermissible personal appearances and participation
before the governmental body on behalf of the new employer.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shav, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. During the one year period of
applicability of Section 3(g), your name may not be included in
consultant technical and price proposals, invoices, or other
documents submitted to PennDOT.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to PennDOT. However, you may not be identified on documents
submitted to PennDOT. You may also counsel any person regarding
that person's appearance before PennDOT. Once again, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to PennDOT. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude
the making of general informational inquiries of PennDOT to secure
information which is available to the general public. This must
not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
The restrictions of Section 3(g) would only apply with regard
to the former governmental body, PennDOT, and would not apply with
regard to other agencies.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
Mr. Daniel Sheftick
December 8, 1992
Page 6
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code of
Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Geometric Review Engineer classified as a Senior
Civil Engineer for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you are a "public employee" as defined
in the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with PennDOT, you
would become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law. The former governmental body would be PennDOT in
its entirety. The restrictions as to representation outlined above
must be followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
' ncerely,
incent . Dopko
Chief Counsel