HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-532STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 12, 1992
•
".
92 -532
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Member, County Council,
Use of Authority of Office, Vote, Attorney, Law Firm,
Counsel to Bond Underwriter.
This responds to your letter of December 23, 1991, in which
you requested confidential advice from the State Ethics
Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a member of a
county council who is also an attorney, where the member's law
firm proposes - act - as - legal -- counsel - - to- an - underwriter -in
connection with its marketing of a bond issue expected to be
issued by the county.
Facts: As one of - the five elected members of the County A
Council you seek confidential advice from the State Ethics
Commission as to whether the law firm where you are an attorney
in your private capacity would be permitted under the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law to act as legal counsel to an
underwriter in connection with its marketing of a bond issue
expected to be issued by County A. Although your firm has
concluded that the Ethics Law would not prohibit such
representation, you nevertheless believe it to be appropriate to
request a written, confidential advice from this Commission. You
-- have -- submitted the following material -- facts - relative to your
inquiry:
1. County A plans to issue general obligation bonds
amounting to approximately $67 million ( "bonds "), the
proceeds of which will be used primarily to current -
refund several one week floating rate loans made to
County A by the B Regional Finance Authority for the
Confidential Advice 92 -532
February 12, 1992
Page 2
period 1987 -1988 and to pay the costs of issuing the
bonds.
2. Your law firm has been asked by the underwriter of
the bonds to act as counsel to the underwriter in
connection with its marketing of the bonds. The
selection of underwriter's counsel is made solely by
the underwriter and does not require approval by the
County A Council.
3. The County A Council as the governing body of
County A will be required to consider and act upon a
resolution and ordinance approving the issuance of the
bonds. You are one of the five elected members of the
County A Council and you are also employed as counsel
to the firm.
4. Before final adoption, the proposed ordinance
approving the bonds must be duly advertised and
considered by the County A Council at two of its
consecutive regularly scheduled and duly advertised
public meetings.
5. At the time the Resolution and Ordinance relating _.
to the bonds comes before the County A Council for
formal action and vote, you will i abstain from the . vote
and publicly disclose your law role as counsel
to the underwriter.
6. The action of the County A Council in approving or
disapproving the issuance of the bonds, and your
abstention and disclosure of the law firm's selection
as counsel to the underwriter, will be recorded in the
minutes of the public meeting.
7. You will not have any supervisory or other
responsibility for the implementation or administration__
of any of the contracts or subcontracts related to the
bond issue and will disqualify yourself from any
involvement with it.
Based upon all of the above, you request a confidential
advice that there is not and would not be any violation of the
Ethics Law if your law firm were to act as counsel to the
underwriter, provided that you abstain from voting on any matters
pertaining to the bond issue and publicly disclose your firm's
role as underwriter's counsel at the duly authorized, regularly
Confidential Advice 92 -532
February 12, 1992
Page 3
scheduled public meeting of the County A Council, that you
refrain from any supervisory or other responsibility for the
implementation or administration of any contract or subcontract
related to the bond issue, and that you disqualify yourself from
any involvement in the bond issue.
•
Discussion: As a Member of the CountyA Council, you are a
public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and
hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section Z. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by__a _Public _ official or public employee - of_ __
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through -
his holding public office or employment for
the private • pecuniary benefit of . himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which Includes the
public official or public employee, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
Confidential Advice 92 -532
February 12, 1992
Page 4
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in
business for profit which comprises more than
5% of the equity of the business or more than
5% of the assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no - person shall offer to al public
official /employee anything of monetary , value and no public
official /employee' "sha1I 'solicit or accept anything of monetary-
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule; regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or .
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his .interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
Confidential Advice 92 -532
February 12, 1992
Page 5
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a _
matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section it
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
_official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
- abstention and reasons - - for same; both ovally and by filing_
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
_ In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to your
specific inquiry, it is initially noted that the focus of your
inquiry is upon the conduct of your private law firm in
prospectively acting as legal counsel to the underwriting firm
which would be marketing the bond issue expected to be issued by
County A. Insofar as your .inquiry relates to the proposed
conduct of a private law firm, you are advised that Section 3(a).
of the Ethics Law only applies to restrict the conduct of public
officials /public employees and therefore would have 'no
application to a private law firm. Furthermore, insofar as the
proposed conduct constitutes the private practice of law, Section
3(a) of the Ethics Law cannot be app ;ied to restrict that
proposed activity. gm, Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission
Bar Association v. Thornburgh, 434 A.2d 1327, 62 Pa. Cmwlth. 88
(1981), aff'd. Der curiam, 450 A.2d 613, 498 Pa. 589 (1982)
(interpreting former Section 3(e) of Act 170 of 1978). Thus,
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not operate to bar the
proposed conduct of your law firm in representing the
Confidential Advice 92 -532
February 12, 1992
Page 6
underwriting firm in connection with its' marketing of a bond
issue expected to be issued by County A.
However, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would apply to
restrict you in your capacity as a public official. Section 3(a)
prohibits a public official /public employee from using the
authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself,
any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he
or a member of his immediate family is associated. Your law firm
is a business with which you are associated. In the event that
your law firm or any of its clients, such as this particular
underwriting firm, would have a matter pending before you as a
public official, or if you as part of your official duties would
be required to participate, review or pass upon such matters in
your official capacity, a conflict would exist. Miller, Opinion
89 -024. As noted in Miller, matters which come before a public
official /public employee involving his private business or
private clients place a public official public employee in a
situation where he is faced with conflicting interests. In his
private capacity, his duty is owed to the private firm and its
clients, while in his capacity as a public official /public
employee, his primary duty is to act in the best interests of the
governmental body with the duty being owed to the public rather
than to private clients. Id; See also, Brooks, Opinion 89 -023.
It is clear that in your capacity as a public official, you
would have a'conflict of interest as to any matters involving
your law firm and /or its clients, and specifically this
particular underwriting firm. In each instance of a conflict of
interest, you must divest yourself from any participation of any
nature whatsoever, including but not limited to participating in
discussions, voting, lobbying for a particular result, or
otherwise using the authority of your office. Furthermore, in
each instance where a conflict of interest arises, you must
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) set forth
above.
You have specifically represented that you will abstain from
any participation in the bond issue matter. If you would also
publicly disclose your abstention and the reasons for same, both
orally and in a written memorandum filed with the secretary
recording the minutes, your proposed conduct would not transgress
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
Confidential Advice 92 -532
February 12, 1992
Page 7
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the County Code or
the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Member of the County A Council, you are a
public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not restrict your private
law firm from representing an underwriter in connectionpwith its
marketing of a bond issue expected to be issued by County A. In
your capacity as a public official, you would have a conflict of
interest as to matters pertaining to your law firm and /or its
private clients, specifically including but not limited to the
underwriting firm. In each instance of a conflict of interest,
you would be required to abstain from any participation of any
nature whatsoever in the matter, and the disclosure requirements
of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as outlined above would have to
be satisfied. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
V ot
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel
(.At •,}.