HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-531Mr. Michael M. Apfelbaum
City of Sunbury
225 Market Street
Sunbury, PA 17801
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 11, 1992
92 -531
Re: Simultaneous Service, City Housing Inspector and Fire Chief.
Dear Mr. Apfelbaum:
This responds to your letter of December 18, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
imposes any prohibition or restrictions upon a city housing
inspector from also serving or being employed as a fire chief for
the city's volunteer fire department.
Facts: As Solicitor for the City of Sunbury, you seek an
advisory on behalf of Mr. Richard C. Bingaman, who is employed
as a Housing Inspector for the City's Code Office. Mr. Bingaman
has also served as a volunteer fireman since 1972, and has worked
his way up the ranks to the position of Fire Chief commencing
January of 1992.
In your letter of inquiry, you advise that the Fire Chief
receives a reimbursement of costs from the City of Sunbury which
does not exceed $1,500. You note that the actual personal costs
of the Fire Chief exceed $1,500 each year.-
Mr. Bingaman and the City Councilman responsible for the
Code Office, Mr. John Beuhner, are requesting an opinion from
this Commission to relieve all concerns of conflict of interest.
Both the Fire Chief and the Housing Inspector are involved in the
investigation of buildings in the City. You note that both Mr.
Bingaman and Mr. Beuhner hope that Mr. Bingaman will be allowed
to continue to provide his services to the public sector.
On December 31, 1991, in a telephone conversation with
Mr. Michael M. Apfelbaum
February 11, 1992
Page 2
Assistant Counsel for this Commission, you clarified your request
for advice by providing the following additional facts.
You state that although the Fire Department might
theoretically be deemed to be part of the City government, all
that ties the "Sunbury Fire Department" to the City of Sunbury is
its name and financial support consisting of an unconditional
grant to the fire companies in the amount of approximately
$15,000, which is part of the City budget.
Each of the various individual, all- volunteer fire companies
which make up the Fire Department has its own officers and each
appoints someone to serve on an overall Board. You state that
this arrangement is by City Ordinance, but the fire companies
"run their own show." The Fire Chief coordinates the efforts of
these individual fire companies.
With regard to the City's reimbursement of costs to the Fire
Chief, you emphasize that this reimbursement does not cover the
Fire Chief's actual costs because the cost of insurance goes up.
The Fire Chief receives no salary or other payments. If injured,
he would receive Worker's Compensation, and if he would die there
would be a life insurance benefit in the amount of $500.
The Fire Chief must do all of the filing of reports that a
professional fire company is required to do, such as reports
pertaining to arson. Although Mr. Bingaman may file reports in
which he reaches conclusions as the Fire Chief, he may not fine
individuals in his capacity as a Fire Chief. Furthermore, the
Fire Chief would not be involved in inspecting houses unless
there had been a fire.
You state that the Code Enforcement Officer runs the City's
Code Office. As Housing Inspector for the Code Office, Mr.
Bingaman may find violations and issue citations with a District
Justice. The Housing Inspector is hired by the Director of
Public Safety (who is always one of the Councilmen) at his sole
discretion and without regard to the other Councilmen.
Based upon all of the above, you request an advisory from
this Commission as to whether a conflict exists and whether the
City should take any steps to resolve the4onflict.
Discussion: As a Housing Inspector for the City of Sunbury, Mr.
Bingaman is a "public employee" as that term is defined in the
Ethics Law and hence he is subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. Additionally, based
upon the facts which you have submitted, it would appear that
there is a sufficient nexus between the City of Sunbury and the
Mr. Michael M. Apfelbaum
February 11, 1992
Page 3
Sunbury Fire Department, given the City Ordinance structuring the
fire companies with an overall Board, the City's financial
support of the fire companies, and its specific reimbursement to
the Fire Chief, such that Mr. Bingaman would also in his capacity
as Fire Chief be deemed a "public employee" subject to the
Ethics Law. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
Mr. Michael M. Apfelbaum
February 11, 1992
Page 4
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict arising if Mr. Bingaman were to serve as a public
employee in both capacities as a Housing Inspector for the City
of Sunbury and as Fire Chief for the Sunbury Fire Department.
Basically, the Ethics Law does not state that it is inherently
incompatible for a public official /employee to serve or be
employed simultaneously in the capacities of a city housing
inspector and fire chief. The main prohibition under the Ethics
Law and Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that one may not
serve the interests of two persons, groups, or entities whose
interests may be adverse. Smith Opinion, 89 -010. In the
situation outlined above, Mr. Bingaman would not be serving
entities with interests which are adverse to each other.
However, if a situation arises where Mr. Bingaman or the
respective entities which he represents develop an adverse
interest, then Mr. Bingaman must remove himself from that
particular matter and disclose the nature of his interest in a
written memorandum to the appropriate person (supervisor or
secretary who keeps the minutes). If such a situation would
arise, additional- advice may be sought from the _.Commission.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed'conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they
do not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the respective
municipal code.
Conclusion: In both of his capacities as a Housing Inspector for
the City of Sunbury and as the Fire Chief for the Sunbury Fire
Department, Mr. Richard C. Bingaman is a "public employee"
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. As a public
official /employee, Mr. Bingaman may, consistent with Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Law, simultaneously serve in,4the positions of
Housing Inspector for the City of Sunbury and Fire Chief for the
Sunbury Fire Department. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Mr. Michael M. Apfelbaum
February 11, 1992
Page 5
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
,r.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Very truly yours,
Vincent . Dopko,
Chief Counsel