HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-521STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 3, 1992
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
Bear, Antanavage & Moyer 92 -521
64 N. Fourth Street
Hamburg, PA 19526
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough, Council Member,
Attorney, Law Firm, Municipal Clients.
Dear Mr. Moyer:
This responds to your letter of December 12, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough council
member who is also an attorney and partner in a private law
firm, where the firm acts as solicitor to a neighboring
municipality and its sewage authority and represents an
industrial park located in another neighboring municipality, all
of which entities may have negotiations with the borough's
municipal authority and /or the borough council.
Facts: You initially submitted a letter of inquiry dated
November 19, 1991, in which you requested advice as to numerous
issues beyond the jurisdiction of this Commission. By letter
dated November 22, 1991, this Commission informed you that it
would not have jurisdiction over you in your capacity as an
attorney engaged in the private practice of law and suggested
that any questions in that regard be directed to the Ethics
Committee of the Pennsylvania Bar Association. It was
additionally requested that in submitting a letter of request to
this Commission, you only raise issues regarding your official
capacities, as a Borough Council Member and Solicitor. You
submitted a new letter of inquiry dated December 12, 1991, in
which you inquired only as to your public capacities. The facts
which you submitted in your prior letter will only be set forth
to the extent that they pertain to the relevant issues, which
involve your public positions.
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 2
You were recently elected to the Borough Council of the
Borough of Hamburg, Berks County, Pennsylvania, which has
approximately 4,000 residents. You are also an attorney
practicing law in the Borough of Hamburg.
Your law firm is Solicitor to the Hamburg Area School
District, the Board of Supervisors of Windsor Township, and the
Windsor Township Municipal Authority. Your partner handles most
matters for the School District. You primarily attend the
meetings and functions of the Board of Supervisors of Windsor
Township and the Windsor Township Municipal Authority. Windsor
Township is adjacent to the Borough of Hamburg and lies directly
east of the Borough of Hamburg. The Windsor Township Municipal
Authority has sewage collection lines throughout Windsor Township
and these lines then feed into the Hamburg Borough where the
sewage is treated at the Hamburg Municipal Authority Sewage
Treatment Plant. The Hamburg Municipal Authority is not an
operating authority, and the operation of the sewage plant is by
the Borough. There have been, and you anticipate that in the
future there will be, negotiations between the Windsor Township
Municipal Authority and the Hamburg Municipal Authority
concerning the usage and flow of sewage from Windsor Township
into the Hamburg Plant. In all likelihood, you will be
representing the neighboring municipality, the Windsor Township
Municipal Authority, in these negotiations with the Hamburg
Municipal Authority.
With regard to the above facts, you specifically inquire as
to whether there would be a conflict of interest if the
negotiations are simply between the Windsor Township Municipal'
Authority and the Hamburg Municipal Authority. You further ask
if there would be a conflict of interest if the negotiations are
between the Windsor Township Municipal Authority, the Hamburg
Municipal Authority and the Borough of Hamburg.
In addition, your partner represents an industrial park
located in another neighboring municipality located to the west
of Hamburg. This municipality and the industrial park are
presently negotiating with the Borough of Hamburg and the Hamburg
Municipal Authority to secure treatment of sewage at the Hamburg
Municipal Authority Sewage Treatment Plant. You specifically
inquire as to whether there would be a conflict of interest if
the negotiations are simply between the neighboring municipality,
the Borough of Hamburg and the Hamburg Municipal Authority. You
acknowledge that it would appear that any successful negotiations
by the neighboring township in obtaining treatment of sewage at
the Hamburg Treatment Plant would benefit your partner's client.
However, you also note that it would appear that the negotiation
for this benefit to your partner's clientimay be by the
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 3
neighboring municipality and not by your partner's client
directly.
You further inquire as to whether there would be a conflict
of interest assuming that all negotiations;,are between the
various municipal authorities and do not iivolve the Borough
directly. If this would not be found to be a conflict, you ask
whether the ratification of the negotiations or any agreement by
and between the neighboring municipal authorities or
municipalities and the Hamburg Municipal Authority by the Borough
Council would create a conflict of interest.
Discussion: It is initially noted that this Advice may address
your prospective conduct only. To the extent there has been past
conduct, you are advised that such past conduct is beyond the
scope of an advisory and may not be addressed herein.
As a Borough Council Member for the Borough of Hamburg, you
will, upon entering office, become a public official as that term
is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you will be subject to
the provisions of that law. In your variois capacities as
Solicitor you are a public employee as that term is defined under
the Ethics Law, and thus in those capacities you are already
subject to the. Ethics Law. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1.
See also, Spataro, Opinion 89 -009 at 4; Maunus v. Com., State
Ethics Commission, 544 A. 2d 1324, 1326 (1988).
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 4
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate familytis a
director, officer, owner, employse or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial interest in a
legal entity engaged in business for profit which
comprises more than 5% of the equity of the business or
more than 5% of the assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to .the question
presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 5
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his interest as a
' public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained fr voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and the reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
issues which you have raised, Section 3(a), the Ethics Law,
which pertains to conflicts of interest, prohibits a public
official /employee from using the authority of public
office /employment for the private pecuniary benefit of himself,
any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he
or a member of his immediate family is associated.
It is parenthetically noted that there are certain
enumerated exceptions to the definition of "conflict" or
"conflict of interest," set forth above. The submitted facts
have not indicated any such exceptional circumstances and so this
Advice assumes that there are none.
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 6
Your specific inquiries are addressed seriatim, as
follows:
With regard to negotiations between the Windsor Township
Municipal Authority and the Hamburg Municipal Authority, you
would not have a conflict of interest if the negotiations are
simply between these municipal authorities. As a Borough
Council Member, your governmental body is the Borough Council for
the Borough of Hamburg - it is not the Haiaburg Municipal
Authority. Thus, if the Borough Council is not involved in the
negotiations, your participation in the negotiations would not
constitute a use of authority of office as a Borough Council
Member. You would be acting on behalf of only one governmental
body, and could properly use the authority of your public
employment as Solicitor to the Windsor Township Municipal
Authority in participating in the negotiations.
This Advice, however, is subject to the express condition
that you would not otherwise contravene Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law, which would prohibit the use of the authority of your
office as a Borough Council Member or any confidential
information received by holding that position for the private
pecuniary benefit of yourself, your law firm, and/or its clients.
See, Miller, Opinion 89 -024. Since the Borough itself actually
operates the sewage plant, rather than the Hamburg Municipal
Authority, a concern is noted that you may have access to
confidential information which, if used or disclosed, would
result in a prohibited private pecuniary benefit. Such conduct
would transgress the Ethics Law and would be strictly prohibited.
Under the second scenario which you have posed, the
negotiations would be between the Windsor Township Municipal
Authority, the Hamburg Municipal Authority and the Borough of
Hamburg. Under these circumstances, you would have a conflict of
interest. In your capacity as Solicitor to the Windsor Township
Municipal Authority, your duty would be to that Authority, while
in your capacity as a Borough Council Member, your duty would be
to that governmental body. Thus, in each capacity you would have
a conflict of interest which would requirekthat you abstain from
any participation of any nature whatsoever in the matter and that
you comply with the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as
set forth above.
Your third inquiry poses the scenario of your partner
representing an industrial park located in another neighboring
municipality, with the municipality and the industrial park
presently negotiating with the Borough of Hamburg and the Hamburg
Municipal Authority to secure treatment of sewage at the Hamburg
Treatment Plant. You ask whether there would be a conflict of
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 7
interest if the negotiations are simply between the neighboring
municipality, the Borough of Hamburg and the Hamburg Municipal
Authority. Thus, you pose a hypothetical where the industrial
park would no longer be directly taking part in the negotiations.
There would be a conflict of interest under these circumstances.
Your law firm is a business with which you are associated. You
characterize the industrial park as your partner's client, but
for purposes of the Ethics Law, the industrial park is the client
of your law firm. A public official may not use the authority of
office or confidential information received by holding public
office for the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a business
with which he is associated, and /or its clients. Miller, Opinion
89 -024. Your participation in the matter would be the nexus to
the acknowledged private pecuniary benefit to your client, the
industrial park, whether or not it was directly involved in the
negotiations.
Your fourth specific inquiry asks the Commission to assume
that all negotiations would be between thelvarious municipal
authorities and would not involve the Borough directly. Based
upon your assumption that this would not be found to be a
conflict, you ask whether the Borough Council's ratification of
the negotiations or any agreement by and between the neighboring
municipal authorities or municipalities and the Hamburg Municipal
Authority would create a conflict of interest under the Ethics
Law. This question poses no substantive difference from your
prior inquiries which included your involvement as a Borough
Council Member; it merely changes the time at which you would
become involved. In ratifying . the negotiations or any agreement,
you would have a conflict of interest because you would be using
the authority of office as a Borough Council Member for a
resultant private pecuniary benefit for yourself, your law firm,
and /or its clients.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the disclosure
requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth above would have to be
observed.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the Rules of
Professional Conduct, although it has been previously suggested
to you that you direct any questions regarding your
responsibilities and obligations under those Rules to the Ethics
Committee of the Pennsylvania Bar Association.
Mr. Daryl R. Moyer
February 3, 1992
Page 8
Conclusion: As a Borough Council Member for the Borough of
Hamburg, you will upon assuming office become a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. In your various
capacities as Solicitor you are a public employee subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. You would not have a conflict of
interest in acting as Solicitor to the Windsor Township Municipal
Authority in negotiations between that Authority and the Hamburg
Municipal Authority, subject to the express conditions,
qualifications and restrictions noted above. You would have a
conflict of interest as to negotiations between the Borough of
Hamburg, the Windsor Township Municipal Authority, and the
Hamburg Municipal Authority. You would have a conflict of
interest as to negotiations between the Borough of Hamburg, the
Hamburg Municipal Authority, and a neighboring municipality to
secure sewage treatment at the Hamburg sewage treatment plant,
where your law firm represents an industrial park located in the
neighboring municipality. You would have a conflict of interest
in the Borough's ratification of negotiations or any agreement by
and between the above neighboring municipal authorities or
municipalities and the Hamburg Municipal Authority. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, the disclosure requirements
of Section 3(j) must be observed. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Adyice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
tN-c0(\
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel