HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-608 HerrMr. Charles F. Herr, Jr.
Environmental Input
2364 Commercial Blvd.
State College, PA 16801
Dear Mr. Herr:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 31, 1991
91 -608
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Sewage Enforcement
Officer, Business With Which Associated, Consulting Firm,
Delineation of Wetland Boundaries.
This responds to your letter of November 7, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a sewage
enforcement officer with regard to performing private
consultation services consisting of the delineation of actual
wetland boundaries for properties as to which he would be acting
in an official capacity as a sewage enforcement officer.
Facts: As a Sewage Enforcement Officer (SEO), you seek the
advice of the State Ethics Commission regarding your performance
of private consultation services in a related field.
You note that the testing and placement of on -lot sewage
disposal systems in relationship to federal jurisdiction of
wetlands has become an issue that the "SED must deal with in
actual field conditions. Land Development Planning Modules, as
promulgated by the Department of Environmental Resources (DER)
require the location of wetland areas. " While it is necessary
that the SEO insure proper isolation from actual wetlands, you
state that the problem that has been occurring in the field is
that the delineation of an actual wetland boundary is not within
the scope of the regulatory duties of the SEO. However the line
is required to determine exact isolation.
Mr. Charles F. Herr, Jr.
December 31, 1991
Page 2
Obvious wetlands such as marshes and swamps are rather easy
in their determination of the boundary, while marginal wetlands
with a gradual transition zone into uplands require more time and
effort for delineation. You are federally trained in the
delineation of jurisdictional wetlands using various
methodologies. In many cases, you perform what is necessary to
determine the actual wetland line so that you may determine
needed isolation.
You specifically inquire whether it would be appropriate
for you as-the SEO to bill the municipality for the cost of
services pertaining to the actual wetland delineation, with the
municipality in turn billing the client. You acknowledge that
the actual wetland delineation is a consultation service and is
not a service performed under the SEO's policy.
You additionally pose a question regarding what you
perceive to be a conflict of interest in the field whenever a
township supervisor is also an on -lot sewage disposal system
installer. You state that an awkward situation is created
whenever the SEO must inform the installer that the system has
not been installed correctly, given that the installer also sits
on the Board of Appeals which considers appeals from decisions of
the SEO.
Based upon all of the above, you request an advisory opinion
from this Commission.
You have submitted copies of prior correspondence between
you and DER, which concluded that you could not perform wetlands
delineation for sites as to which you would perform the duties
of a sewage enforcement officer. These documents are incorporated
herein by reference.
It is noted that your letter of request has been submitted
on stationery bearing what appears to be a business name
"Environmental Input," and the following enumerated services:
Sewage Enforcement Officer services; on -lot sewage disposal
system designs; floodplain and wetland determinations; land
development consultations. You have not indicated your precise
relationship to Environmental Input, but you have placed its name
with your signature which indicates to this Commission that you
are an owner and /or employee of this business entity.
Discussion: As a Sewage Enforcement Officer for a municipality,
you are a public employee as that term is defined under the
Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that
law.
Mr. Charles P. Herr, Jr.
December 31, 1991
Page 3
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public official or public employee
of the authority of his office or employment
or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or
employment for the private pecuniary benefit
of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member
his immediate family is associated.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest" does not
include an action having a de minimis
economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the .public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
Mr. Charles F. Herr, Jr.
December 31, 1991
Page 4
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
In turning to your specific inquiries, it is initially
noted that only your first inquiry may be addressed, and only as
to your own, prospective conduct. Your second inquiry may not be
addressed because it is a third party request, not pertaining to
your own conduct, and thus it is beyond the scope of a request
for an advice /opinion.
Generally,• the Ethics Law would not restrict you as an SEO
from also working for a private firm unless that employment was
adverse to, or inherently incompatible with the duties and
responsibilities required of the Sewage Enforcement Officer.
Smith, Opinion 89 -010. Conflicting or adverse interests exist
where a public official /employee represents two competing
interests simultaneously.
In the instant matter, you have not clarified'your precise
relationship to the consulting firm, "Environmental Input," and
therefore it is expressly assumed for purposes of this advice
that you are either,an owner or an employee. Thus, Environmental
Input is by definition a business with which you are associated.
Your proposed conduct in performing wetland boundary delineations
for Environmental Input for the same properties as to which you
would perform official duties as a Sewage Enforcement Officer
would place you in a conflict where you would be serving two
competing interests simultaneously. 'It would therefore be
prohibited by the Ethics Law.
In the course of your duties as an SEO, you are required to
insure proper isolation from actual wetlands. Yet, the
delineation of the actual wetland boundary is not within your
regulatory duties as an SEO, but rather is determined in a
Mr. Charles F. Herr, Jr.
December 31, 1991
Page 5
vrivate capacity. Were you to consider, as an SEO, the
delineation of actual wetland boundaries determined by
Environmental Input and /or by yourself as a private individual,
you would obviously find yourself with interests which were in
conflict. al, Miller, Opinion 89 -024. As an employee and /or
owner of Environmental Input serving private clients, your duty
would be to those clients and to the firm. In your capacity as
SEO, however, your primary duty would be to insure proper
isolation from actual wetlands. This duty is to the public
rather than to private clients.
Furthermore, the tone of your letter suggests that you
might be taking' it upon yourself to perform these private
services. Such would be a use of authority of office to obtain a
private pecuniary benefit for Environmental "Input and /or
yourself. Even if the property owner sought your services, as
noted in Miller, supra, persons wishing to have a particular
determination of 'the needed isolation would probably favor having
the wetland boundary delineation performed by Environmental
Input, knowing 'that you as the SEO might then be in a position to
use those delineations to their benefit.
Your inherent conflict in this situation would not be
extinguished merely by a billing arrangement in which
Environmental Input would bill the municipality which in turn
would bill the "client" for the cost of such services.
Basically, the municipality would be serving merely as a conduit
for the payment for your private services and the concern as to
conflicting duties to the public and to private clients would
remain. Indeed, it is significant that in posing such a billing
arrangement in your letter of inquiry, you characterize the
property owner rather than the municipality as the "client."
Thus, while the question which you originally posed was
whether it would be appropriate for the SEO to bill the
municipality which in turn would bill the "client" for the cost
of services pertaining to wetland boundary delineations, the real
question is whether you as the SEO could even perform wetland
delineation services for properties as to which you are acting
in your official capacity as SEO. The answer, based upon the
prior decisions of this Commission, is that you could not.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Mr. Charles F. Herr, Jr.
December 31, 1991
Page 6
such.
Conclusion: As a Sewage Enforcement Officer for a
municipality in Pennsylvania, you are a public employee subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Law. You may not perform private
services of wetland boundary delineation for properties as to
which you are acting in your official capacity as a Sewage
Enforcezent Officer. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant -to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
Sincerely,
07/..,,m,e
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel