HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-607 AldukMr. Frank P. Alduk
R.D. #3 Box 322
New Castle, PA 16105 -9017
Dear Mr. Alduk:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 27, 1991
91 -607
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Zoning Hearing Board
Member, Chairman, Immediate Family, Child, Vote, Use of
Authority of Office, Zoning, Child's Real Estate in
Proximity to Fish Hatchery Cited for Zoning Violation.
This responds to your letter of November 4, 1991, in which
.you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
- Issue: Whether the Public. Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition .or restrictions upon you as the
Neshannock Township Zoning Hearing Board Chairman with regard to
a matter before the Board involving a fish hatchery cited as
violating the Township zoning ordinance, where your daughter and
her family reside in the immediate area and have expressed
opposition to the fish hatchery as well as a concern that the
fish hatchery may have caused their well to go dry.
Facts: As the Chairman for the Neshannock Township Zoning Hearing
Board in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, you seek the advice of
the State Ethics Commission with regard to an appeal coming
before the Board. The matter involves an enforcement notice
under Section 616.1(c)(5) of the Pennsylvania Municipalities
Planning Code involving the Township's citation of a fish
hatchery as violating the Township zoning ordinance wherein the
raising of fish or the operation of a fish hatchery is not a
permitted use in an R -2 Residential Rural District. You have
submitted a copy of the notice dated September 6, 1991, which
notice is incorporated herein by reference.
A question has been raised as to whether you have a conflict
of interest and should not serve at the hearing. Your daughter
and her family reside in the immediate area and have expressed
opposition to the fish hatchery, as well as a concern that the
Frank P. Alduk
December 27, 1991
Page 2
existence of the fish hatchery may have caused their well to go
dry last summer so that they had to drill a new well. You state
that there is no actual proof that the fish hatchery caused your
daughter's well and a couple of others in the same area to go
dry, because the area also had a drought this past summer. You
further state that the fish hatchery is apparently drawing water
from wells on its property in order to supply its fish ponds.
You do not reside with your daughter and you do not live in the
vicinity of the fish hatchery.
The decision for the three - member Zoning Hearing Board is
whether the property owner is in violation of the zoning
ordinance so as to uphold the notice of violation. Either the
property owner or the Township may appeal the Board's decision to
the Court of Common Pleas.
Based upon all of the above, you request an advisory opinion
from this Commission.
Discussion: As Chairman for the Neshannock Township Zoning
Hearing Board in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, you are a public
official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public official or public employee
of the authority of his office or employment
or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or
employment for the private pecuniary benefit
of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of
his immediate family is associated.
Prank P. Alduk
December 27, 1991
Page 3
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest" does not
include an action having a de minimis
economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any,transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on
Frank P. Alduk
December 27, 1991
Page 4
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
. minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain, and to orally announce his
abstention and the reasons for same as well as file a written
memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes
or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
submitted facts, it is initially noted that an Advice is issued
based upon the facts which are submitted in the request. In this
case, the submitted facts expressly state that there is no proof
that the fish hatchery caused your daughter's well and others in
the area to go dry because there were also drought conditions at
that time. The submitted facts further state that the fish
hatchery draws water from wells located on its own property in
order to supply it fish ponds.
Therefore, based upon the submitted facts, it would appear
that you would not have a conflict of interest in participating
and voting on the appeal before the Board from the enforcement
notice issued to the fish hatchery owner. In order for a
Frank P. Alduk
December 27, 1991
Page 5
conflict to arise under the Ethics Law, the following three
elements must be established: the person whose conduct is in
question is a public official /public employee, and he has used
the authority of his office or employment or any confidential
information he received through his holding public office or
employment, for the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated. There are certain
noted exceptions which are set forth in the definition of
"conflict of interest" as set forth above.
In this case, it is clear that you are a public
official /public employee and that your participation and /or
voting in the matter involving the appeal to the Board from the
enforcement notice would, constitute a use of the authority of
your office. However, the submitted facts do not reveal the
requisite element of a private pecuniary benefit to you, a member
of your immediate family,- or a business with which you or a
member of your -immediate family is associated. Certainly your
daughter is within- the definition of "immediate family,"
regardless of the fact that you do not reside with her.
Nevertheless, there are no submitted facts -which would establish
a private pecuniary benefit to your daughter. Such a private
pecuniary benefit may not be merely assumed to exist.
Although the Commission has found a private pecuniary
benefit under circumstances where the use of authority of office
would clearly increase the value of the real estate in question,
such as through a comprehensive sewage plan where the public
official and an immediate family member would be affected to a
greater extent than all other land owners that would be subject
to the plan, Mihalik, Opinion 90 -002, the existence or non-
existence of a fish hatchery would not appear to be• comparable to
such circumstances. Thus, in this case, the private pecuniary
benefit to your daughter may not be assumed merely based upon
whether or not the fish hatchery continues to operate or to
exist.
This Advice is therefore necessarily conditioned upon the
assumption that the appeal before the Neshannock Township Zoning
Hearing Board from an enforcement notice involving the citation
of the fish hatchery for a zoning violation, will have no impact
of a financial nature upon your daughter, either as to the
adequacy of her wells or in any other way, including but not
limited to an increase in property value.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
Frank P. Alduk
December 27, 1991
Page 6
statute, code,
other than the
not involve an
not addressed
Municipalities
such.
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
herein is the applicability of the Pennsylvania
Planning Code.
Conclusion: As Chairman for the Neshannock Township Zoning
Hearing.Board in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Section
3(a) of the Ethics Law would not prohibit your participation
and /or vote in an appeal before the Board from an enforcement
notice under the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code
regarding a citation of a fish hatchery for violation. of the
Township zoning ordinance. This Advice is expressly conditioned
upon the assumption that such use of the authority of your office
in this matter will have no impact of a financial nature on your
daughter, as to the adequacy of her wells or in any other way,
including but not limited to any increase in property value.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Vincent W. Dopko
Chief Counsel