HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-601 SweeneyMs. Mary Beth Sweeney
295 Elm Street
Indiana, Pa. 15701
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 27, 1991
91 -601
Re: Simultaneous Service, School Director, County Vo -Tech Adult
Education Coordinator.
Dear Ms. Sweeney:
This responds to your letter of October 7, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
imposes any prohibition or restrictions upon you as a School
Director for the Indiana Area School District from also serving
or being employed as the Adult Education Coordinator at the
Indiana County Area Vocational - Technical School, which serves
numerous school districts.
Facts: As a School Director for the Indiana Area School
District, you are seeking re- election to your third term in
November, 1991. In October, 1986 you became employed by the
Armstrong Indiana County Intermediate Unit 28 (IU) as Industry -
Education Coordinator (part of the management team), at which
time you informally contacted the State Ethics Commission and the
Pennsylvania School Board Association (PSBA) and were informed
that there would not be an inherent incompatibility. You have
continued your employment with the IU with a series of project
coordinator responsibilities until the present time.
In June, 1989, the Indiana County Area Vocational- Technical
School ( "Vo- Tech ") advertized the position of Adult Education
Coordinator for which position you applied. At that time, you
informally contacted this Commission as to whether there would be
a conflict of interest, and you were forwarded a copy of Garber,
Advice 89 -550. You state that no conflict was anticipated.
However, the work of coordinating adult education was ultimately
contracted with the IU. You were assigned and have performed
this responsibility for two years as an IU employee, with
enrollment growing 176 %.
Ms. Mary Beth Sweeney
November 27, 1991
Page 2
As of the September, 1991 board meeting, the Vo -Tech has
decided not to renew its contract with the IU but will instead
operate its own program. In anticipation of this action, you
spoke with Assistant Counsel for this Commission, who you state
did not see any apparent conflict because the Vo -Tech is operated
by a number of school districts. You also obtained an opinion
from your school district's Solicitor.
You note that since you have been employed by the IU, you
have not voted on anything involving the IU, budget or otherwise.
Also, since you have been coordinating the Vo- Tech's adult
education, you have not voted on anything involving the Vo -Tech.
Following the submission of your letter of inquiry,
Assistant Counsel spoke with you by telephone on November 7,
1991 and November 21, 1991. You have provided the following
additional information. One of the other School Directors from
the Indiana Area School Board sits on the IU Board - you do not.
You have resigned your employment with the IU to accept the
employment with the Vo -Tech. You have also clarified that the
Vo -Tech serves five participating school districts including the
Indiana Area School District, as well as two other non-
participating districts which send students on a tuition basis.
Based upon all of the above, you request an advisory opinion
from this Commission regarding your prospective employment at the
Vo -Tech in an administrative position as Adult Education
Coordinator.
Discussion: As a School - Director for the Indiana Area School
District, you are a "public official" as that term is defined -in
the Ethics Law and hence you are subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code 51.1.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
Ms. Mary Beth Sweeney
November 27, 1991
Page 3
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of. himself, a
member of his ' immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which• affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member -of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
question of simultaneous service, there does not appear to be any
real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict arising if you as a School Director for the Indiana Area
School District were to serve both as .a public official /employee
and as Adult Education Coordinator at the Vo -Tech which serves
not only your school district, but four other participating
districts and two other non - participating districts. Basically,
the Ethics Law does not state that it is inherently incompatible
for a public official /employee to serve or be employed as an
Adult Education Coordinator for a vocational - technical school.
The main prohibition under the Ethics Law and Opinions of the
Ethics Commission is that one may not serve the interests of two
persons, groups, or entities whose interests may be adverse.
Smith, Opinion 89 -010. In the situation outlined above, you
Ms. Mary Beth Sweeney
November 27, 1991
Page 4
would not be serving entities with interests which are adverse to
each other. See, Garber,, Advice 89 -550.
However, if a situation arises where you or the respective
entities which you serve as a public official /employee develop an
adverse interest, then you must remove yourself from that
particular matter and disclose the nature of your interest in a
written memorandum to the appropriate person (supervisor or
secretary who keeps the minutes). If such a situation would
arise, additional advice may be sought from the Commission.
It is expressly assumed for purposes of this Advice that you
have not used your public office /employment or confidential
information to advance your own interest for the position of
Adult Education Coordinator at the Vo -Tech.
There is one other assumption upon which this Advice is
conditioned, which relates to the following pertinent language
from the School Code:
S3 -324. Not to be employed by or do business
with district; exceptions
No school director shall, during the term or
[sic] which he was elected or appointed, as a
private person engage in any business
transaction with the school district in which
he is elected or appointed, be employed in
any capacity by the school district in which
he is elected or appointed, or receive from
such school district any pay for services
rendered to the district except as provided
in this act: . . .
24 P.S. §3 -324. Although this Commission does not have the
express statutory authority to interpret the School Code, the
above provision on its face would clearly prohibit your
simultaneous employment as Adult Education Coordinator if your
employer were the Indiana Area School District which you serve as
a School Director. Accordingly, this Advice is expressly
conditioned upon your representations that the Vo -Tech where you
would be employed in this administrative position serves numerous
school districts in addition to the Indiana Area School District,
such that the Vo -Tech is a body separate and apart from the
Indiana Area School District.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
Ms. Mary Beth Sweeney
November 27, 1991
Page 5
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they
do not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the School Code.
Conclusion: As a School Director for the Indiana Area School
District, you are a "public official" subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Law. As a public official /employee, you may,
consistent with Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, simultaneously
serve in the positions of School Director for the Indiana Area
School District and Adult Education Coordinator for the Indiana
County Area Vocational - Technical School ( "Vo- Tech "). This Advice
is expressly conditioned upon the assumption that there has been
no use of the authority of your public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding public
office /employment to advance your own interest for the position
as Adult Education Coordinator at the Vo -Tech, and it is further
expressly assumed that the Vo -Tech serves numerous school
districts in addition to the Indiana Area School District, such
that it is a body separate and apart from the Indiana Area School
District. Lastly, the propriety of the,proposed course of conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Very truly yours,
Vincent J. opko,
Chief Counsel