HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-595 MeansSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 15, 1991
Mr. Charles M. Means, Esquire 91 -595
Markel, Schafer & Means, P.C.
1120 Grant Building
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Township Supervisor,
Use of Authority of Office, Vote, Employment, Contracting,
Immediate Family, Grandparent, Grandchild.
Dear Attorney Means:
This responds to your letters of September 17, 1991 and
September 25, 1991 in which you requested advice from the State
Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a Township
Supervisor with regard to voting in favor of the Township hiring
or contracting with a grandchild of the Supervisor.
Facts: As Solicitor for Harmar Township, you seek the advice of
the State Ethics Commission on behalf of a Township Supervisor.
You inquire as to whether it would be a conflict of interest for
the Township Supervisor to vote in favor of the Township hiring
or contracting with a grandchild of the Supervisor. You
specifically inquire as to whether grandparents or grandchildren
are considered to be members of the immediate family of a public
official or public employee within the meaning of the Ethics Law.
Discussion: As a Supervisor for Harmar Township, the Township
Supervisor is a public official as that term is defined under the
Ethics Law, and hence the Supervisor is subject to the
provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
Mr. Charles M. Means, Esquire
October 15, 1991
Page 2
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides:
Mr. Charles M. Means, Esquire
October 15, 1991
Page 3
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals
considered and contracts awarded. In such a
case, the public official or public employee
shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or
administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this
subsection shall be voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the
contract or subcontract.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts - are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of
Mr. Charles M. Means, Esquire
October 15, 1991
Page 4
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain as well as file a written memorandum
to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
Turning to your specific inquiries, grandparents or
grandchildren are not considered to be members of the "immediate
family" of a public official or public employee as defined in
the Ethics Law, and set forth above. See, Baker, Opinion 89 -016.
Thus, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not be implicated by
the Township hiring or contracting with a grandchild or a
grandparent of the Supervisor. Furthermore, Section 3(f) of the
Ethics Law by its own terms applies to contractual situations
involving the public official or public employee, his spouse or
child, or any business in which the person or his spouse or child
is associated. Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law would not be
extended to contractual arrangements with a grandchild or
grandparent of a public official /employee.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
note addressed herein is the applicability of the Second Class
Township Code.
Conclusion: As a Supervisor for Harmar Township, the
Township Supervisor is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. A grandparent or grandchild is not
a member of the immediate family of a public official /employee as
the term "immediate family" is defined under the Ethics Law.
Mr. Charles M. Means, Esquire
October 15, 1991
Page 5
Neither Section 3(a) nor Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law would be
implicated by the Township hiring or contracting with a
grandchild or grandparent of the Supervisor. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent JJ Dopko
Chief Counsel