HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-588 BaronSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 1, 1991
Mr. Bruce G. Baron, Esquire 91 -588
Charles 0. Barto, Jr. and Associates
608 North Third Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
Re: Attorney, Department of Public Welfare, Representation,
Section 3(g), Consultant.
Dear Attorney Baron:
This responds to your letter of September 11, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You have requested advice regarding the permissible
scope of your practice of law upon termination of your employment
with the Department of Public Welfare, where your private
employment would involve work both as an attorney and as a
consultant.
Facts: Having previously been employed as an attorney for the
Department of Public Welfare ( "DPW "), you seek the advice of the
State Ethics Commission regarding your prospective conduct in
your employment in the private sector both as an attorney and as
a consultant. You state that you left employment with DPW as of
5:00 p.m. on October 19, 1990, after filing a letter of
resignation by and effective on that date. You state that you
did not work for or receive any compensation from DPW for any
period after October 19, 1990. You did work for and receive
compensation from a non - Commonwealth employer commencing in
November, 1990, with the knowledge of DPW.
DPW did not formally accept your resignation until January,
1991, as of January, 1991. Your retirement benefits have been
computed from the January, 1991 date upon which your resignation
was "accepted." You are not currently a public employee, and
your current employment involves work both as an attorney and as
a consultant. You have received requests to represent clients as
a consultant and /or as an attorney before DPW.
You acknowledge your understanding of existing case law
which supports the position that the Ethics Law does not apply to
Mr. Bruce G. Baron, Esquire
October 1, 1991
Page 2
representation of clients as an attorney, such representation
being subject only to the rules established by the Supreme Court
of Pennsylvania. Nevertheless, you state that it would appear
that the Ethics Law is intended to and does apply to situations
in which you would be asked to represent clients as a consultant
and not as an attorney, including situations in which you might
provide expert research or opinions to an attorney. You
specifically inquire whether the one -year time limit for
application of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law, as it would apply
to your possible representation of clients before DPW as a
consultant and not as an attorney, would commence to run on
October 19, 1990 - the date you "left" DPW - or only as of the
effective date in January, 1991, when the Department "accepted"
your resignation.
Discussion: Pennsylvania Public Utility Bar Association v.
Thornburgh, 434 A.2d 1327, 62 Pa. Cmwlth. 88 (1981), affirmed per
curiam 450 A.2d 613, 498 Pa. 589 (1982) dealt with the
applicability of Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act of 1978 to
attorneys in the regulation of their practice of law. However,
you seek clarification on the applicability of the current Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law to your situation and any
restrictions that might be placed upon your conduct with respect
to your practice of law and new work and /or employment.
In Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission Bar Association,
supra, the Court held that Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act of 1978
was an impermissible intrusion upon the Supreme Court's authority
to regulate an attorney's conduct; the State Ethics Commission
has applied this decision to mean that there are no prohibitions
under Section 3(g) of the current Ethics Law upon your conduct
insofar as that conduct constitutes the practice of law.
Spataro, Opinion 89 -009.
Therefore, insofar as your conduct before the agency or
entity with which you were associated, would constitute the
practice of law, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law cannot be
applied to restrict that proposed activity. Particular reference
should be made to the decision of the Commonwealth Court at
Footnote 7, 434 A.2d at page 1331 -1332. In this note, the Court
indicated that any activity in which the attorney purports to
render professional services to a client may only be regulated by
the Supreme Court. We must conclude that to the extent that you
would represent a client, as a lawyer, before the governmental
body with which you were associated, Section 3(g) of the Ethics
Law would not operate to bar such activity. Thomas, Opinion 90-
018.
Mr. Bruce G. Baron, Esquire
October 1, 1991
Page 3
If, however, the activities that you intend to undertake
before DPW - all of DPW being deemed to be the governmental body
with which you have been associated while employed by DPW - do
not fall within the category of the "practice of law ", the
prohibitions of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law might be
applicable. Lobbying is an activity which might be considered by
the Commission not to constitute the "practice of law" or to be
undertaken in the capacity as lawyer- client.
In any event, even if Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law were to
be applicable, said Section would not regulate your conduct
except with respect to DPW as your former "governmental
body." Therefore, any representation which you might undertake
with respect to a client or employer before any entity other than
DPW would not be restricted by Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law in
any event.
With respect to those of your activities which would not
constitute the "practice of law," the restrictions of Section
3(g) are set forth below for your information.
There is no general limitation on the type of employment in
which a person may engage, following departure from their
governmental body. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of
interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally
is that during the term of a person's public employment he must
act consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to
utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association
with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year representation, the Ethics Law
defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals
which are signed by or contain the name of a
former public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under
Mr. Bruce G. Baron, Esquire
October 1, 1991
Page 4
the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental
body, individual, corporation, union,
•association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of
persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental
body or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are
signed or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above to the extent your activities are
outside the scope of the practice of law.
Even where Section 3(g) would restrict your activities
outside the practice of law, you may assist in the preparation
of any documents presented to DPW so long as you are not
identified as the preparer. You may also counsel any person
regarding that person's appearance before DPW. Once again,
however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to
DPW. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit
or preclude the making of general informational inquiries of DPW
Mr. Bruce G. Baron, Esquire
October 1, 1991
Page 5
to secure information which is available to the general public.
This must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the
former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body
the representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee and no public official /employee shall solicit
or accept any thing of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference
is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there
has or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Turning to your specific inquiry regarding the point at
which the one -year period for applicability of Section 3(g)
would commence to run in your case, for activities outside the
scope of the practice of law, the one -year period would commence
immediately following the termination of your service with DPW on
October 19, 1990. This conclusion is based upon your
representations that you filed a letter of resignation with the
Department by that date which was effective that date. The
manner in which DPW has chosen to view your resignation would not
have applicability to the questions you have posed to this
Commission under the Ethics Law.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the propriety of any other
statute, code, regulation or ordinance other than the Ethics Law
has not been considered. Specifically not addressed in this
Advice is the applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct
and /or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law does not restrict
your representation or your activities, as outlined above,
insofar as those activities constitute the practice of law. To
the extent your activities are outside of the scope of the
practice of law, the restrictions as to representation outlined
above must be followed. The one -year period for the
applicability of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would commence to
run in your case immediately following the termination of your
service with DPW on October 19, 1990. The propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
Mr. Bruce G. Baron, Esquire
October 1, 1991
Page 6
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
VJD /dmb
Sincerely,
Vincent Dopko,
Chief Counsel