HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-582 ShaySTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 20, 1991
Mr. Wendell L. Shay 91-582
2315 Wells Drive
Bethel Park, PA 15102
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); PennDOT; Locations -
Contract Management Engineer, Highway Design Manager.
Dear Mr. Shay:
This responds to your letter of August 22, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Locations -
Contract Management Engineer classified as a Highway Design
Manager following termination of service with the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation.
Facts: Having retired from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT "), District 11 -0,
Pittsburgh office, on March 5, 1991 after more than twenty years
of state service, you seek the advice of the State Ethics
Commission regarding your new employment with HDR Engineering,
Inc. ( "HDR ").
During your career with PennDOT, your most senior position
was as Highway Design Manager in charge of the District
Locations /Contract Management Unit. You state that none of your
positions with PennDOT, including your position as Highway Design
Manager, ever included the responsibility or authority to make
policy for PennDOT. On March 21, 1991 you accepted a position
with HDR as a Senior Project Manager. In that capacity, you are
responsible for reviewing drawings, cost estimates and projected
work schedules for private construction projects from HDR's
offices located in Three Gateway Center, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania. You also gather data and other information that
relates to construction projects, review invoices and make staff
recommendations for completing projects.
While you were employed with PennDOT, HDR was selected to
perform an Open -end Value Engineering project for the six
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 2
engineering districts in Western Pennsylvania. HDR plans to
assign you to the project as Project Coordinator when PennDOT
issues a Notice to Proceed. In that capacity, you plan to
provide the same services that you presently provide to private
contract administration, but you expressly state and represent to
this Commission that you will not be:
1. corresponding with any PennDOT personnel,
2. attending any meetings that relate to the PennDOT
contract,
3. identified in any documents submitted to PennDOT other
than HDR invoices to PennDOT for your services (You
advise that PennDOT regulations require that your name
appear on invoices, and not just your position),
4. negotiating any changes to this contract, or any new
contracts with PennDOT,
5. making any presentations to PennDOT personnel, and
6. developing new business with PennDOT on behalf of HDR
for the duration of the Ethics Law's one -year prohibition period
through March 5, 1992. You state that you are refraining from
engaging in any of these activities out of concern for violations
of the Ethics Law and its regulations. However, your
availability to work on this project is critically important to
your continued employment with HDR because of HDR's lack of
private project work and the economic downturn in the
construction industry.
Based upon the above, you seek an advisory opinion to
clarify your position.
Copies of your job description and job classification
specification, together with an organizational chart, have been
obtained from PennDOT, which documents are incorporated herein by
reference.
Discussion: It is initially noted that your request for advice
may only be addressed with regard to your prospective conduct.
As a Locations - Contract Management Engineer classified as a
Highway Design Manager for PennDOT, you are to be considered a
"public employee" within the definition of that term as set forth
in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and the
Regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. Section 402; 51 Pa. Code
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 3
Section 1.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description,
which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that
the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting, administering or monitoring grants,
leasing, regulating, auditing or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any
matter before the governmental body with
which he has been associated for one year
after he leaves that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with PennDOT must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is
or has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service would be PennDOT,
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 4
including but not limited to District 11 -0. The above is based
upon the language of the Ethics Law, the legislative intent
(Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291)
and the prior precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli
Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found that a former Division
Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely
restricted to the particular Division as was contended but was in
fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year
representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion 90-009 -
R, it was determined that a former legislative assistant to a
state senator was not merely restricted to that particular
senator but to the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of
service with PennDOT, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply
and restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
PennDOT.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has . been associated." It was
the specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above
term so that it was not merely limited to the area where a public
official /employee had influence or control but extended to the
entire governmental body with which the public official /employee
was associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the
legislative debate relative to the amendatory language for the
above term:
We sought to make particularly clear
that when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are
dealing not only with a particular
subdivision of an agency or a local
government but the entire unit..."
Legislative Journal of House 1989 Session,
No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to
ascertain and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under
1 Pa. C.S.A. 1901, it is clear that the governmental body with
which you were associated is PennDOT, including but not limited
to District 11 -0.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on
the type of employment in which a person may engage, following
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 5
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however,
that the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with
financial conflicts and violations of the public trust. The
intent of the law generally is that during the term of a person's
public employment he must act consistently with the public trust
and upon departure from the sector, that individual should
not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
Thus, the Ethics Law would not prohibit or restrict you from
continuing your employment with HDR, nor would it preclude you
from working on any given project. However, your conduct must be
in conformity with the requirements of the Ethics Law, and in
particular, Section 3(g).
In respect to the one year representation, the Ethics Law
defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals
which are signed by or contain the name of a
former public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under
the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental
body, individual, corporation, union,
association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of
persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental
body or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 6
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are
signed or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
As you can see from the above, the restrictions of Section
3(g) would not preclude you from being the Project Coordinator on
the Open -end Value Engineering project referenced in your
inquiry, but would prevent you from "representing" HDR before
PennDOT with regard to that or any other matter during the one -
year prohibition period. Thus, it is possible that your work
would have to be performed in -house with other individuals making
any necessary contacts with PennDOT.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
In this regard, your letter of inquiry parenthetically
mentions that your name would appear on invoices submitted to
PennDOT, rather than just your position, and you reference
PennDOT regulations as requiring such. This would be prohibited
by the Ethics Law. See Stinson, Advice 91- 529 -S. The definition
of the term "represent" would preclude submitting your name to
PennDOT on invoices. Therefore, given the specific prohibitions
of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law, as well as the Commission's
interpretations of that Section, your name must not appear on
invoices - or any other materials, for that matter - submitted by
or on behalf of HDR to PennDOT.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to PennDOT so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before PennDOT. Once again, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to PennDOT. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or
preclude the making of general informational inquiries of PennDOT
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 7
to secure information which is available to the general public.
This must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the
former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body
the representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee and no public official /employee shall solicit
or accept any thing of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference
is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there
has or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Locations - Contract Management Engineer
classified as a Highway Design Manager for PennDOT, you are to be
considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law.
Upon termination of service with PennDOT, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics
Law. The former governmental body is PennDOT, including but not
limited to District 11 -0. The restrictions as to representation
outlined above must be followed. Observance of the restrictions
of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would preclude the appearance
of your name on invoices or any other documents or materials
submitted to PennDOT by or on behalf of your employer, HDR
Engineering, Inc., during the one -year period following
termination of your employment with PennDOT. The propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above,
the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial
Interests be filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
Mr. Wendell L. Shay
September 20, 1991
Page 8
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you
tha
fa
reason to challenge same, you y
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel