HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-576-S2 SolomonDear Mr. Solomon:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG. PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783.1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
January 6, 1992
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
c/o Hunt Engineers & Architects, Inc.
410 Penn Street
Williamsport, PA 17701
91- 576 -S2
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); PennDOT; Civil
Engineer Manager- General; Soils Engineer; Second Supplemental
Advice.
This responds to your letters of October 28, 1991, and
November 11, 1991 in which you requested a second supplemental
Advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the restrictions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Law, which are applicable to you as a former
Soils Engineer classified as a "Civil'Engineer Manager- General
for PennDOT, would restrict or prohibit the submission of your
name on documents submitted by or on behalf of your new employer
to PennDot, or would restrict you from providing services to
PennDOT as a consultant after which you would return to work for
your present private employer.
Facts: Following a letter of request of August 2, 1991, Advice of
Counsel 91 -576 was issued which is incorporated herein by
reference. That Advice concluded that upon termination of
service as a Soils Engineer classified as a "Civil Engineer
Manager - General" for PennDOT, you would become a "former public
employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. Your
former governmental body was determined to be PennDOT, including
but not limited to District 3 -0. The Advice determined that the
restrictions of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would not extend
beyond your former' governmental body to municipalities, federal
or local agencies, or state agencies other than PennDOT.
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 2
By letter dated September 27, 1991 you requested a
supplemental advisory regarding Advice of Counsel 91 -576. Advice
of Counsel 91 -576 -S was issued which is incorporated herein by
reference. That Advice concluded that as a "former public
employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law, with your
former governmental body being PennDOT, the restrictions as to
representation which were outlined in Advice 91 -576 as well as
within the supplemental Advice had to be observed. The
supplemental Advice specifically concluded that the Ethics Law
would prohibit you from performing the duties of your new
employment on project sites where PennDOT personnel are present.
You would be permitted to access publicly available information
at the PennDOT storage building subject to the condition that
through such conduct you would not directly or indirectly
disclose your involvement on behalf of your new employer. You
would be permitted to examine core boxes at a neutral site
conditioned upon the assumption that the transportation of the
core boxes to the neutral site would not involve accommodations
by PennDOT based upon your involvement on behalf of your new
employer.
By letter dated October 28, 1991, you requested yet another
supplemental advisory,. regarding Advice 91 -576 and supplemental
Advice 91- 576 -S. You asked whether it would be acceptable for
you to perform work under a PennDOT District 3 -0 contract with
your new employer, a local engineering company, Hunt Engineers,
Inc., where the work performed under the contract would be on
items that would not present you as having any direct contact
with the Department. You stated that the only written literature
where your name would appear would be on the 'list of employees
and approved wage rates request and on one sheet of the standard
monthly invoicing form. You submitted a sample of each of these
documents, all of which documents are incorporated herein by
reference. You noted that the request for wage rates are
approved by Chuck Allwein, of the "Central Office." Monthly
invoices go directly to "the District" where they are reviewed
and forwarded to the "Control Office" for processing.
Following the receipt of your letter of October 28, 1991,
clarification was requested by the Commission. The request for
clarification noted that it appeared that all of the documents
which you had submitted for review by this Commission were
documents which would be submitted by your new employer to
PennDOT. It was noted that Mr. Chuck Allwein of the "Central
Office" is in fact Chief of PennDOT's Consultant Agreement
Division. The request for clarification further noted the
Commission's assumption that by stating that monthly invoices go
directly to "the District," you meant District 3 -0 of PennDOT.
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 3
The request for clarification concluded by asking you to confirm
the Commission's understanding of the above facts, to state any
perceived basis to distinguish your question from the
restrictions and prohibitions set forth in the prior Advice and
supplemental Advice which were issued to you, and to include any
other questions you may have for the Commission's consideration.
Your response letter dated November 11, 1991 states that
you are confused and frustrated in your attempt to abide by a
law that you feel is contradictory. You outline three "cases"
which set forth your questions.
In Case #1, you reference the Route 15 bypass project in
PennDOT District 3 -0. Your proposed activities would be to take,
plot, and analyze field readings, and to consult with fellow
employees on field readings and their analysis. You reference
Advice 91 -576 in which this particular Case was addressed. You
state as the limitation, that PennDOT does not know that you are
involved with the Route 15 bypass project, again referencing
Advice 91 -576. You state that the problem is that the law seems
to be telling you that the only way you can perform the above
mentioned activities as an employee of Hunt Engineers Inc., is to
donate your time for free. You state that every engineering firm
of which you are aware must charge an employee's time to the
project he is working•on. This charge is obviously passed on to
the .client .with appropriate billing. You acknowledge that the
law permits a range of permissible activities which you may
perform, but you believe that if you get paid for them the
subsequent. accounting and billing that is required by law or
PennDOT requirements identifies you as an employee of Hunt
Engineers, Inc. and the project you are working on. You state
that in theory, the law permits certain activities but in reality
there is no way you can get paid for them.
In Case #2, you discuss a township bridge design project
where your activities would be core boring location, inspection
of actual drilling, filling out an engineer's drilling log,
evaluating and recommending foundation pressures and the type of
foundation to be used, and submitting a foundation report. You
state that your name would appear on many of these documents
which would then be submitted to PennDOT for approval in
addition to the same invoices outlined in Case #1 above. You
state that. as to limitations, there would be none, referencing
Advice 91 -576. You believe that this is contradictory. For this
township bridge project, you-state that four times the amount of
paperwork would be submitted to PennDOT for review identifying
you as an employee of Hunt Engineers, Inc., as compared to the
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 4
Route 15 bypass project, yet you state that it is permissible
for you to be paid for this service.
Finally, in Case #3, you again reference the Route 15 bypass
project. You state that it is your understanding that existing
legislation would permit PennDOT to hire you as a consultant for
a period of ninety days per year. If this were to happen, you
state that you know you would be working on the Route 15 bypass
project. You pose two questions. You ask why it is legal for
you to work on a PennDOT project if PennDOT pays you, but it is
illegal for you to work on the same project and get paid by Hunt
Engineers, Inc. Secondly, you ask if you were to accept this
short term employment with PennDOT to work on the Route 15 bypass
and then return to employment with Hunt Engineers, Inc., whether
you would be prohibited from working on PennDOT projects for an
additional twelve months because you worked for PennDOT for
ninety days.
In concluding your letter, you state that the law seems to
be so entangled. that it becomes confusing, contradictory and
discriminatory. ' You note that as a licensed professional
engineer in Pennsylvania, you have a sworn obligation to practice
your profession to the best of your ability both morally and
ethically, regardless of who is signing your paycheck. You
believe that a law that would prevent you from doing that, just
because you were a PennDOT employee, would seem discriminatory.
Based upon all of the above, you request a second
supplemental Advice from this Commission.
Discussion: It is initially noted that you have raised
very specific issues involving the submission of your name on
documents submitted by or on behalf of your new employer to
PennDOT, and the prospect of your performing consulating work
for PennDOT, thereafter returning to the employment of Hunt
Engineers, Inc. This second supplemental Advice will focus upon
these specific issues which you have raised. Prior Advice 91 -576
and supplemental Advice 91-576-S which were issued to you and
which have been incorporated herein by reference will not be
restated.
There appears to be no doubt that you are confused on the
specific issues which you have raised. Indeed, you have
erroneously characterized some of the restrictions of Section
3(g) as they apply to you and as they were outlined in the prior
Advice and supplemental Advice which were issued to you.
Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law provides that:
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 5
Section 3. Restricted activities
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any
matter before the governmental body with
which he has been associated for one year
after he leaves that body. 65 P.S. 5403(g).
Turning to Case #1, involving the Route 15 bypass project
in PennDOT District 3 -0, Advice 91 -576 did not tell you that the
only way you could perform activities on behalf of your new
employer would be to donate your time "for free." Section 3(g)
of the Ethics Law does not prohibit the submission of an invoice
which includes your time to the former governmental body, so long
as you are not identified on the invoice.
In Shag, Advice 91 -582, this precise issue was addressed.
That Advice concluded inter alia, that Mr. Shay's name could not
appear on invoices or any other materials submitted by or on
behalf of his new employer to PennDOT. Mr. Shay appealed the
Advice 91 -582 to the Commission, and the Commission affirmed the
Advice of Counsel. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. In response to Mr.
Shay's argument that PennDOT regulations would require that his
name appear on such invoices, and not just his, position, the
Commission stated:
"Even if we assume it to be true, however, it
is the duty of this Commission to enforce the
Ethics Law and we do not the latitude to
ignore the requirements of Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law as it has been duly
promulgated by the General Assembly of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, to favor the
regulations of PennDOT or any other agency."
Shav, Opinion 90 -012 at 5.
Thus, in answer to Case #1 which you posed, your name may
not appear on invoices or anv other materials submitted by or on
behalf of your new employer to PennDOT during the one year period
of applicability of Section 3(g).
Turning to Case #2 which you have posed regarding the
township bridge design project, .the project appears to be one
which you raised and which was discussed in supplemental Advice
91- 576 -S. It is of concern that under your outline as to
"limitations" on this project, you have indicated the word
"none." To the contrary, supplemental Advice 91- 576 -S, a six-
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 6
page Advice, discussed this project at length and the
restrictions which would apply to you with regard to your
proposed activities. You are strongly urged to read supplemental
Advice 91 -576 -S very carefully so that you will comply with those
restrictions.
As to the "problem" which you perceive for Case #2, there is
nothing in the Ethics Law which would prevent you from being paid
by your private employer for work on the township bridge design
project, the Route 15 bypass project, or for any other project
for that matter. However, the Ethics Law would and does prohibit
your name from being submitted on invoices at a_y, other
materials submitted by or on behalf of your new employer to
PennDOT during the one year period of applicability of Section
3(g). Thus, you are in error if you believe that the paperwork
to be submitted to PennDOT for the township bridge design project
could include your name. It absolutely may not include your
name.
Finally, turning to Case #3, you raise for the first time
the prospect of your being hired to provide services to PennDOT
directly as a consultant for a period of ninety days per year.
You are incorrect in assuming that you could be hired to consult
directly with PennDOT during the one year period following
termination of your employment with PennDOT. To the contrary,
Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would prohibit you from providing
consulting services directly to PennDOT for one year following
termination of your employment with that governmental body.
On the other hand, you could return to work for PennDOT as
an actual PennDOT employee, on PennDOT's'payroll and subject to
all of the rules and restrictions that apply to Commonwealth
employees. In that instance, you would cease to be a "former
public employee." As explained in Casner supplemental Advice
91 -590 -S you would again become a "public employee" associated
with the very same governmental body, PennDOT, so that the one
year period of applicability of Section 3(g) would cease to run.
Upon terminating your employment with PennDOT, you would once
again become a "former public employee" and the one year period
of applicability of Section 3(g) would commence to run again, for
a new, full one year period. The Ethics Law does not place any
limitation upon the number of times that a particular individual
may become a "public employee" or a "former public employee."
The restrictions of Section 3(g) are invoked in each instance
where an individual becomes a "former public employee" and those
restrictions apply for a full one year period in each such
instance.
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 7
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code
of Conduct.
Conclusion: ..Upon termination of service with PennDOT as a
Soils Engineer classified as a "Civil Engineer Manager- General,"
you became a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law. The former governmental body is PennDOT,
including but not limited to District 3 -0. The restrictions as
to representation outlined in Advice 91 -576, supplemental Advice
91- 576 -S, and above must be followed. Section 3(g) of the Ethics
Law would prohibit the inclusion of your name on invoices or any
other materials submitted by or on behalf of your new employer to
PennDOT. Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would also prohibit you
from _providing services to PennDOT. directly as a..consultant
during the one year period of applicability of Section 3(g).
Should you return to work for PennDOT as a PennDOT employee, you
would no longer be a "former public employee" and the
restrictions of Section 3(g) would at that point cease to apply
to you. Upon terminating•your employment with PennDOT, you would
once again become a "former public employee" and the restrictions
of Sect- ,n 3(g) of the Ethics Law would once again apply to you
for a full one year period following termination of the most
recent employment with PennDOT. The propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above,
the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial
Interests be filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with
reason to challenge same, you
Commission review this Advice. A
Commission will be scheduled and a
this Advice or if you have any
may request that the full
personal appearance before the
formal Opinion from the
Mr. Paul J. Solomon
January 6, 1992
Page 8
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
Sincerely,
14144we 2) A.A144.
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel