HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-568 PompellaMr. Stephen E. Pompella
R.R. 1 Box 37H
White Haven, PA 18661
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 20, 1991
91 -568
Re: Simultaneous Service, Borough, Zoning Officer, Constable
Dear Mr. Pompella:
This responds to your undated letter received July 10, 1991,
in which you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
imposes any prohibition or restriction upon a Borough Zoning
Officer from also serving as Borough Constable.
Facts: Upon the advice of the Solicitor for East Side Borough,
you seek the advice of the State Ethics Commission. You have
been a resident of the Borough all of your life and have served
the Borough in various capacities for the past twenty years.
Among the offices /positions you have held are Tax Collector,
Councilman, Planning Commission Member, and, most recently,
Zoning Officer. In March of 1990, you petitioned the Carbon
County Court of Common Pleas to fill the unexpired term of
Constable. You are presently a candidate for that position in
the November election, running unopposed. Your specific inquiry
is whether there would be a conflict of interest between your
position as a Borough Zoning Officer and the position of a
Constable for the Borough.
You note that the population of East Side Borough is 310
with 90 registered voters. You state that the Borough
population is apathetic toward local government and that the same
few individuals can be counted on for help in directing the
affairs of the Borough. You cite as an example the fact that the
Mayor also serves as Emergency Management Coordinator. You state
your personal belief that the conflict of interest laws should be
waived or modified for municipalities with less than 500 persons.
You state that you will await the advice of this Commission
before making any further decisions on this matter, not wishing
to act unlawfully in your zeal to serve your municipality. If
Mr. Stephen E. Pompella
August 20, 1991
Page 2
there is a conflict of interest between the two positions, you
state that you shall submit your letter of resignation from the
position of Zoning Officer effective immediately.
You have enclosed a copy of a letter from the Borough
Solicitor to you, dated July 2, 1991, which letter is
incorporated herein by reference. The letter outlines the
Solicitor's inquiries on this issue with the Department of
Community Affairs, and expresses the Solicitor's opinion that
there is statutory authority which has not yet been judicially
interpreted, but which would indicate that you could not hold
both positions simultaneously.
Discussion: As a Zoning Officer for East Side Borough, you are a
public official /employee as defined in the Ethics Law and hence
you are subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. 65 P.S.
§402.
It is initially noted that your request for advice may only
be addressed from your perspective as the Zoning Officer, because
in that position you are subject to the restrictions of Section
3(a) of the Ethics Law. On the other hand, as a Constable, you
would be considered a member of the judiciary beyond the
jurisdiction of this Commission with regard to conflicts of
interest, but subject to regulation by the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania. See, Act 147 of 1990, §2942(b). It is further
noted that this Advice is issued strictly and solely with regard
to your prospective conduct. A reading of Sections 7(10) and
(11) of the Ethics Law makes it clear that an opinion /advice may
be given only as to prospective (future) conduct. If the
activity in question has already occurred, the Commission may not
issue an opinion /advice but any person may then submit a signed
and sworn complaint which will be investigated by the Commission
if there are allegations of Ethics Law violations by a person who
is subject to the Ethics Law. To the extent that you are already
simultaneously serving in both capacities as a Borough Zoning
Officer and a Borough Constable, such would constitute past
conduct which will not be addressed in this Advice.
As to whether the Ethics Law would restrict or prohibit you
with regard to your prospective conduct of simultaneously serving
as the Borough Zoning Officer and as a Constable for the Borough,
it is further noted that the State Ethics Commission may only
address questions regarding the duties and responsibilities of
public officials /employees within the purview of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law. The Commission does not
specifically have the statutory jurisdiction to interpret the
provisions of the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, 53
P.S. 510101 et se ., or Act 147 of 1990 relating to the powers
Mr. Stephen E. Pompella
August 20, 1991
Page 3
and duties of Constables. If, however, another provision of law
somehow impacts on the provisions of the Ethics Law or the Ethics
Law accords jurisdiction in relation to other provisions of law,
then this Commission may be required to interpret such provisions
of law. See Biciler Opinion 85 -020.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined under the Ethics Law:
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a. particular public office or
position of public employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and (c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value or no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept any thing of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference
Mr. Stephen E. Pompella
August 20, 1991
Page 4
is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there
has or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
The Commission has determined if a particular statutory
enactment prohibits an official from receiving of a particular
benefit, then that official's receipt of such a prohibited
benefit, through the authority of public office, would also be a
use of the authority of office contrary to Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law. In this respect, this Commission has been called
upon, on various occasions, to determine whether a specific
pecuniary benefit or financial gain is prohibited by law. In
order to determine whether a particular pecuniary benefit or gain
is strictly prohibited by law, the provisions of the relevant
statutory provisions, in this case, the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code and the provisions of Act 147 of
1990 must be reviewed. A review of these statutes results in the
conclusion that you may not simultaneously serve as Borough
Zoning Officer and Borough Constable.
The Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code provides, in
pertinent part: "For the administration of a zoning ordinance, a
zoning officer, who shall not hold any elective office in the
municipality, shall be appointed. . ." 53 P.S. 510614
(Emphasis added). This provision of the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code appears to clearly prohibit a Zoning
Officer from holding any elective office in the municipality and
it does not appear to contain any exceptions to that restriction
which would be applicable in the instant situation. The office
of Constable is an elective office. Act 147 of 1990 defines the
term "Constable" as follows: "'Constable.' Any person holding
the elective office of constable, whether by election or by
appointment to fill a vacancy in such elective office." Act 147
of 1990, 52941. Thus, it appears that a Borough Zoning Officer
may not simultaneously hold the elective office of Borough
Constable.
Therefore, if you were to take or continue to hold office as
Borough Constable and attempt to simultaneously serve in both of
these positions, you would be doing so contrary to the provisions
of the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code. Although only
the Pennsylvania General Assembly has the inherent authority to
declare offices /positions incompatible, the State Ethics
Commission may review the Ethics Law to determine that a conflict
exists based upon the statutory incompatibility. Johnson,
Opinion 86 -004. As a result of the foregoing, any salary,
benefits or gain which the public official /employee would receive
in that position would not be authorized in law in light of the
foregoing incompatibility provision; consequently, any gain or
Mr. Stephen E. Pompella
August 20, 1991
Page 5
pecuniary benefit that the public official /employee would receive
would be a gain other than compensation provided for by law.
King, Opinion 85 -025.
Lastly, it must be noted that the propriety of the proposed
course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As a Zoning Officer for East Side Borough, you are a
public official /employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics
Law. As a public official /employee you may not, consistent with
the provisions of the Ethics Law, simultaneously serve in the
positions of Borough Zoning Officer and Borough Constable.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
ncerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
Chief Counsel