HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-563 FordMr. Fred L. Ford, Jr.
P.O. Box 490
Tunkhannock, PA 18657
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 2, 1991
91 -563
Re: Claims Investigation Agent, DPW, Bureau of Child Support
Enforcement, Division of Field Operations; Public Employee;
FIS
Dear Mr. Ford:
This responds to your Financial Interest Disclosure Appeal dated
April 24, 1991, which will be treated as a request for advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether in your capacity as a Claims Investigation
Agent with the Bureau of Child Support Enforcement, Field Operations
Division of the Department of Public Welfare, hereinafter, "DPW ",
you are to be considered a "public employee" as that term is defined
in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law, and therefore,
whether you are required to file a Statement of Financial Interests.
Facts: You question whether your activities and functions fall
within the purview of the definition of "public employee" as that
phrase is defined in the Ethics Law and the regulations of this
Commission. In order to review the question presented, we will
briefly outline the duties and responsibilities associated with
your position as contained in your job description and the
classification specifications for this position. Your duties and
responsibilities as set forth in these two documents, and your
organizational chart are incorporated herein by reference.
According to your job description, you function as a Field Agent
for the Bureau of Child Support Enforcement. You are required to
work closely with and coordinate the activities of various judicial
and governmental agencies involved with the Child Support Program in
an assigned geographic area. This includes providing assistance and
guidance in completing and properly handling support referrals,
representing the Department's interests in support conferences and
hearings and Departmental Fair Hearings, clarifying and interpreting
policy, monitoring case work loads to ensure efficient and timely
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 2
handling of cases, preventing backlogs and identifying and
initiating enforcement actions for support collection and paternity
establishment. In dealing with the public and other
judicial /government personnel and officials, you are to assure the
effectiveness of the program; to see that optimum court orders or
modifications are obtained and assigned to DPW; and to see that
obligations due to the Commonwealth are protected and satisfied.
The duties of your position require that you be able to
investigate, assemble and analyze data, and prepare the needed
documentation for special projects and reports to effectively
complete case assignments. You are required to conduct
investigative interviews with AFDC applicants to obtain maximum
information for the establishment of paternity /support. You are
required to conduct modified parent locator services when
applicable.
You compute claims, collect and transmit money, process requests
for refunds and identify previously undistributed collections for
possible payment to DPW. You operate with a high degree of
independence, reporting back to supervisory personnel only to make
recommendations on assigned cases or to request guidance on the more
highly complex or involved cases.
Turning to your job specification, an employee in your class is
considered to perform professional work and is assigned functions
investigating and settling claims; recovering funds legally owed to
the Commonwealth; prosecuting public assistance clients that
fraudulently received benefits; conducting the technical and
regulatory review of cases that are subject to departmental
administrative fair hearings; and /or collecting, reviewing,
analyzing, interpreting and explaining child support orders for the
Department of Public Welfare. Work may include independent
responsibility for the preparation of prosecution packages and
testimony and the presentation of cases in civil and criminal
proceedings to prosecute recipient fraud cases. Work involves
applying federal and state mandates, policies and procedures in the
child support enforcement, restitution and reimbursement activities
by searching local court house records, county assistance office
files and financial records of public assistance clients. Work also
includes: reviewing claims referrals; collecting and analyzing
information for determining feasibility for investigating, locating,
encumbering and obtaining resources for the prosecution and
settlement of claims against present and former public assistance
clients, legally responsible individuals or organizations providing
contracted services to welfare program clients; or establishing
paternity and enforcing child support orders for individuals
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 3
responsible for dependent public assistance clients. Work may also
include coordinating program activities with such other agencies as
the Internal Revenue Service, Social Security Administration, Bureau
of Employment Security, Bureau of Motor Vehicles, and county
judiciary and domestic relations offices; and responding to
inquiries or complaints associated with the programs administered
through the Bureau of Child Support Enforcement. Duties may also
involve the preparation of witnesses for recipient fraud cases; the
coordination of cases scheduled for administrative hearings; and the
technical review of decisions for impact on departmental policies
and procedures. Work is performed in accordance with mandates,
policies and procedures, requires discretion and judgment in
conducting investigations, preparing cases and evidence and
implementing reimbursement restitution or prosecution actions. Work
is performed under the general direction of a supervisor who
evaluates work performance through conferences, review of reports
and results achieved in meeting established goals and objectives.
Your duties and responsibilities may also include such other
duties as set forth in the incorporated documents.
Discussion: The question to be answered is whether you, in your
capacity as a Claims Investigation Agent for DPW's Bureau of Child
Support Enforcement, are to be considered a "public employee." The
Ethics Law defines that term as follows:
Section 2. Definitions
"Public employee." Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible
for taking or recommending official action of a
nonministerial nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4)inspecting, licensing, regulating or auditing any
person; or
(5)any other activity where the official action has
an economic impact of greater than a de minimus
nature on the interests of any person. 65 P.S.
S402.
"Public employee" shall not include individuals who are
employed by the State or any political subdivision thereof in
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 4
teaching as distinguished from administrative duties. 65 P.S.
5402.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define
the term public employee as above and also set forth that the term
includes any individual:
(B) who meets the criteria of either subclause (I)
or (II):
(I) The individual is:
( -a -) a person who normally performs
his responsibility in the field without
on -site supervision;
( -b -) the immediate supervisor of a
person who normally performs his
responsibility in the field without on-
site supervision; or
( -c -) the supervisor of any highest
level field office.
(II) The individual is a person:
( -a -) who:
( -1 -) has the authority to make final
decisions;
( -2 -) has the authority to forward or
stop recommendations from being sent to
the person or body with the authority to
make final decisions;
( -3 -) prepares or supervises the
preparation of final recommendations; or
( -4 -) makes final technical
recommendations; and
( -b -) whose recommendations or
actions:
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 5
( -1 -) are an inherent and recurring
part of his position; and
( -2 -) affect organizations other than
his own organization.
(ii) The term does not include individuals who are
employed by the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision of the Commonwealth in teaching as
distinguished from administrative duties.
(iii) Persons in the positions listed below are
generally considered public employees.
(A) Executive and special directors or
assistants reporting directly to the
agency head or governing body.
(B) Commonwealth bureau directors,
division chiefs, or heads of equivalent
organization elements and other
governmental body department heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in
representing the department, agency, or
other governmental bodies before the
public.
(D) Solicitors, engineers, managers, and
secretary- treasurers acting as managers,
police chiefs, chief clerks, chief
purchasing agents, grant and contract
managers, housing and building inspectors,
sewer enforcement officers, and zoning
officers in all governmental bodies.
(E) Court administrators, assistants for
fiscal affairs, and deputies for the minor
judiciary.
(F) School business managers and
principals.
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 6
(iv) Persons in the positions listed below are
generally not considered public employees.
(A) City clerks, other clerical staff,
road masters, secretaries, police
officers, welfare case workers,
maintenance workers, construction workers,
detectives, equipment operators, and
recreation directors.
(B) Law clerks, court criers, court
reporters, probation officers, security
guards, and writ servers.
(C) School teachers and clerk of the
schools. 51 Pa. Code §1.1.
We must review the question you present under these provisions
of the statute and the regulations of the Commission in light of
your duties and obligations as described in your job description
and /or classification specifications, under which you operate. Our
inquiry necessarily focuses on the job itself and not on the
individual incumbent in the position, the variable functions of the
position, or the manner in which a particular individual occupying a
position may carry out those functions. See Phillips v. State
Ethics Commission, 79 Pa. Cmwlth. 491, 470 A.2d 659 (1984); and
Mummau v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp. 402 (E.D. Pa. 1982).
Also, in reviewing your question, the Commonwealth Court in its
ruling in Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs us to construe
coverage of the Ethics Act broadly, rather than narrowly, and
conversely, directs that exclusions from the Ethics Law should be
narrowly construed. Based upon this directive and reviewing the
definition of "public employee" in the statute and the regulations
and opinions of this Commission, in light of your job functions and
the information available to us, we must conclude that you are a
"public employee" subject to the financial reporting and disclosure
requirements of the State Ethics Act.
It is clear that in your capacity as a Claims Investigation
Agent for DPW's Bureau of Child Support Enforcement, you have the
ability to recommend official action with respect to subparagraph 5
within the definition of "public employee" as set forth in the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. S402. In addition to recommending official
action, you take official action in investigating; in representing
DPW's interests in obtaining optimum support orders assigned to the
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 7
Department; and in ensuring that obligations due to the
Commonwealth are protected and satisfied. Furthermore, an employee
in your class also recommends and takes official action in
investigating and settling claims; recovering funds legally owed to
the Commonwealth; prosecuting public assistance clients that
fraudulently received benefits; and conducting the technical and
regulatory review of cases that are subject to departmental
administrative fair hearings. You specifically work with a high
degree of independence, reporting back to supervisory personnel only
to make recommendations on assigned cases or to request guidance on
the more highly complex or involved cases, and your job
classification also designates independent responsibilities. These
activities fall within the definition of public employee as
contained in the regulations of the Commission in Section 1.1,
subparagraph (B)(I) and (II). 51 Pa. Code 1.1. Under these
circumstances and given your duties and responsibilities as
outlined above, you are a "public employee" as that term is defined
in the Ethics Law.
Indeed, given the nature of your highly responsible duties as a
Claims Investigation Agent for DPW, your status as a "public
employee" as defined under the Ethics Law is in complete accord
with prior decisions of this Commission. See, Garlan, Opinion 89-
004 (Professional Conduct Investigator for the Department of State
is a public employee required to file the Statement of Financial
Interests; See also, Phillips v. Com., State Ethics Com'n, 79 Pa.
Commw. 491, 470 A.2d 659 (1984) (Affirming the Commission's
adjudication that a Claim Settlement Agent I for DPW is a public
employee pursuant to the Ethics Act and required to file a
Statement of Financial Interests).
Conclusion: You are to be considered a "public employee" in your
capacity as a Claims Investigation Agent with the Department of
Public Welfare's Bureau of Child Support Enforcement. Accordingly,
you must file a Statement of Financial Interests for each year in
which you hold the position outlined above and for the year
following your termination of this service.
If you have not already done so, a Statement of Financial
Interests must be filed within 15 days of this Advice. This
Statement of Financial Interests would report information of the
prior calendar year. Please file the original of such a Statement
with this Commission to insure compliance with this Advice, provide
the yellow copy to your Personnel Office and retain the green copy
for your records.
Mr. Fred L. Ford Jr.
August 2, 1991
Page 8
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on
the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant to
51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
incent t. Dopko
Chief Counsel
fir, r. �.