HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-554 StreamsMr. Thomas L. Streams
153 Mill Run Drive
Indiana, PA 15701
Dear Mr.
This
requested
Streams:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 2, 1991
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County Coroner
President of Ambulance Transport Service
91 -554
and
responds to your letter of May 10, 1991, in which you
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a County Coroner
as president of a non- profit corporation which provides
infrequent ambulance services to the County at actual cost
without generating any profit.
Facts: As the Indiana County Coroner, you seek the advice of the
State Ethics Commission. In addition to being the Coroner for
Indiana County, you are also the President of Streams Ambulance
Transport Services (SATS), which is a Pennsylvania non - profit
corporation. SATS is used infrequently to transport bodies from
the place of death to the hospital. SATS is only used when the
funeral home's hearse is unavailable or when time is of the
essence. SATS's charge of $50.00 to the County is less than the
funeral home's charge and is the actual cost of providing the
service. You affirmatively represent and assure the Commission
that no profit is generated by SATS in providing this service to
the County. You note that you have been asked by Indiana County
Commissioner George E. Sulkosky, Jr. to obtain a ruling from this
Commission to determine if a conflict of interest "has occurred"
in this matter. You have enclosed a letter dated May 10, 1991
from Commissioner Sulkosky addressed to you, together with an
invoice numbered 91 004, dated April 19, 1991 from SATS to
Indiana County for body removal services rendered, which
documents are incorporated herein by reference.
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Thomas L. Streams
Discussion: As Coroner for Indiana County, Pennsylvania, you are
a public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, .
and hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
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Thomas L. Streams
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in
business for profit which comprises more
than 5% of the equity of the business or more
than 5% of the assets of the economic
interest in indebtedness.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement
for the acquisition, use or disposal by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
consulting or other services or of supplies,
materials, equipment, land or other personal
or real property. "Contract" shall not mean
an agreement or arrangement between the State
or political subdivision as one party and a
public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense,
reimbursement, salary, wage, retirement or
other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public
employment with the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
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Thomas L. Streams
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals
considered and contracts awarded. In such a
case, the public official or public employee
shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or
administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this
subsection shall be voidable by a court of
competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the
contract or subcontract.
Parenthetically, where contracting is otherwise - allowed or
where there appears to be no expressed prohibitions to such
contracting, the above particular provision of law would require
that an open and public process must be used in all situations
where a public official /employee is otherwise appropriately
contracting with his own governmental body in an amount of
$500.00 or more. This open and public process would require:
(1)
prior public notice of the
contracting possibility;
sufficient time for a reasonable
competitor /applicant to be able to
present an application or proposal;
public disclosure of all applications
considered and;
employment or
and prudent
prepare and
or proposals
Page 5
Thomas L.
(4)
Streams
public disclosure of the contract awarded and
offered and accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public
official /employee may not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the
contract.
Turning to your specific inquiry, it is initially noted that
your inquiry may only be addressed under the Ethics Law; the
applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation
or other code of conduct is not considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
It is further noted that your inquiry may only be addressed
with respect to prospective conduct. A reading of Sections 7(10)
and (11) of the Ethics Act makes it clear that an opinion /advice
may be given only as to prospective (future) conduct. If the
activity in question -has already occurred, the Commission may not
issue an opinion /advice but any person may then submit a signed
and sworn complaint which will be investigated by the Commission
if there are allegations of Ethics Law violations by a person who
is subject to the Ethics Law. Your specific inquiry asks if a
conflict of interest "has occurred in this matter." Such an
inquiry seeks a ruling on past conduct and therefore that
question may not be addressed in this Advice.
However, your request letter also inherently encompasses an
inquiry as to the propriety of providing such services to the
County in the future and to that extent only, this Advice will
address your request.
First, in applying the above facts to Section 3(f) of the
Ethics Law, the facts do not reveal the existence of any contract
between SATS and the County for providing these services on a
continuing basis. Rather, SATS is used infrequently for
transporting bodies from the place of death to the hospital when
the funeral home's hearse is unavailable or when time is of the
essence. It is possible that each such instance where SATS is
used could be deemed a contractual arrangement. However, the
$50.00 charge is clearly below the $500.00 threshold for Section
3(f) restrictions to apply, and there would not appear to be any
contract fragmentation under these facts. See, Astolos, Order
No. 741. Thus Section 3(f) does not appear to apply to the
present circumstances.
However, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would prohibit your
using the authority of your office or confidential information
obtained by holding the office of Coroner to obtain a private
pecuniary benefit for SATS. The fact that you state that no
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Thomas L. Streams
Profit is generated by the services provided to the County does
not gainsay the private pecuniary benefit which would be
generated. The element of "private pecuniary benefit" is not
defined as, or confined to profit. Rather, each use of SATS'
services would result in a $50.00 fee with offsets to operating
costs. Since there would be a private pecuniary benefit even
though there may be no "net profit ", you could not use the
authority of your office as Coroner by making a decision to use
the corporation with which you are associated for these business
transactions. (See, Sullivan, Opinion 87 -004, where the
Commission rejected an argument under former Ethics Act 170 of
1978 that transactions involving no "net income" were not
required to be reported as a source of income.)
In passing, it is noted that S1806 of the County Code, 16
P.S. §1806 regarding "County Officers Not to Be Interested in
Contracts" may also be implicated under the facts which you have
presented. However, the Commission does not specifically have
the statutory jurisdiction to interpret the County Code. It is
recommended that you consult with your solicitor regarding your
proposed conduct as it may involve restrictions within the County
Code.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the County Code.
Conclusion: As Coroner for Indiana County, Pennsylvania, you are
a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
This advice addresses prospective conduct only and does not
address your inquiry to the extent it involved past conduct. The
provision of ambulance transport services to the County by
Streams Ambulance Transport Service (SATS), a Pennsylvania non-
profit corporation of which you are President, would not
implicate the restrictions of Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law
under the facts which you have presented. There is no contract
for providing SATS' services to the County on a continuing basis
(nor does there appear to be contract fragmentation), and the
charge for each service is well below the $500.00 threshold set
forth in Section 3(f). However, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
would clearly prohibit your use of the authority of your office
or confidential information received through your holding office
as Coroner to use SATS' services for business transactions with
the County. The use of SATS' services would result in a private
pecuniary benefit to this corporation with which you are
associated, despite the fact that you have represented that no
"profit" is thereby generated. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
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Thomas L. Streams
It is recommended that you consult with your solicitor regarding
any restrictions of the County Code with regard to your proposed .
conduct, and specifically 16 P.S. §1806.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
C-r
Vincent . Dopko,
Chief Counsel