HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-516 MortonDear Mr. Morton:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 19, 1991
Mr. John D. Morton 91 -516
412 Hunting Creek Road
Canonsburg, PA 15317
Re: Former Public Employee, Section 3(g), Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Resources, Bureau of Water
Quality Management, Chief of Permits Section.
This responds to your letter of January 11, 1991, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon your employment following
termination of service with the Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Resources.
Facts: As Chief of the Permits Section in the Bureau of Water
Quality Management of the Pittsburgh Regional Office of the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (DER), you
have requested advice from the State Ethics Commission regarding
any restrictions under the Ethics Law upon your employment with
private industry following termination of service with DER. You
have submitted your job description for your current position
(classified as a Sanitary Engineer IV position), which job
description is incorporated herein by reference. You have been
in this position since March 1985. You state that your position
involves directing, supervising, and planning the work of
sanitary engineers to prepare permits for issuance. You do not
have the authority to issue permits or final Bureau policies,
technical guidance or regulations, although you do contribute to
their development.
Your job description indicates that you are responsible for
supervising and assigning work to a regional staff of engineers
and hydrogeologists in the review, evaluation and issuance of
NPDES and Bureau of Water Quality Management permits for
application to discharge industrial waste and non - municipal
sewage to streams of the Commonwealth. You are responsible for
the review and recommended approval or denial of NPDES industrial
Mr. John D. Morton
Page 2
waste and non - municipal sewage permits, as well as Water Quality
Management Part II industrial waste and non -coal mining permits.
You are responsible for establishing technology based effluent
limits for NPDES permits and you are responsible for industrial
waste permit transfer and cancellations. You coordinate the
preparation of Consent Order and Agreements, when applicable, and
the preparation of water pollution reports on treated industrial
waste discharges. You are required to be familiar with EPA
regulations concerning the discharge of industrial waste, which
includes researching current EPA Development Documents and
guidelines for the primary and secondary industries and the
current rules and regulations of the Department of Environmental
Resources for in- stream water quality criteria. Your work
involves interpreting assignments, rules, regulations, policies
and procedures for employees and meeting with facility
operators, industrial representatives, and the public to explain
inspections, investigations, enforcement, permits and other
activities. Your work also includes planning and organizing the
work of the Permits Section, assigning work, determining work
priority and work flow, and performing numerous duties related to
personnel. You directly manage the activities of the Permits
Section engaged in the regulation of activities to ensure
compliance with Water Quality Management Rules and Regulations.
You may be asked to respond to emergency situations, such as
chemical spills, fish kills and flood disasters to assist in
clean -up operations or damage assessments. You are additionally
responsible for providing technical expertise on problem cases
and testifying as an expert witness and /or material witness
before the Environmental Hearing Board or judicial tribunals.
You are responsible for numerous other duties set forth more
fully in the incorporated job description.
You acknowledge that you are not to represent a person on
any matter with the particular governmental body with which you
were associated for one year after leaving that body, and you
cite Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. It is assumed that you
intended to cite Section 3(g) in this regard. You pose specific
inquiries as to whether this prohibition includes all of DER or
only the Bureau of Water Quality Management, and whether you may
work on permit applications, permit appeals, or other items to be
reviewed by DER if you do not make it known to DER that you have
prepared or assisted in the preparation of the work item. You
state that your intent is not to deceive DER but only to insure
that such work would not receive preferential treatment if it
were to be known that you worked on it. Finally, you
specifically inquire whether the Ethics Act would be interpreted
differently concerning your employment with private industry and
your relationship with DER if you were either involuntarily
furloughed or took a voluntary furlough.
Mr. John D. Morton
Page 3
Discussion: As Chief of the Permits Section in the Bureau of
Water Quality Management of the Pittsburgh Regional Office of
DER, you are to be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this Commission. 65
P.S. Section 402; 51 Pa. Code Section 1.1. This conclusion is
based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an
objective basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take
or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with
respect to contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting,
administering or monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing
or other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimus on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any
matter before the governmental body with
which he has been associated for one year
after he leaves that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you have associated while working with DER must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is
or has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
Mr. John D. Morton
Page 4
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you have
associated upon termination of public service would be DER,
including but not limited to the Bureau of Water Quality
Management. Thus, with regard to your initial specific inquiry,
the restrictions of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would in your
case include all of DER and not merely the Bureau of Water
Quality Management. The above is based upon the language of the
Ethics Law, the legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House,
1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this
Commission. Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission
found that a former Division Director of the Department of Public
Welfare (DPW) was not merely restricted to the particular
Division as was contended but was in fact restricted to all of
DPW regarding the one year representation restriction. Similarly
in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was determined that a former
legislative assistant to a state senator was not merely
restricted to that particular senator but to the entire Senate as
his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of
service with DER, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and
restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
DER, including but not limited to the Bureau of Water Quality
Management.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was
the specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above
term so that it was not merely limited to the area where a public
official /employee had influence or control but extended to the
entire governmental body with which the public official /employee
was associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the
legislative debate relative to the amendatory language for the
above term:
We sought to make particularly clear
that when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are
dealing not only with a particular
subdivision of an agency or a local
government but the entire unit..."
Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session,
No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to
ascertain and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under
Mr. John D. Morton
Page 5
1 Pa. C.S.A. 1901, it is clear that the governmental body with
which you have associated is DER.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on
the type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however,
that the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with
financial conflicts and violations of the public trust. The
intent of the law generally is that during the term of a person's
public employment he must act consistently with the public trust
and upon departure from the public sector, that individual should
not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year representation, the Ethics Law
defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals
which are signed by or contain the name of a
former public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under
the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental
body, individual, corporation, union,
association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of
persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental
body or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
Mr. John D. Morton
Page 6
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are
signed or contain the name of the former public
official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in
relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
With regard to your second specific inquiry, you may, assist
in the preparation of any documents presented to DER so long as
you are not identified as the preparer. You may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before DER. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be
revealed to DER. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would
not prohibit or preclude the making of general informational
inquiries of DER to secure information which is available to the
general public. This must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known
to that body the representation of, or work for the new employer.
With regard to your third and final specific inquiry, the
Ethics Law would not be interpreted differently concerning
restrictions upon your employment following termination of
service with DER if you were either involuntarily or voluntarily
furloughed. Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law regards public
officials or public employees who leave the governmental body
with which they have been associated. Section 3(g) does not
provide exceptions for circumstances involving an involuntary
or voluntary furlough.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee and no public official /employee shall solicit
or accept any thing of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference
Mr. John D. Morton
Page 7
is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there
has or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As Chief of the Permits Section in the Bureau of
Water Quality Management of the Pittsburgh Regional Office of the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (DER), you are
to be considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics
Law. Upon termination of service with DER, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics
Law. The former governmental body is DER, including but not
limited to the Bureau of Water Quality Management. The
restrictions as to representation outlined above must be
followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above,
the Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial
Interests be filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Vincent J. Dopko,
Chief Counsel