HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-603 SirottMr. Jack Sirott 90 -603
Sirott & Reimel
220 Radcliffe Street
Box 708
Bristol, PA 19007
Re: Conflict, Public Official, Immediate Family, Municipal
Authority, Collective Bargaining Agreement.
Dear Mr. Sirott:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 29, 1990
This responds to your letter of September 26, 1990, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon municipal authority board members
from participating in the collective bargaining process or voting
on the collective bargaining agreement for a municipal authority.
Facts: You represent the Lower Bucks County Joint Municipal
Authority (Authority) which is a joint authority formed by the
Township of Bristol and the Borough of Tullytown. The Authority
is formed and operates pursuant to the Municipalities Authorities
Act of 1945 as amended. The Board has six members, three of
which are appointed from each municipality. The Authority
operates both a water and sewer plant and has an office staff
for administrative purposes. All Authority employees are members
of the same international union but are represented by three
separate bargaining units. Board member A has two sons employed
by the Authority in bargaining unit 1; Board member B has two
cousins employed by the Authority in bargaining unit 1 and B is a
blood relation of Board member A; Board member C has a brother -
in -law in bargaining unit 1, a sister in bargaining unit 2 and a
wife and brother -in -law in bargaining unit 3 which is a
supervisors union and Board member D who is a paid borough
manager of one of the municipalities comprising the Authority
wherein he is appointed by, directed and overseen by borough
council, two members of which are employed by the Authority in
bargaining units 1 and 2. In the past negotiations have first
occurred in bargaining unit 1 followed by the acceptance of those
negotiated benefits by bargaining unit 2. Although member D has
Mr. Jack Sirott
Page 2
appointed himself chairman of the committee to negotiate with the
three bargaining units, additional members of the committee are
the solicitor and managing engineer of the Authority; an
invitation has been extended to all Board members to participate
in the negotiation process including the determination of fringe
benefits, compensation and other matters. You conclude by posing
three questions under the Ethics Law: whether board members A,
B, C or D have a conflict; whether any of the members may
participate in the bargaining process or whether they are
disqualified except for voting as provided for in 3(j) of the Act
and whether these members have such an "interest in the outcome
of the bargaining" as set forth in the Public Employee Relations
Act so as to bar them from participating in the collective
bargaining processes.
Discussion: As a Board members for Lower Bucks County Joint
Municipal Authority, each member is a public official as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence they are subject
to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
Mr. Jack Sirott
Page 3
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee and no public official /employee shall solicit
or accept anything of monetary value based upon the understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made
to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has or
will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Since the term "immediate family" is defined to include a
parent, spouse, child, brother or sister and since cousin is not
a familial relationship delineated above, Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law would not prohibit B from participating in the
collective bargaining process or voting on the final
ratification. Baker, Opinion 89 -016. The fact that B is a blood
relation to member A is not operative since A and B are both
members of the Authority board.
Since the term "immediate family" defined above includes
sons (child), sister and wife (spouse), Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law would prohibit both member A and C from participating
in the negotiations during the collective bargaining process.
The question of their ability to vote on the final ratification
of the contract will be addressed infra. Davis, Opinion 89 -012.
Thus, if A or C were to participate in the negotiating process,
such action would be a use of the authority of office to obtain a
private pecuniary benefit for members of their immediate family
in contravention of the Ethics Law. Section 3(j) of the Ethics
Law requires public disclosure of their abstention prior to a
vote being taken on the matter as well as disclosing same in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes.
As to board member D, the two employees of the Authority who
are also members of the council of which D is borough manager are
not members of D's immediate family; however, the reciprocal
Mr. Jack Sirott
Page 4
employer /employee relationship at the Borough and Authority level
has been held by the Commission to constitute a conflict. See
Bassi, Opinion 86 -007. In such situations, the concern exists
that the Authority board member would be placed in a situation of
participating or voting for a contract for employees when two of
those employees are members of council which in turn employs
that Authority board member at the Borough.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
As noted above, if a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires
the public official /employee to abstain as well as file a written
memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes
or supervisor.
Mr. Jack Sirott
Page 5
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s), then in that
event participation is permissible provided the disclosure
requirements noted above are followed.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
instant matter, since board members A, C and D have conflicts,
they may not be part of the negotiating team as to the collective
bargaining process. See VanRensler, Opinion 90 -017, wherein the
Commission held that school directors, whose members of their
immediate families were school district employees, would be
prohibited from participating in the negotiating process although
they could vote on the final ratification of the contract
provided the members of their immediate families were not treated
any differently than any other employs in the bargaining unit.
Thus, although the Ethics Law would restrict A, C or D from
participating in the negotiation process, B could participate in
the negotiating process.
Turning to the question of the voting on the final
ratification of the collective bargaining agreement, A, C and D
as well as B could take action on the matter. VanRensler,
supra. As to the third inquiry which has been raised regarding
the applicability of the Public Employee Relations Act, that
question may not be addressed since it is beyond the scope of the
State Ethics Law.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As members of local Bucks County Joint Municipal
Authority, each board member is a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Under Section 3(a) of the Ethics
Law, board member B would not have a conflict as to two cousins
who are employed by the Authority and therefore could participate
in the negotiating process as well as vote on the final
ratification of a collective bargaining agreement. Board members
A, C and D would have a conflict since employees are either
members of their immediate family or an employer and therefore
those members could not participate in the negotiating process.
A, C and D could vote on the final ratification of the contract
providing the members of their immediate families are not treated
any differently than any other member in the respective
bargaining unit and providing that there is more than one person
in the given bargaining unit. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Mr. Jack Sirott
Page 6
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code J2.12.
Sincerely,
1
Vincent Dopko,
Chief Counsel