HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-588 BennDear Mr. Benn:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 23, 1990
Mr. Niles S. Benn, Esq. 90 -588
Wiley & Benn
204 -206 Mumper Lane, Suite 1
P.O. Box 288
Dillsburg, PA 17019
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Township Supervisor,
Realty, Sale, Golf Course, Voting, Free Privileges on Golf
Course.
This responds to your letters of June 13 and July 26, 1990,
in which you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a second class
township supervisor from voting on matters of a golf course
wherein he has free golfing privileges and secondly as to voting
on matters of a law suit against the municipality by an
individual who purchased the land from a business in which the
supervisor had a financial interest.
Facts: As solicitor for the Monaghan Township Board of
Supervisors and on behalf of Supervisor Wayne Miller, you seek an
advisory opinion regarding a possible conflict. Miller had a
thirty percent interest in a family held corporation wherein
thirty percent interests were owned individually by a brother and
sister as well as a ten percent interests held by their father.
The corporation sold a parcel of real estate in the municipality
to another corporation for a sum in excess of six hundred
thousand dollars. Although there were no conditions on the sale
of the realty, the principal stockholder of the purchasing
corporation advised the family members that each one of them as
well as members of their family would have golfing privileges on
the proposed golf course which was intended to be constructed on
the land. It is anticipated that the proposed golf course would
be a private club and that none of the family members of the
selling corporation would have a membership or privileges in the
club or the ability to use the facilities except the golf course
wherein they would be permitted at their discretion to play
without paying green fees. You inquire on behalf of Miller as to
whether he has a right to vote on matters that would come before
Mr. Niles S. Benn
Page 2
the township concerning issues pertaining to the golf course and
specifically the approval or disapproval of the land development
plans, subdivision plans, etc. You then inquire that if Miller
is determined not to have the right to vote, what action can be
taken if the two remaining supervisors split on their vote. In
such a scenario, you ask whether Miller may vote to break the
tie. As a second area of concern, you indicate that within the
hundred twenty acres of property which has been sold, there are a
hundred acres of fruit trees which had been originally farmed by
the sellers. After taking title, the purchaser removed
approximately eighty acres of fruit trees from the area of the
contemplated golf course. The purchaser advised the seller
during negotiations that the sellers would be permitted to
continue to harvest the remaining fruit trees by maintaining them
through spraying and taking fruit from the trees at the sellers
expense. The purchaser advised the sellers that if they did not
elect such action, the purchasers intention was to allow the
trees to grow wild. During 1989 Miller choose to harvest the
trees and secure the fruit. In light of the fact that the
purchaser has recently filed a law suit against the township with
regard to the land development proposal, and since Miller has
received mixed information as to his ability to participate and
vote on the approval or disapproval of the land development and
subdivision process, you seek advice from this Commission.
Discussion: As supervisor for Monaghan Township, Wayne Miller is
a public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law,
and hence he is subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
Mr. Niles S. Benn
Page 3
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in
business for profit which comprises more
than 5% of the equity of the business or more
than 5% of the assets of the economic
interest in indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
Mr. Niles S. Benn
Page 4
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce
and disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required
vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided
herein. In the case of a three - member
governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the
remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has
abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists,
official /employee to abstain
to that effect with the
supervisor.
Section 3(j) requires the public
as well as file a written memorandum
person recording the minutes or
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s), then in that
event participation is permissible provided the disclosure
equ-irements•- ..:noted above are - followed- = ,.....
In applying the provisions of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
quoted above to the instant matter, Wayne Miller would have a
conflict as to participating or voting on matters that would come
before the township with regard to the proposed golf course and
specifically the approval or disapproval of such land
development plans. Even aside from the value of the harvesting
the fruit on the land from the remaining fruit trees which have
not been removed by the purchaser, it is clear that the golf
course privileges of paying without green fees is a private
Mr. Niles S. Henn
Page 5
pecuniary benefit. A private pecuniary benefit would consist of
the fact that Mr. Miller would be enriched because he would not
have those out of pocket expenses of paying for green fees.
Such would be a private pecuniary benefit to himself. Finally,
his voting or participating on the matter of the development of
the proposed golf course would be a use of authority of his
office which would have a direct impact upon the above private
pecuniary benefit. Accordingly, Mr. Miller would have a conflict
and would have to abstain from participation and voting as well
as observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) outlined
above. However, in the event that the two remaining supervisors
split on their vote after the abstention of Mr. Miller, then
Section 3(j) would allow Mr. Miller to vote in that instance to
break the tie provided the disclosure requirements of Section
3(j) outlined above are followed.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the respective
municipal code.
Conclusion: As supervisor for Monaghan Township, Wayne Miller is
a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would prohibit Wayne Miller from
participating or voting on a matter of a golf course or the
approval or disapproval of a land development plan or subdivision
plan wherein he has been granted privileges to play golf without
paying green fees and to harvest fruit from existing trees that
remain on the site of the golf course. He must abstain and
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) outlined
above. In the event that the two remaining supervisors split
their vote, then Mr. Miller may vote to break the tie provided
the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) are satisfied.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Mr. Niles S. Benn
Page 6
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
cerely,
OmcAn
incent Dop ,
Chief Counsel