HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-585 DEmilioMr. Matthew D'Emilio
Bruce E. Dice & Associates
787 Pine Valley Drive, Suite E
P.O. Box 14190
Pittsburgh, PA 15239
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 14, 1990
90 -585
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Sewer Authority, Members
as Real Estate Developers, Voting.
Dear Mr. D'Emilio:
This responds to your letter of July 10, 1990, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon two municipal
authority members voting on a DER corrective action plan as to
the repair and replacement of sanitary sewer lines when they are
real estate developers.
Facts: As the solicitor for Plum Borough Municipal Sewer
Authority (Authority) and on behalf of a Richard Kacin, Chairman
and James C. Rumbaugh, Vice Chairman, you seek advice regarding
certain contemplated action by these two individuals who are
members of an Authority and are also both land owners and real
estate developers with property holdings inside a water shed
served by the Authority. The water shed currently is under
moratorium from the Department of Environmental Resources (DER)
and consequently new sewer construction is prohibited. The
moratorium resulted because of infiltration into the sewer lines
of storm water and street runoff. The prime function of the
Authority is for sewage disposal in the water shed. Infiltration
has been occurring over the last fifteen years which resulted in
a moratorium on the constructions from DER which has also
mandated a corrective action plan to curtail the infiltration.
The foregoing will require the Authority to expend monies and
raise rates to pay for the corrective action plan which will
require repair and replacement of sanitary sewer lines. The
result will benefit the water shed because the corrective action
plan is designed to curtain infiltration and the moratorium will
be lifted by DER whereby new development can then occur. The new
development will bring new customers into the water shed by the
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expansion of sewer lines. The two board members are not parties
to any contracts which would be bid to perform the infiltration
work nor would they bid any of the work to be done under the
corrective action plan. In addition these two members, as all
board members of the Authority, are not compensated for their
board participation. The Authority board members will receive no
direct pecuniary benefit by voting to approve the corrective
action plan funding and will receive the same indirect pecuniary
benefit as any other land owner who has undeveloped property in
the water shed if they vote to fund the corrective action plan.
You conclude by requesting advice as to whether Kacin and
Rumbaugh as Authority members who are owners and developers of
land in the water shed may vote to raise the sewer rates to pay
for the corrective action plan.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or
which ,,affects. to .. _the same degree_ a . class
consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the
public official or public employee, a member
or his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual power provided by law, the
exercise of which is necessary to the
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performance of duties and responsibilities
unique to a particular public office or
position of public employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public
official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of monetary
value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of
the law not to imply that there has or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote
on a matter that would result in a conflict
of interest shall abstain from voting and,
prior to the vote being taken, publicly
announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written
memorandum filed with the person responsible
for recording the minutes of the meeting at
which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to
take any action on a matter before it because
the number of members of the body required to
abstain from voting under the provisions of
this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of
the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if
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disclosure is made as otherwise provided
herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain as well as file a written memorandum
to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law to the instant matter, the issue is whether the real
estate holding of Kacin and Rumbaugh fall within the exclusion to
the definition of conflict. The exclusion relates to action
affecting to the same degree a class consisting the general
public course or a sub -class consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which would include the public
official. Thus, the exclusion relates to a situation where the
action by the public official would affect him to the same extent
and degree as any other individual in the municipality. In
Markham, Opinion 85 -013, the Commission opined that a municipal
official could vote on a uniform tax increase which would affect
all residents within the municipality to the same degree.
However, the Commission has determined that whenever public
officials are not only residents but also have landholdings that
are subject to sale or subject to development, then in those
latter instances those officials have interests beyond those of
the class of the general public within the municipality and
consequently they could not vote because their actions would
affect them above and beyond the typical member of the class /sub-
class due to their separate land holdings. Dettra, Opinion 89-
021; Maholick, Opinion 90 -002. Therefore, since the two
Authority members are also developers with property holdings
inside the watershed served by the Authority, they would have a
conflict. They therefore could not vote and they would have to
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) outlined
above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically
not addressed herein is the applicability of the respective
municipal code.
Conclusion: As members for Plum Borough Municipal Sewer
Authority, Richard Kacin and James C. Rumbaugh are public
officials subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Section
3(a) of the Ethics Law would prohibit Kacin and Rumbaugh from
voting on a matter to expend monies and raise rates as to a DER
corrective action plan when those two members are real estate
developers within the water shed served by the Authority.
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Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in
reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be in writing
and must be received at the Commission within 15 days of the date
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
cerely,
Vincent `J. Dopko,
Chief Counsel